Archive

20 October 2023, Volume 60 Issue 10 Previous Issue    Next Issue
---
Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics
Horticultural Special Local Products·Agricultural Product Processing Engineering
Plant Protection·Microbes·Soil Fertilizer
Agricultural Equipment Engineering and Mechanization·Animal Husbandry Veterinarian


For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics

Select

QTL mapping and genomic selection of maize leaf width SUN Fenglei, REN Jiaojiao, LEI Bin, GAO Wenwei, QU Yanying 2023, 60(10): 2341-2351.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.001 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1733KB) ( )   【Objective】 To discover candidate genes related to drought resistance in the hope of providing theoretical basis for subsequent identification and identification and evaluation of drought resistance of cotton and research on drought resistance genes.【Methods】 In this experiment, 20 extreme drought and drought sensitive materials selected from recombinant inbred lines were constructed from Upland Cotton Shiyuan 321 and Kui 85-174.The extreme drought and extremely sensitive drought pools were constructed respectively, BSA sequencing was analyzed with the parents, and candidate genes were mined by BSA sequencing analysis using the upland cotton genome as a reference.【Results】 The results showed that they were finally associated with 3 related candidate regions.The total length of the candidate regions was 6.12 Mb, which contained a total of 86 genes.Combining GO annotation, KEGG pathway and five key indicators selected in the previous stage, through qRT-PCR detection and analysis, a total of 5 candidate genes were finally determined.【Conclusion】 The expression levels of the five genes in leaves were significantly higher than those in roots and stems.And the expression levels in drought-resistant materials were all higher materials with weak drought resistance, and the overall trend was “rising first and then falling”.

Select

Effects of different seedling emergence water on soil salt content and cotton growth WAN Yanan, XING Zhi, SHI Yuanqiang, WANG Tangang, WANG Jichuan, LI Huiqin, MA Li, LI Wenjun, WU Bingrong 2023, 60(10): 2352-2360.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.002 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1320KB) ( )   【Objective】 This study aims to study the effects of drip seedling emergence on soil salt characteristics and cotton growth in cotton field in southern Xinjiang under the condition of no irrigation in winter and spring.【Methods】 Xinluzhong 67 was taken as the test material, three seedling emergence water quantities, 150 m3/hm2 (W1), 300 m3/hm2 (W2) and 450 m3/hm2 (W3) respectively, were set to observe the dynamic changes of soil pH and salt content, cotton seedling emergence rate, agronomic characters, dry matter accumulation characteristics and yield characteristics.【Results】 The pH of topsoil treated with W3, W2 and W1 decreased by 0.57, 0.43 and 0.19, respectively at the seedling stage, and the salt content decreased by 44.19%, 38.70% and 28.72%, respectively, but the salt washing effect decreased gradually after the full bud stage.The emergence rate of W2 treatment was 87.31%, which increased by 11.44 and 5.78 percentage points respectively compared with W3 and W1.The greater the amount of seedling emergence water, the greater the index value of cotton agronomic characters.The plant height and stem diameter of W3 treatment increased by 2.71%, 8.31% and 5.15%, 8.18%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The average leaf area index (LAI) of W3 treatment increased by 7.57% and 11.46%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The total dry matter accumulation of shoot treated with W3 increased by 5.55% and 7.75%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The dry matter distribution coefficient of stem was W1 > W2 > W3, and that of leaf and reproductive organ was W3 > W2 > W1.The amount of seedling emergence water had a certain impact on the number of bolls per plant, but had little impact on the boll weight and lint percentage.The number of bolls per plant, boll weight and lint percentage of W3 treatment were the largest, but the harvested density of W2 treatment was the largest, and the final yield of W2 treatment was the highest, but there was no significant difference with W3 treatment.【Conclusion】 Higher seedling emergence water can significantly reduce the pH value and salt content of soil surface during seedling emergence, promote the growth of cotton plant and the effective accumulation of dry matter, which is conducive to the formation of yield components per plant.However, too much irrigation will affect the seedling emergence rate.The yield is higher when the seedling emergence water of drip irrigation is 300~450 m3/hm2.

Select

Effects of planting pattern and DPC on plant type and yield of resown cotton ZHAI Menghua, ZHOU Zhigang, SUN Minghui, DAI Jianmin, ZHANG Jusong 2023, 60(10): 2361-2370.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.003 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1084KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the effects of planting modes and DPC on the structure and function of cotton under the condition of replanting.The results are of great significance for guiding the light and simplified cultivation of cotton in southern Xinjiang and the optimal plant type of cotton picked by machine.【Methods】 The interaction experiment between Yuanmian 11 planting mode and DPC was carried out in Shaya County, Aksu Prefecture, Xinjiang.The planting mode was set at 76cm equal row spacing, (66 + 10) cm wide and narrow rows, and the dosage of DPC was set at 288,408,543 g / hm2,3 levels.【Results】 The 76 cm planting pattern with equal row spacing could accelerate the growth process of post-disaster reseeding cotton, advance the opening of bolls, advance the peak leaf area per plant, advance the transfer of vegetative growth to reproductive growth of cotton, and its plant type could meet the standard of machine harvesting, and the yield and quality were also improved.The internode length, specific leaf weight and photosynthetic product accumulation of leaves were significantly decreased by increasing DPC application, which ultimately increased cotton yield.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis shows that planting with 76 cm equal row spacing and spraying 543 g/hm2 DPC in the whole growth period of cotton can promote cotton early maturity and get better yield, while DPC could be applied 408 g/hm2 in (66+10) cm planting pattern.

Select

Effects of 0.1% thiabenduron combined with different exogenous substances on growth, yield and quality of chemical topping cotton LI Xinxin, ZHAO Qiang, WANG Wei, MA Chunmei, Alimu Amuli, ZHAN Dongxia, Munire Abduaini, LI Guangwei, TIAN Yangqing 2023, 60(10): 2371-2379.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.004 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (853KB) ( )   【Objective】 In order to explore the regulation effect of 0.1% thiabenduron combined with different exogenous substances on cotton growth, development, yield and quality.【Methods】 A field experiment was conducted in Dunlimai village, Hailou Township, Shaya County in 2021.Xinluzhong 67, mainly 0.1% thiabenduron 150 g / hm2, was mixed with 14 hydroxybrassinolate 150 g / hm2 (TDZ1), sodium dinitrophenol 300 g / hm2 (TDZ2), prochloraz 150 g / hm2 (TDZ3), inducer 300 g / hm2 (TDZ4) and ethephon 300 g / hm2 (TDZ5), with clear water as the control (CK), The effects of 0.1% thiabenduron combined with different exogenous substances on agronomic traits, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield and quality of cotton were analyzed.【Results】 TDZ1, TDZ2 and TDZ5 increased by 0.66, 0.33 and 1.53 compared with the control, and the number of buds and bolls increased by 8.68%, 17.23% and 23.45% compared with the control; Compared with the control, the weight of reproductive organs of TDZ5 increased by 1.93%.Each treatment increased the single boll weight and yield of cotton, among which, TDZ2 and TDZ3 increased by 1.53 g and 1.28 g, and TDZ1 and TDZ3 increased by 31.82% and 29.50% compared with the control.The elongation of TDZ3 was higher than that of the control by 1.04%.The number of fruit branches was significantly positively correlated with plant height, stem diameter and number of buds and bolls, the number of buds and bolls was significantly positively correlated with plant height and stem diameter, the number of buds and bolls per plant was positively correlated with stem diameter, number of buds and bolls per plant, and the yield was significantly positively correlated with the number of bolls per plant and single boll weight.【Conclusion】 Spraying 150g/hm2 0.1% thiabenduron and 150g/hm2 14 hydroxybrassinolate can increase the number of buds and bolls, the number of bolls per plant and the weight of bolls per plant, thus significantly improving the yield.

Select

Study on the effects of different water treatments on the emergence rate of cotton DING Yu, ZHANG Jianghui, BAI Yungang, ZHAO Jinghua, ZHENG Ming, LIU Hongbo, XIAO Jun, HAN Zhengyu 2023, 60(10): 2380-2389.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.005 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1511KB) ( )   【Objective】 To determine the irrigation scheme that will be suitable for dry sowing and wet-out cotton under double-film mulching conditions.【Methods】 By carrying out field experiments in Shaya County, Aksu City, Xinjiang.A total of six treatments were set: three irrigation quota treatments (S1:675 m3/hm2,S2:900 m3/hm2,S3:1 125 m3/hm2), two drip frequency treatments (S4:675 m3/hm2+450 m3/hm2,S5:675 m3/hm2+300 m3/hm2+150 m3/hm2) and one spring irrigation control treatment (CK:180 mm). And then the effects of different irrigation quotas and drip frequencies on soil water and salt transport, hydrothermal effect and seedling emergence rate were analyzed.【Results】 (1) In 0-40 cm soil layer, the drip frequency was the same. With the increase of irrigation quota, the average soil moisture content gradually increased, which was S1 < S2 < S3; With the same irrigation quota, the average soil moisture content increased gradually with the increase of drip frequency, showing S5 > S4 > S3; The average soil moisture content of CK treatment was significantly lower than that of dry sowing and wet-out treatment. (2) In 0-40 cm soil layer, the drip frequency was the same, the larger the irrigation quota, the higher the soil desalination rate after irrigation; With the same irrigation quota, the less drip frequency, the higher soil desalination rate; The desalination rate of CK treatment was significantly higher than that of dry sowing and wet-out treatment. (3) In 0-40 cm soil layer, the drip frequency was the same. With the increase of irrigation quota, the daily average soil temperature gradually decreased, which was S1 > S2 > S3; With the same irrigation quota, the daily average soil temperature decreased gradually with the increase of drip frequency, showing S3 > S4 > S5; The daily average soil temperature of CK treatment was not significantly different from that of S1 treatment, and was significantly higher than that of other dry sowing and wet-out treatments. (4) The emergence rate increased with the decrease of irrigation quota and decreased with the decrease of drip frequency. The emergence rate of each treatment was as follows: CK ≈ S1 > S2 ≈ S5 > S4 > S3.【Conclusion】 According to the soil water and salt, ground temperature and seedling emergence of each treatment, S1(675 m3/hm2) is the best seedling emergence water treatment.

Select

Study on cotton formation and water salt transportation under salinization ZHONG Zhibo, HE Shuai, ZHANG Wanheng, ZHOU Jianwei, ZHENG Guoyu, MA Junyong, CHENG Hong, SHI Cong, ZHANG Xin 2023, 60(10): 2390-2395.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.006 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (818KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the law of water and salt movement in different salinized soil conditions in cotton seedling stage, and clarify the relationship between the seedling formation law of different cotton varieties and soil salinity,the results can provide a theoretical basis for cotton cultivation under salinization conditions.【Methods】 The main cotton varieties in southern Xinjiang Tahe 2, Xinluzhong 56, and Xinluzhong 87 were taken as the research object, a completely randomized pot experiment was arranged in 2021. Three salt gradients shall be set according to the national soil salinization classification standard: 3, 5 and 15 g/kg (designated as S1, S2 and S3 in turn), and the test soil was the original saline soil in Xiaohaizi irrigation area in southern Xinjiang.【Results】 (1) After a period of irrigation, under the condition of the soil salt content of 15 g/kg, the soil moisture content was higher than that of other treatments; (2) The salt content of 0-20 cm soil layer with different salinity treatment was significantly higher than that of 20-40 cm soil layer. With the increase of the initial salt content of the soil, the salt return to the surface layer increased; (3) According to the fitting equation, when the soil salt content of Tahe 2, Xinluzhong 56, and Xinluzhong 87 cotton reached 6.94, 7.04 and 7.09 g/kg, respectively, the number of adult seedlings was 0, which can be used as the salt resistance limit value of cotton in the seedling period.【Conclusion】 When the soil salt reaches the salt resistance limit value, soil permeability is weakened, salt aggravation seriously affects the cotton seedlings. It can be seen that the cotton seedling period responds significantly to the soil salinity, and the cotton planted in saline soil should be controlled by salt water, and soil salt content should be adjusted in time.

Select

Bioinformatics and expression analysis of UGT gene family of cotton glycosyltransferase damaged by Helicoverpa armigera Mayila Yusuyin, YANG Ni, XU Haijiang, YANG Yanlong, ZHANG Dawei, LI Chunping, SHI Bixian, LAI Chengxia 2023, 60(10): 2396-2403.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.007 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1206KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to screen and analyze the UGT gene family of cotton glycosyltransferase damaged by Helicoverpa armigerawere in the hope of providing a basis for in-depth researches into the roles of UGTG01, UGTG02, UGTGo4, UGTGo6, and UGTGo7 genes.【Methods】 Based on the genome database of cotton glycosyltransferase UGT damaged by Helicoverpa armigera, the bioinformatics method was used to systematically analyze the physical and chemical properties, phylogenetic tree, secondary structure prediction, conserved motif, and conserved domain of cotton glycosyltransferase UGT gene family.【Results】 Five putative members of the UTG gene family with amino acid numbers ranged from 468 to 534, whose theoretical isoelectric point distributions of was from 4.97 to 5.58, relative molecular mass ranged between 52,743.1 and 60,208.62, subcellular localization outside the cytoplasm, and hydrophilicity as proteins were discovered through a genome search of cotton. The gene structure contained one exon, and the secondary structure was mainly composed of α-helix, irregularly coiled, with three motifs and a Glycosyltransferase_GTB-type superfamily domain. Expression analysis showed that the five genes displayed notable variations in the root, stem, cotyledon, true leaf, flower, and cotton boll; molecular evolutionary tree exhibited that the five UGTs were found to be on the same branch of the UGT73C family genes, rice UGT707A3 and soybean GmUGT.【Conclusion】 These glycosyltransferase genes have markedly varied levels of expression in various tissues and are found to be on the same evolutionary branch as UGT73C, UGT707A3, and GmUGT in evolutionary tree analysis, which indicates that they may have similar insect resistance functions, and also respond to insect resistance in cotton by regulating saponin elements, flavonoids, and naringenin.

Select

Relationship between electrical conductivity of seed soaking solution and seed viability in wheat spike parts ZHANG Lulu, ZHANG Jinshan, JIA Yonghong, LI Peng, Gulinigaer Turghun, WANG Runqi, DONG Yanxue, SHI Shubing 2023, 60(10): 2404-2411.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.008 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1279KB) ( )   【Objective】 To investigate the feasibility of conductivity prediction of seed vigor in wheat spike parts and to provide a theoretical basis for rapid prediction of seed vigor.【Methods】 The spike parts were all divided into six samples at 15 d (A15), 20 d (A20), 25 d (A25), 30 d (A30), 35 d (A35), 40 d (A40) and 45 d (A45) after flowering under seven different harvesting time conditions, namely, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5 and B6, respectively, using Xinjiang main cultivar Xinchun 44 wheat variety as the material. A wide range of seed vigor levels was formed to investigate the relationship between electrical conductivity and seed vigor in the spike parts. 【Results】 The results showed that seed conductivity and seedling height, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight, germination potential, germination percentage, germination index, vigor index and simplified vigor index reached highly significant levels. The coefficients of determination (R2) of the regression models were 0.656 8,0.811 6, 0.864, 0.802 7 and 0.803 6.【Conclusion】 Conductivity determination was simple and easy, and there were good linear relationships between conductivity and seedling height, seedling fresh weight, seedling dry weight,vigor index and simplified vigor index, respectively, so the method of conductivity determination was able to predict seed viability of the spike parts.

Select

Changes of maize ear traits and drought resistance with irrigation amount XIE Xiaoqing, TANG Huaijun, ZHANG Lei, SUN Baocheng, LIU Cheng 2023, 60(10): 2412-2418.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.009 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (863KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study the relationship between corn ear traits before and after drought, yield and drought resistance in the hope of providing theoretical basis for accurate identification of corn drought tolerance and corn drought resistance breeding.【Methods】 Under the field drip irrigation conditions, six undervolume irrigation treatments were set up and the first irrigation for each treatment was 675 m3/hm2 to ensure the emergence of seedlings. Water was irrigated 7 times from jointing to maturity, and the irrigation volume for each of the 6 treatments was 675(100%), 540(80%), 405(60%), 270(40%), 135(20% and 0(0%) m3/hm2. 9 ear traits of 12 maize hybrids under different water treatments were measured, and the change trend of ear traits with irrigation amount was studied.【Results】 Treatment with irrigation of 540 m3/hm2 (80%) compared with full irrigation of 675 m3/hm2(100%), the single ear weight(SEW) of 12 hybrids increased or decreased from -7.0% to 3.1%, with an average increase or decrease of 1.8%, indicating that a 20% reduction in irrigation volume has little effect on yield; as the irrigation volume further decreased, corn single ear weight(SEW), total number of ears(TNE), grain number per ear(GNE), hundred grain weight(GHW), kernel numbers per row(KNR), ear length(EL), and ear diameter(ED) showed a decreasing trend, the bare tip length(BTL) showed an increasing trend, while the change trend of kernel rows per ear(KRE) was not obvious; the order of sensitivity to drought was as follows: SEW, BTL, GNE, KNR, EL, TNE, GHW, ED and KRE.【Conclusion】 Under mild drought conditions (within 20% water shortage), the yield of corn hybrids decrease slightly; under moderate drought conditions (water saving 40%-60%), SEW, BTL, GNE and KNR can be used as important indexes for drought resistance identification; under severe drought conditions (more than 80% water shortage), EL, HGW, TNE and ED can be used as auxiliary indicators for the identification of extreme drought resistance of maize.

Select

QTL mapping of processing quality traits on RIL population in rice CHEN Li, MA Jing, ZHU Zhiming, LIU Wei, SUN Jianchang 2023, 60(10): 2419-2425.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.010 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (954KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the fundamental factors related to the quality of processed rice. 【Methods】 A RIL population F7 with 243 families constructed by 13JZ-44/13JZ-19 was used as the test material, and the phenotypic data of brown rate, milled rice rate and head milled rice rate were collected from 2019 to 2021, and QTL related to processing quality was analyzed.【Results】 The results showed that 9 QTLs related to processing quality traits were detected, among which 2 QTLs of brown rice percentage were located on chromosome 4 and 11, respectively, with phenotypic contribution rates of 18.68% and 75.32%. The three QTLs of milled rice rate were located on chromosomes 1, 2 and 5, respectively, with the contribution rates of 4.35%, 0.75% and 16.21%. The four QTLs of head rice rate were located on chromosomes 5, 6 and 8, respectively, with the contribution rates of 10.76%, 5.86%, 5.42% and 3.66%.【Conclusion】 qHR-6-1, qHR-6-2 and qBR-11 are newly discovered Loci for controlling brown rice rate and head rice rate, qHR-6-1 and qHR-6-2 have slight effect on head rice rate. And qBR-11 is a new major QTL for controlling brown rice rate.

Select

Variation of flour color (whiteness) of Xinjiang wheat varieties and its influencing factors LIU Na, Halidan Yikeremu, LIU Lianzheng, CAO Junmei, ZHOU Anding, ZHANG Xinzhong, Damailijiang Hezier 2023, 60(10): 2426-2432.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.011 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (685KB) ( )   【Objective】 Variation of flour color (whiteness) of Xinjiang wheat varieties and its influencing factors,to improve the flour whiteness of Xinjiang wheat varieties and provide theoretical reference for breeding wheat varieties with excellent flour color in Xinjiang wheat breeding job in the future.【Methods】 In this study, Xinjiang wheat cultivars (lines) were used as materials to understand the distribution law of wheat flour whiteness in this region and then 37 winter wheat varieties (lines) of different quality types in Xinjiang were used as materials to preliminarily explore wheat related quality traits.【Results】 The average distribution range of flour whiteness of 71 Xinjiang wheat variety resources was large, and 13 wheat materials had whiteness values higher than 80; The water absorption rate, grain hardness of flour and whiteness were extremely significantly negatively correlated, and grain hardness, water absorption, starch content and elongation jointly determined 63.3% of flour whiteness variation.There was no significant correlation between grain protein content and flour whiteness, but a very significant positive correlation with flour a* value.【Conclusion】 There are few germplasms of medium and high whiteness in Xinjiang wheat cultivars (lines).

Select

Effects of peanut intercropping patterns on peanut growth, leaf physiological characteristics and yield HUANG Xiaoshuang, LI Haifeng, Huxidan Maimaiti, Rexidan Amuti, LIU Zhigang, REN Hongsong, SHI Shubing, ZHANG Yu 2023, 60(10): 2433-2441.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.012 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1113KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to study the effects of peanut growth and development, leaf physiological characteristics and yield of different fruit trees.【Methods】 The conventional peanut varieties in Xinjiang Toksun County was taken as the test material, through the planting mode of peanut intercropping among three fruit trees: apricot, jujube and grape, the changes of agronomic properties, soluble protein content, malondialdehyde and antioxidant enzyme activities of peanut and the yield characteristics of peanut were analyzed.【Results】 Intercropping with different fruit trees significantly affected the main stem height, branch number and stem diameter of peanut.The number of branches of peanut in apricot intercropping was 190% and 60% higher than those in jujube and grape intercropping, and the length of main stem was 26% and 13% lower; Among different treatments, the main stem height of peanut was inversely proportional to the number of branches and stem diameter, and the number of branches was directly proportional to the stem diameter.The growth law of lateral branch length was that the growth period from seedling stage to pod setting stage was rapid growth period, and the growth period from pod setting stage to mature stage was slow growth period; under the intercropping of different fruit trees, the protective enzymes of peanut leaves showed a downward trend as a whole.The SOD enzyme activity of peanut intercropped with apricot and grape was significantly higher than that of peanut intercropped with jujube at all growth stages; Under the intercropping of different fruit trees, the number of fruit per plant and yield per plant obtained by intercropping peanut with apricot trees were the largest, 43.33 and 116.23 g, respectively.【Conclusion】 Apricot trees with suitable crown and age and less shade are the most suitable for intercropping peanut.The combination of scientific and reasonable pruning and water and fertilizer management is an important prerequisite for intercropping peanut.

Horticultural Special Local Products·Agricultural Product Processing Engineering

Select

Physiological response of 42 creeping peanut cultivars to salt stress at seedling stage YAO Qing, SHI Junjie, HOU Xianfei, JIA Donghai, GU Yuanguo, Aribelegan Hazzetti, MIAO Haocui, LI Qiang 2023, 60(10): 2442-2452.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.013 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (939KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study the physiological changes of 42 creeping peanut varieties under salt stress.【Methods】 Hydroponic method was used to measure the physiological indexes of proline (Pro), malondialdehyde (MDA), chlorophyll (Chl) and soluble sugar in the leaves of seedlings under the short-term stress concentration of 200 mmol/LNaCl.The comprehensive analysis was carried out by membership function method in order to provide a basis for screening salt-tolerant peanut varieties.【Results】 (1) The proline (Pro) content of peanut leaves increased in seedling stage;(2)The content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased except for 16 varieties c095, Z5036, Z5081, C094, C108, C128, C141, C145, C145-2, Z5096, Z5108, Z5123, Z5157, Z5185, Z5230, C108-1, and other varieties showed a downward trend and good salt tolerance response.(3) The chlorophyll (Chl) content of 80% peanut varieties increased compared with CK, while the contents of C905, Z5036,Z5040, C035, C087, C129, C135, Z5083, Z5225 decreased.(4) Compared with CK, most of the soluble sugar content showed an upward trend, and only the chlorophyll content of Z5035, C001, C087, C128, C135, C141, C145, C145-1, C145-2, Z5028, Z5123, Z5157,Z5225 decreased, which belonged to salt sensitive varieties.【Conclusion】 Cluster analysis is used to classify 42 creeping peanut varieties into four salt tolerance groups, namely, high salt tolerance group, salt tolerance group, medium salt tolerance group and salt sensitive group.

Select

Analysis of main agronomic characters and yield of different replanted millet varieties ZHAO Yun, FENG Guojun, HU Xiangwei, LI Cuimei, LI Pengbing, Akbota Muheyati, BAI Ling 2023, 60(10): 2453-2460.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.014 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1033KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to clarify the correlation and variation degree of main agronomic traits and yield components of reseeding millet in the hope of providing theoretical basis for excavating suitable millet varieties in dry farming areas of Shule County.【Methods】 Seven domestic millet varieties in different ecological regions were selected as test materials, and their fertility period, plant height, spike number, other agronomic traits and spike grain weight, were analyzed by means of variance analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis. 【Results】 Coefficient of variation between different agronomic traits ranged from 1.74% to 27.02%. The degree of variation of each agronomic trait from large to small was plant number, heading-maturity days, grain weight per ear, ear number, single ear weight, growth period, stem base diameter, ear diameter, ear length, thousand-grain weight, plant height, number of nodes, percentage of grain weight per spike. Yield was significantly positively correlated with weight per ear, grain weight per ear, 1000-grain weight, ear length, ear diameter, growth period and grain yield, but negatively correlated with plant height. In the PCA, the cumulative contribution rate of the three principal components to the variation reached 89.48%, and they served as the preferred traits when evaluating the millet varieties.【Conclusion】 It can be seen that Yugu 18, Yugu 32, Jigu 168, and Jizajinmiao have excellent comprehensive performance, so it is recommended to popularize them in Kashgar Prefecture.

Select

Study on in vitro antioxidant activities and digestive characteristics of tricolor quinoa Zulipiya Maimaiti, MAO Hongyan, YUE Li, WANG Jiamin, YU Ming 2023, 60(10): 2461-2469.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.015 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1009KB) ( )   【Objective】 To analyze the nutrient quality, antioxidant activity, and the in vitro digestion rate and expected glycemic index (eGI) of different colored quinoa in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the development of quinoa processing quality and functional properties. 【Methods】 Three kinds of quinoa seeds, white, black and red were selected as subject and used to compare the nutrient composition, pasting properties, antioxidant capacity. Afterwards, their difference of in vitro starch digestibility and expected glycemic index (eGI) were determined by using three-dimension of oral-stomach and small intestine. 【Results】 There were significant differences (P<0.05) in the basic nutrient components, total flavone contents, pasting properties such as trough viscosity, final viscosity, breakdown, and setback value of three quinoa varieties. The flavonoid extract and water-soluble protein extract of tricolor Quinoa had excellent antioxidant activity. In vitro antioxidant experiment results showed that ABTS+· scavenging activity and DPPH· scavenging activity of the total flavonoids extraction and protein extraction from red quinoa ware stronger than that of the other quinoa extraction.The results of in vitro digestion showed that the growth rate of in vitro digestibility curve of red and black quinoa starch was slower than that of white quinoa. The estimated glycemic index (eGI) of quinoa was (48.32~54.21) <55, indicating quinoa as a low-glycemic index(eGI) food. Quinoa eGI values were ranked as follows: red quinoa (48.32)<black quinoa (48.99)<white quinoa(54.21). 【Conclusion】 There were significant differences in the nutritional properties, pasting properties, antioxidant activity, digestive properties and glycemic index (eGI) between the different color’s quinoa. The pasting property of white quinoa were better than black and red quinoa. The antioxidant activity and antidigestive properties of red quinoa were stronger than white, black quinoa, with the lowest glycemic index (eGI).

Select

Study on the effect of chemical flower and fruit thinning on aksu fuji apple Yanfu 3 FENG Beibei, MEI Chuang, WANG Lei, GENG Wenjuan, Aziguli Yigaimu, YAN Peng, WANG Jixun 2023, 60(10): 2470-2478.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.016 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1239KB) ( )   【Objective】 To compare the effect of different concentrations of flower and fruit chemical agents on Aksu Fuji apple Yanfu 3, and then screen out the concentrations of chemical thinning agents suitable for the apple in the hope of providing a reference for controling the cost of artificial flower thinning and fruit thinning, regulating the load of fruit trees, weakening the phenomenon of small and large fruit trees, and providing reference for improving the fruit quality.【Methods】 The orthogonal test design was used to screen the appropriate time and concentration for flower thinning and fruit thinning of Aksu Fuji apple Yanfu 3.With the use of Zithromax Flower and Zithromax Fruit remedies, 9 treatments were set up, and a water control was set up.The effect of each treatment on fruit quality was analyzed by testing the fruit quality.【Results】 Treatment F2 had the highest rate of thinning and single and double fruit rate of 46% and 88%, respectively, while treatment F2 and treatment F9 had the lowest rate of more than double fruit of 11.67% and 13.17%, respectively, and treatment F9 had the highest single fruit rate of 58.83%.Except for treatment F1, all the treatments had no adverse effect on fruit quality.Manual thinning required 5.5 laborers at a cost of 1,100 YUAN/667 m2, while the use of chemical flower and fruit thinners required only 2 laborers at a cost of 450 YUAN/667 m2 to 650 YUAN/667 m2.【Conclusion】 The thinners used in this study showed significant and stable thinning of Fuji apple trees, with treatment F2 having the best thinning effect and treatment F9 the second best.Except for treatment F1, the remaining treatments had no adverse effect on fruit quality, and all nine groups of treatments reduced the number of thinning labor by 3.5, saving more than 40% of the cost.

Select

Study on physical parameters and biological characteristics of Xinjiang seabuckthorn fruit after frozen storage LIN Xinzhang, LEI Jin, REN Zichao, ZHANG Jie, LIANG Bingqin, WANG Bingpeng, WANG Weibing 2023, 60(10): 2479-2485.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.017 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1062KB) ( )   【Objective】 Sea buckthorn fruits are usually harvested by freezing and cutting the fruiting branches before de-fruiting. To provide a basis for the development of sea buckthorn fruit harvesting and processing machinery, it is necessary to obtain the separating force of sea buckthorn fruits with different physical parameters at different freezing temperatures.【Methods】 The SBT fruit "Late Autumn Red"was used as the experimental material.The characteristic parameters and other biophysical parameters of SBT fruits at different frozen storage temperatures were measured by digital explicit push-pull meter, digital vernier caliper, electronic scale and texture analyzer.Meanwhile, the experimental data were analyzed by variance analysis and correlation analysis.【Results】 With the increase of SBT tree age, the fruit detachment force, fruit stem diameter, fruit longitudinal and equatorial diameter, fruit mass increased significantly.With the decrease of the frozen storage temperature, the pericarp strength increased 16.86g/mm2, and the fruit drop hardness decreased by 42.05g.The fruit detachment force was positively correlated with fruit stem diameter, fruit longitudinal and equatorial diameter, fruit mass (P<0.01); fruit mass was positively correlated with fruit detachment force, fruit stem diameter, fruit longitudinal and equatorial diameter (P< 0.01).There was a significant negative correlation between pericarp strength and fruit drop firmness (P< 0.01).【Conclusion】 SBT fruit with older tree age and lower frozen storage temperature is more suitable for harvest, and the fruit detachment force, fruit mass and pericarp strength are highly correlated with other parameters, thus providing some index reference for mechanical selective harvest.

Select

Alleviating effect of exogenous melatonin on strawberry seedling under NaCl stress MA Yuanyuan, LI Gang, HE Wang, ZHAO Baolong, LU Qianjun, CHEN Liliang, LIU Ying 2023, 60(10): 2486-2495.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.018 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1552KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study NaCl stress, different concentrations of exogenous melatonin on growth indicators, photosynthetic pigment content, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics and antioxidant activity of strawberry seedlings in the hope of providing the optimal concentration of stress of strawberry NaCl stress for melatonin theoretical basis.【Methods】 Strawberry seedlings were taken as testing materials, and the seedlings were measured under 5 g/L NaCl treatment by spraying different concentrations of exogenous melatonin (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol/L).During the experiments, growth indicators, photosynthetic content, photosynthetic properties, chlorophyll fluorescence and antioxidant activity were determined the 3, 6 and 9 d.【Results】 NaCl stress could reduce the growth index, photosynthetic properties, photosynthetic properties, chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics, and antioxidant activity of strawberry seedlings.Exogenous application of 50, 100, 150 and 200 μmol/L concentrations of melatonin increased them under NaCl stress.The concentration effect of melatonin 150 μmol/L was optimal, and after being processed 9 d, compared with NaCl stress,the plant height, stem diameter, fresh weight per plant, Chla, Chlb, Car, Pn, Ci, Fm, SOD, CAT, POD and APX of strawberry seedlings increased by 23.75%, 37.97%, 18.87%, 37.95%, 75.93%, 41.22%, 58.96%, 26.47%, 46.72%, 32.89%, 84.26%, 48.34%and 33.94%, F0 rising speed was significantly reduced.【Conclusion】 Under NaCl stress, spraying different concentrations of melatonin can effectively alleviate NaCl stress injury to strawberries and the best effects is 150 μmol/L.

Plant Protection·Microbes·Soil Fertilizer

Select

Influence of sowing dates on cotton seedling aphid population dynamics and cotton yield in the yellow river basin LI Yaofa, AN Jingjie, DOU Ya'nan, SUN Xiaonuo, ZHANG Qian, LIU Chunhong, DANG Zhihong, GAO Zhanlin 2023, 60(10): 2496-2500.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.019 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (673KB) ( )   【Objective】 The population of cotton aphid migrating from overwintering host to cotton field and the environmental conditions in the Yellow River Basin are important factors for the damage caused by this aphid. The paper aims to clarify the effect of sowing date on the aphid population dynamics and cotton yield.【Methods】 Effects of the sowing date April 16, April 26 and May 6 on the aphid population dynamics and cotton yield parameters were studied in cotton field of southern Hebei Province. 【Results】 The results showed that the cotton emergence rate increased with the delay of sowing period, and the cotton emergence rates on April 26 and May 6 were significantly higher than that on April 16. There was an obvious peak of cotton aphids in spring occurrence and a rapid decrease of aphid quantity in the treatments of April 16 and April 26, while there was no obvious peak of Aphids in spring in the treatments of May 6. In terms of yield, cotton yield increased significantly from 3.94 kg (April 16) to 5.46 kg (May 6) with the delay of sowing period. 【Conclusion】 Postponing the sowing dates of cotton can play the role of protecting seedling, reducing early aphid damage and ensuring yield.

Select

Identification and genetic diversity of wild Macrolepiota in Xinjiang LUO Ying, Nurziya Yalimaimaiti, JIA Wenjie, LIU Jieying, JIA Peisong 2023, 60(10): 2501-2508.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.020 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1406KB) ( )   【Objective】 To identify and analyze their genetic diversity of wild strains of Macrolepiota in Xinjiang. Which can be used as a basis for the selection of parental materials for the next breeding research.【Methods】 The ITS sequence was used to identify the species and the ISSR markers technology applied to carry out the genetic diversity analysis on 17 wild Macrolepiota strains.【Results】 The 17 tested wild strains were the Macrolepiota excoriate, the screened-out 10 ISSR primers amplified a total of 116 clear DNA bands, including 75 polymorphic bands with a polymorphism ratio of 64.66%.The genetic similarity coefficient of each strain ranged from 0.71 to 0.99, and the 17 tested strains were divided into 8 groups at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.85.【Conclusion】 Macrolepiota excoriataalso is distributed in Xinjiang.and it has the occurrence of genetic differentiation with relatively rich genetic diversity.

Select

Optimization of SE medium of a saline-alkali green algae CHEN Feng, DONG Yu, CAI Hongyu, ZHANG Sujiang, LEI Manhong, SUN Yu 2023, 60(10): 2509-2520.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.021 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1658KB) ( )   【Objective】 Optimization of SE medium of a saline-alkali green algae,the purpose of this study is to provide a theoretical basis for the research on the molecular biology and ecological environment protection of saline-alkali green alga as well as fishery bait resources.【Methods】 A saline-alkali green alga isolated and purified from East Lake of Tarim University is screened for culture medium, morphological observation and molecular identification.Investigate the effects of CaCl2·2H2O, KH2PO4, NaCl, NaNO3, MgSO4·7H2O and pH on its growth, and conduct phylogenetic analysis.【Results】 The morphological characteristics showed that the algae is ellipse.The optimum concentration of CaCl2·2H2O is 0.050 g/L, the soluble sugar is 24.34%, the soluble protein is 16.55%, and the total chlorophyll is 2.000 g/L.The optimum concentration of KH2PO4 is 0.175 g/L, the soluble sugar is 10.53%, the soluble protein is 7.7%, and the total chlorophyll is 3.607 g/L.The optimum concentration of NaCl is 0.100 g/L, the soluble sugar is 11.82%, the soluble protein is 8.57%, and the total chlorophyll is 3.385 g/L.The optimum concentration of NaNO3 is 0.250 g/L, the soluble sugar is 10.64%, the soluble protein is 6.10%, and the total chlorophyll is 2.731 g/L.The optimum concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 0.375 g/L, the soluble sugar is 12.32%, the soluble protein is 9.9%, and the total chlorophyll is 1.790 g/L.The optimum pH concentration is 9.0, the soluble sugar is 16.57%, the soluble protein is 9.46%, and the total chlorophyll is 1.985 g/L.The results showed that the sequence of No.1 algae is closely related to the novel Pseudochlorococcum sp.【Conclusion】 This study determined the classification status of the saline No.1 and the concentration of CaCl2·2H2O, KH2PO4, NaCl and NaNO3 after SE medium optimization was 0.050 g/L, 0.175 g/L, 0.100 g/L, 0.250 g/L, respectively. The concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 0.375 g/L and the pH is 9.0.

Select

Evaluation of the comprehensive efficiency of cotton field with different phosphate fertilizer dosage LIU Ping, ZHANG Kai, MA Chao, ZHANG Hui, YANG Chuan 2023, 60(10): 2521-2531.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.022 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1363KB) ( )   【Objective】 In order to clarify the comprehensive benefits of cotton fields added with organic materials under different amounts of phosphorus fertilizer. This experiment provides theoretical and technical reference for establishing scientific fertilizer dosage and providing phosphate fertilizer dosage in cotton field.【Methods】 Using the field test method, Different amounts of organic material added (organic acid, organic fertilizer, biochar) ( kgP2O5/hm2, 50 kgP2O5/hm2, 100 kgP2O5/hm2, 150 kgP2O5/hm2) Dual-factor test treatment, Using the radar map analysis method, In terms of cotton yield, economic benefits, phosphate fertilizer utilization rate, soil phosphate effectiveness, soil microbial indicators (alkalidase activity, microbial biomass), The benefits of different treated cotton fields in 2020 were comprehensively evaluated.【Results】 According to the vector comprehensive evaluation function, MAP0 + CK, MAP50 + CK, MAP100 + CK, MAP150 + CK, MAP0 + OF, MAP50 + OF, MAP100 + OF, MAP150 + OF, MAP0 + OA, MAP50 + OA, MAP100 + OA + OA, MAP150 + O A, MAP0 + BC, MAP50+BC,MAP100 + BC, MAP150 + BC were 0.6099,0.8967,0.9215,0.9133,0.6103,0.8327,0.9988,0.9035,0.6366,0.9378,0.9163,0.7839,0.7654,0.9411,0.9452,0.8753.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis believes that a certain amount of phosphorus fertilizer (100 kgP2O5 /hm2) with organic fertilizer regulation is the optimal fertilization result of cotton fields, While the amount of phosphate fertilizer used at 100 kgP2O5 /hm2 is the gradient-optimal, For 50 kgP2O5 /hm2 + OA, Biochar-regulated 100 kgP2O5 /hm2 +BC, The addition of organic fertilizer regulation is 100 kgP2O5 /hm2 + OF is optimal; Under the reasonable amount of phosphate fertilizer used, The increased application of organic matter materials can improve the comprehensive benefits.

Select

Study on the effect of Bio-Organic fertilizer on promoting growth and increasing yield in saline alkali wheat field ZUO Xiaoxiao, YAN An, NING Songrui, YANG Li, SUN Meng, LU Qiancheng 2023, 60(10): 2532-2540.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.023 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1288KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the effects of different biological organic fertilizers on the growth of spring wheat under saline alkali stress and soil improvement and fertilization.Which provides a theoretical basis for the application of bioorganic fertilizer in saline alkali land.【Methods】 Through the pot experiment, nine treatments were set: no fertilization treatment (CK), four kinds of biological organic fertilizers with different strains and ratios (A, B, C and D).Each biological organic fertilizer was set with two application levels (1,125, 2,250 kg/hm2).【Results】 Compared with CK, LAI, SPAD, theoretical yield, soil organic matter and available nutrient content of spring wheat increased significantly after applying bioorganic fertilizer (P<0.05).The theoretical yield of spring wheat increased by 41.85%~74.93% compared with CK, and the contents of soil organic matter, alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, rapid available phosphorus and available potassium in 0-10 cm soil layer increased by 19.57%-66.24%, 20.73%-40.12%, 37.70%-75.72% and 11.98%-31.12% respectively compared with CK.The contents of alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium increased by 19.13%-74.63%, 17.38%-29.93%, 21.76%-59.52% and 11.98%-31.12% respectively compared with CK, and showed an upward trend with the increase of bioorganic fertilizer application; Compared with CK without fertilization, all fertilization treatments significantly reduced the soil pH and conductivity (P<0.05).The soil pH and conductivity in 0-10 cm soil layer were 2.55%-5.02% and 10.33%-40.51% lower than those of CK respectively.The soil pH and conductivity in 10-20 cm soil layer were 1.69%-4.20% and 21.3%-43.60% lower than those of CK respectively.The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil of spring wheat was significantly higher than that of CK (P<0.05), and the number of fungi was significantly lower than that of CK (P<0.05).The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil increased with the increase of bioorganic fertilizer application, and the number of fungi decreased.【Conclusion】 When the application rate of bioorganic fertilizer D (Rhodopseudomonas palustris: Streptomyces cinnamofuscus: Bacillus mucilaginosus: Bacillus subtilis = 1:2:2:2) is 2,250 kg/hm2, it has a good effect on the improvement and fertilization of saline alkali soil and the regulation of microbial quantitative structure, and promotes the increase of wheat production.

Select

Study on degradation of pesticide residues in muskmelon by brassinolide YANG Shiying, MA Yue, JIA Binxin, HUA Zhenyu, SHEN Qi, LIU Fengjuan, WANG Cheng 2023, 60(10): 2541-2550.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.024 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1543KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the degradation of acetamiprid, carbendazim, difenoconazole and nitriconazole in muskmelon treated with Brassinolide (BR) and its mechanism.【Methods】 Melons were treated with Brassinolide and clean water, and then sprayed with pesticides.Samples were taken at 2 h, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d, 7d, 9 d, 15 d and 24 d respectively to determine the content of pesticide residues, detoxifying enzyme activity, reactive oxygen species content, detoxifying gene expression and metabolites in the muskmelon fruit.【Results】 Compared with the water control group, the brassinolide treatment group significantly (P<0.05) reduced the contents of acetamiprid, carbendazim, difenoconazole and nitriconazole in melon fruit, reduced the production of malonaldehyde (MDA), significantly reduced the production rate of superoxide anion (O2-), and maintained a high detoxification enzyme catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD) Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and glutathione reductase (GR) activities, and the contents of soluble protein, reduced glutathione (GSH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were maintained at a high level.It had no significant effect on superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX).The expression of six detoxification genes increased to some extent.【Conclusion】 Spraying brassinolide can increase the content of detoxifying substances, the activity of detoxifying enzymes, the expression of detoxifying genes and alleviate the harm caused by reactive oxygen metabolism in melon fruit, and finally reduce the content of pesticide residues in melon fruit.

Select

Identification and 16S rRNA gene diversity analysis of salt cedar(Tamarix chinensis)witches'-broom LI Feng, LAI Ganggang, ZHAO Zhihui, CHEN Xiaofei, ZHU Tiansheng 2023, 60(10): 2551-2557.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.025 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1152KB) ( )   【Objective】 To clarify the distribution, taxonomic status, morphological characteristics and genetic differentiation of 16S rRNA of salt cedar witches'-broom disease in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】 In this study, the distribution and damage of salt cedar witches'-broom(SCWB) disease in southern Xinjiang were investigated and the pathogens of SCWB was observed by transmission electron microscope, 16S rRNA gene and rp gene amplification. Meanwhile, the molecular identification of the gene was carried out to clarify its morphological characteristics and taxonomic status, and the genetic differentiation of the 16S rRNA gene of SCWB in different areas of southern Xinjiang was studied.【Results】 The average incidence of SCWB in southern Xinjiang was 9.06%, and the average disease index was 5.66. The existence of phytoplasma granules was observed in the phloem tissue of tamarisk branches. Nested PCR of 16S rRNA and rp gene bands with sizes of 1,219 bp and 1,174 bp were obtained respectively. Through homology comparison and phylogenetic tree construction, it was confirmed that the SCWB belonged to the phytoplasma disease, and belonged to the phytoplasma 16SrXXX-A subgroup in terms of taxonomic status; SCWB phytoplasma could be mainly divided into four lines, and the nucleotide similarity of 16S rRNA gene was between 96.5% and 99.8% in southern Xinjiang.【Conclusion】 In this study, a systematic study of the phytoplasma disease of SCWB is carried out, the taxonomic status of the pathogen, the distribution and damage of the disease in southern Xinjiang are clarified, and the genetic differentiation of its 16S rRNA gene is analyzed. The rp gene i amplified to increase the content of phytoplasma diseases in the 16SrXXX group, which has provided a theoretical basis for the detection and identification of the disease.

Select

Spraying gibberellin to alleviate the Inhibition of paclobutrazol on leaf lettuce seedlings CHENG Chen, YAN Yujiao, ZENG Wenyu, LIAO Yawen, GAO Zhiqiang, LU Zhanjun, YAO Fengxian, ZHU Bo, WANG Jianjun 2023, 60(10): 2558-2565.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.026 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (927KB) ( )   【Objective】 In view of the major practical problem that paclobutrazole residue significantly inhibits the growth and development of leaf lettuce at seedling stage, a two-factor completely randomized trial design consisting of different leaf lettuce varieties and gibberellin mass concentrations was adopted to explore whether spraying gibberellin could alleviate the adverse effect of paclobutrazol.【Methods】 A total of five leaf lettuce varieties and seven spraying levels with different mass concentrations of effective ingredient gibberellin, including A1 (0 mg/L), A2 (15 mg/L), A3 (30 mg/L), A4 (60 mg/L), A5 (120 mg/L), A6 (240 mg/L) and A7 (480 mg/L), were carried out and the seedling quality, leaf type and the content of soluble solids in leaves of leaf lettuce were determined at the transplanting stage.【Results】 With the increase of gibberellin mass concentration, all parameters of the leaf lettuce height, root fresh weight, root dry weight, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, total leaf area, total leaf length, total leaf width, maximum function leaf length, and maximum function leaf width of five cultivars were increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of gibberellin mass concentration.The values of all indexes reached the maximum at A5 treatment, and compared with A1 treatment, each index of A5 treatment were increased by 36.8%-86.6%, 30.1%-53.4%, 21.1%-77.7%, 56.2%-127.3%, 56.0%-115.5%, 63.4%-142.1%, 30.4%-79.5%, 27.0%-65.7%, 24.0%-50.0%, 21.8%-48.8%, respectively.The indexes of soluble solids also showed a tendency to increase first and then decrease, with the best performance in A2 andA3 treatments.The SPAD value and root shoot ratio of leaf lettuce exhibited an opposite tendency and the minimum of all indexes was found in A5 treatment.Compared with A1 treatment, each index of A5 treatment was significantly reduced by 17.6%-28.6%, 17.5%-36.2%, respectively.【Conclusion】 In conclusion, the inhibition effect of paclobutrazol residue was alleviated by spraying gibberellin, and the gibberellins mass concentration A5(120 mg/L) exhibited the best regulation effect on leaf lettuce seedlings.

Agricultural Equipment Engineering and Mechanization·Animal Husbandry Veterinarian

Select

Development of 1SZL-300 type vibratory subsoiling and soil preparation combined machine TAN Xinzan, SHEN Congju, DAI Yameng, LI FAN, JIA Shouxing, MENG Hewei 2023, 60(10): 2566-2573.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.027 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1207KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to develop 1SZL-300 vibration deep subsoil preparation joint machine in order to meet the requirements of deep subsoil operation in Xinjiang dry farming land, break the bottom layer of plough, realize one-time joint operation of deep subsoil and land preparation, and reduce drag and consumption at the same time.【Methods】 Solidworks and CAXA drawing software were used to design the structure of the whole machine and its key components, and the single research of vibration deep loose parts and the selection of vibration spring were carried out.The force of deep loose shovel into the soil and the principle of self-excited vibration drag reduction were analyzed.【Results】 Field test of the prototype with or without spring vibration was carried out which verified that self-excited spring vibration could effectively reduce traction resistance.At the same time, the main operating performance indexes of the prototype under the condition of self-excited vibration were tested.The subsoiling depth was 382 mm, the stability coefficient of subsoiling depth was 96.8%, the soil swelling was 28.6%, the soil disturbance coefficient was 67.5%, and the soil fragmentation rate (within 10 cm of the surface) was 62.8%.The pure working hour productivity of the prototype was 2.2 hm2/h at an average working speed of 7.1 km/h.【Conclusion】 The field experiments and tests indicated that the 1SZL-300 type vibratory subsoiling and soil preparation combined machine has a good working effect and all inspection indexes meet the design requirements.

Select

Analysis of genetic diversity of Yemili chicken by microsatellite YAO Yingying, LI Jiahui, LI Haiying, WU Yingping, ZHAO Xiaoyu, ZHOU Jun, ZHAO Quanzhuang, LI Zongfu 2023, 60(10): 2574-2582.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.028 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (996KB) ( )   【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to explore the genetic diversity and genetic differentiation of Yemili aboriginal chickens in the hope of providing theoretical basis for the breeding of this breed.【Methods】 In this study, 15 microsatellite loci were used to analyze the genetic diversity of four groups (G1:1 generatons, G2:2 generatons, M1:1 generatons, and M2:2 generatons).【Results】 The results showed that a total of 102 alleles were detected in 15 microsatellite loci in 120 individuals, and the average number of alleles (Na) per locus was 6.8.The average expected heterozygosity (He) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) values for the points were 0.708 and 0.660, respectively.The average polymorphic information content (PIC) (0.661) was highly polymorphism.The mean intra-population inbreeding coefficient (Fis), total population inbreeding coefficient (Fit) and inter-population genetic differentiation coefficient (Fst) were 0.051, 0.070 and 0.020, respectively, indicating that the low degree of inbreeding and genetic differentiation were not obvious.The population gene flow MCW0216 site was the largest (29.689), the smallest LEI0166 site (6.192), the average gene flow (Nm) was 15.091, and a high degree of gene communication among the four populations.Cluster analysis showed that four groups of Yemili aboriginal chickens were divided into two groups according to genetic distance.【Conclusion】 In conclusion, Yemili aboriginal chickens have great selection potential and rich genetic diversity.

Select

Effects of feeding steam-pressed corn on meat performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle WEI Yong, GAO Yu, YANG Min, XU Zihao, REN Wanping 2023, 60(10): 2583-2589.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.029 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (783KB) ( )   【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to explore the effects of feeding steam pressed corn on meat production performance and liver nutrient metabolism of Xinjiang brown cattle.【Methods】 The healthy cattle in Xinjiang were randomly divided into two groups, namely, the normal corn crushing group and the normal corn crushing group.On the morning of the beginning and end of the experiment, the test cattle were weighed on an empty stomach and recorded.After slaughtering, the liver samples were sub packed and frozen in liquid nitrogen for detection.【Results】 (1) The average daily gain (ADG) and pre-mortem live weight of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05), and the eye muscle area of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05).There was no significant difference in carcass weight, eye muscle height and backfat thickness between the two groups (P>0.05).(2) There was no significant difference in urea (urea), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) between the experimental group and the control group (P>0.05).(3)Acetylacetic acid (ACAC) in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).The key products and enzymes of liver glycogen (LG), pyruvate carboxylase (PC), liver esterase (HL) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01).【Conclusion】 Feeding steam pressed corn can improve the weight gain and meat production of Xinjiang brown cattle and bulls and promote the glycolipid catabolism in the liver of Xinjiang brown bull and reduce the content of glycolipid deposited in the liver.

Select

A study of association analysis on gene PPARγ, MYF5 and AGPAT5 with body size traits in Xinjiang brown cattle HAN Liyun, LI Yanyan, MA Yun, HU Honghong, KANG Xiaolong, GUO Dianzhi, SHI Yuangang 2023, 60(10): 2590-2600.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.030 Abstract ( )   HTML ( )   PDF (1339KB) ( )   【Objective】 To screen SNP polymorphisms in PPARγ, MYF5and AGPAT5 closely related to the regulation of muscle growth and development, lipid metabolism and meat quality, and reveal the effects of SNP mutations on body size traits in Xinjiang brown cattle.【Methods】 The mutation of gene PPARγ, MYF5 and AGPAT5 in Xinjiang brown cattle were screened by PCR-RFLP method.The haplotype blocks of the above three target genes were constructed by haplotype method, and the genotype frequencies of different haplotypes were counted.【Results】 SNP association analysis showed that six SNP loci of the three genes had structure PPARγ- Exon7 (g74t) and AGPAT5-exon7 (g72a) led to changes in mRNA secondary structure and free energy, and protein secondary structure prediction revealed that two SNPs in both exon 1 of PPARγand exon 7 of AGPAT5 were missense mutations, which could change amino acid, but no impact on protein secondary structure.【Conclusion】 In this study, six polymorphisms in PPARγ, MYF5, and AGPAT5 genes were screened, and through genotyping, association analysis and bioinformatics analysis, and marker AGPAT5, PPARγ, MYF5 and AGPAT5 determined the relationship with body size traits by information for molecular breeding of Xinjiang brown cattle.