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Variation of flour color (whiteness) of Xinjiang wheat varieties and its influencing factors LIU Na, Halidan Yikeremu, LIU Lianzheng, CAO Junmei, ZHOU Anding, ZHANG Xinzhong, Damailijiang Hezier Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (10): 2426-2432.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.011 Abstract （2577）   HTML （10）    PDF （685KB）（38）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Variation of flour color (whiteness) of Xinjiang wheat varieties and its influencing factors,to improve the flour whiteness of Xinjiang wheat varieties and provide theoretical reference for breeding wheat varieties with excellent flour color in Xinjiang wheat breeding job in the future.【Methods】 In this study, Xinjiang wheat cultivars (lines) were used as materials to understand the distribution law of wheat flour whiteness in this region and then 37 winter wheat varieties (lines) of different quality types in Xinjiang were used as materials to preliminarily explore wheat related quality traits.【Results】 The average distribution range of flour whiteness of 71 Xinjiang wheat variety resources was large, and 13 wheat materials had whiteness values higher than 80; The water absorption rate, grain hardness of flour and whiteness were extremely significantly negatively correlated, and grain hardness, water absorption, starch content and elongation jointly determined 63.3% of flour whiteness variation.There was no significant correlation between grain protein content and flour whiteness, but a very significant positive correlation with flour a* value.【Conclusion】 There are few germplasms of medium and high whiteness in Xinjiang wheat cultivars (lines). Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Regulation of chlormequat on lodging resistance of winter wheat stem during the period of drip application of CCC ZHANG Yongqiang, CHEN Chuanxin, NIE Shihui, XU Qijiang, Sailihan Sai, LEI Junjie Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1873-1878.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.007 Abstract （2480）   HTML （12）    PDF （698KB）（32）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the regulation of chlormequat on lodging resistance of winter wheat stalks at different drip application periods, determine the best drip application period of chlormequat, and provide theoretical basis for drip irrigation wheat lodging resistance and its control measures in Xinjiang.【Methods】 In 2019-2020, the potted plant simulation field drip irrigation mode was adopted, and based on the previous research that the best chlormequat drip rate of 4,500 mL/hm2 was obtained, the greening period (S1), the rising period (S2), and the jointing period (S3) and the non-drip chlormequat control (S0), a total of 4 treatments with different chlormequat application periods were set to study the effects of different treatments on the drip irrigation wheat plant height, stem thickness, center of gravity height, the characteristics of the second internode at the base, and lodging resistance index and the impact of grain yield.【Results】 The results showed that the drop application of chlormequat during the rising stage had a more significant effect on the reduction of the height of the wheat plant height and the height of the center of gravity than the greening and jointing stages.3.38 mm, the maximum wall thickness was 0.543 mm, the maximum internode fullness was 25.57 mg/cm, the maximum bending resistance was 5.44 N, and the stalk lodging resistance index was the maximum 15.96 N/m.Compared with S0 treatment, chlormequat drip application increased the single-stem biomass of wheat, and the maximum single-stem biomass of wheat treated with S2 was 3.42 g/stem.The most fertile spikelets were treated with S1, the most sterile spikelets were S0, and the number of grains per spike was 38.50 grains at most in the S1 treatment.The grain weight per spike was 1.68 g in the S2 treatment, which was not significantly different from those of the S1 and S3 treatments.The difference between treatments reached a significant level (P<0.05).【Conclusion】 Comprehensive analysis showed that dripping chlormequat during the greening stage, rising stage and jointing stage can reduce the plant height of drip-irrigated wheat and improve its lodging resistance, but the dripping application at the rising stage has the best effect. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of different ecological conditions on dry matter accumulation and yield of spring wheat varieties DONG Yanxue, JIA Yonghong, ZHANG Jinshan, LI Dandan, WANG Kai, LUO Siwei, WANG Runqi, SHI Shubing Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1848-1857.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.004 Abstract （2404）   HTML （18）    PDF （1232KB）（38）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the effects of different ecological conditions in northern Xinjiang on dry matter accumulation and yield formation of spring wheat, and provide a reference for formulating breeding goals and achieving high yield and high quality of spring wheat.【Methods】 A two-factor experimental design was adopted, 5 varieties: Xinchun 44, Xinchun 37, Xinchun 48, Xinchun 26 and Ningchun 16 were planted in three ecological conditions of Qitai area, Mulei area and Tacheng area, to study the effects of different ecological conditions on leaf area index, dry matter accumulation and distribution, yield components and yield of spring wheat.【Results】 The leaf area index, dry matter accumulation in vegetative growth stage and reproductive growth stage, grain filling capacity and yield of spring wheat were the largest in Qitai.The dry matter accumulation in vegetative growth stage, reproductive growth stage, grain filling sink capacity and yield of spring wheat varieties in Qitai were 26.73%, 32.20%, 11.66% and 45.87% higher than those in Mulei, 21.33%, 17.29%, 1.17% and 17.58% higher than those in Tacheng.The grouting rate was the smallest at Qitai, the second in Techeng, and the largest in Mulei.Under the ecological conditions of Qitai, the yield of Xinchun37 was 0.92%~8.25% higher than those of other varieties.Under Mulei ecological conditions, the yield of Xinchun37 was 6.14%~19.52% higher than those of other varieties.Under Tacheng ecological conditions, the yield of Xinchun44 increased by 4.12%~19.64% compared with other varieties.【Conclusion】 Variety characteristics and yield, spring wheat is the most suitable to be planted in Qitai ecological area, namely, Xinchun 37 should be planted in Qitai and Mulei ecological areas, and Xinchun 44 is appropriate to be planted in Tacheng ecological areas. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of biomass charcoal application rate on the growth, development, and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation CHEN Chuanxin, ZHNAG Yongqiang, NIE Shihui, KONG Depeng, Sailihan Sai, XU Qijiang, LEI Junjie Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2146-2151.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.008 Abstract （2389）   HTML （11）    PDF （861KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 In order to study the effect of biomass charcoal application rate on the growth, development, and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation. 【Methods】 Under drip irrigation conditions, a single factor randomized block experimental design was used to set up three levels of biochar application, namely 0 t/hm2 (CK), 20 t/hm2 (T1), and 40 t/hm2 (T2), to study the differences in growth, development, and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation under different treatments. 【Results】 The application of biochar improved the leaf area index of winter wheat, and the leaf area index of T2 and T1 treatments was significantly higher than that of CK and increased the chlorophyll activity of winter wheat leaves. The SPAD values of chlorophyll in T2 treatment increased by 0.55%, 0.31%, 0.90%, 2.28%, and 1.41%, 1.18%, 2.95%, and 3.67%, respectively, compared to T1 and CK treatment at the jointing, heading, flowering, and filling stages. In addition, the application of biochar significantly increased the dry matter accumulation of winter wheat and promoted the formation of winter wheat yield, with T2 treatment performing the best at 8,244.40 kg/hm2. T2 treatment increased yield by 5.25% and 12.58% compared to T1 and CK treatments, respectively. 【Conclusion】 Under the conditions of this experiment, it can be found that the application of biochar is beneficial for the growth and yield of wheat. Under the T2 treatment of 40 t/hm2 of biochar application, winter wheat yield performs well, which provides reference for field production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of dry matter production, transport and nitrogen fertilizer utilization caused by yield Gap at different yield levels of winter wheat WANG Lihong, ZHANG Hongzhi, ZHANG Yueqiang, LI Jianfeng, WANG Zhong, GAO Xin, SHI Jia, WANG Chunsheng, XIA Jianqiang, FAN Zheru Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2152-2162.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.009 Abstract （2218）   HTML （6）    PDF （1072KB）（35）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To reveal the differences in the accumulation, transport and utilization of dry matter and nitrogen in winter wheat at different yield levels, and to provide a theoretical basis for reducing the yield difference and high-yielding cultivation of winter wheat in Xinjiang.【Methods】 The experiment was carried out in military households in Changji from 2018 to 2020 with Xindong 41 as the test material, and referring to the production practice in Xinjiang, different fertilization and cultivation management measures were used to simulate high yield I (SH: ≥9,000 kg/hm2), high-yield Ⅱ (HH: 7,500 kg/hm2~9,000 kg/hm2), farmers (FP: 6,000 kg/hm2~7,500 kg/hm2), basic (CK: ≤4,500 kg/hm2) four yield levels.Meanwhile, differences in nitrogen accumulation and transport, and nitrogen absorption and utilization were studied.【Results】 The results showed that the two-year average yield difference of SH, HH, FP and CK was 6,863.27 kg/hm2, 5,496.76 kg/hm2, 3,735.73kg/hm2.The number of harvested panicles and grains per panicle were as follows: SH>HH>FP>CK, and the 1000-grain weight was as follows: HH>SH>FP>CK.The difference of dry matter accumulation in flowering stage of SH, HH, FP and CK is 11,221.65 kg/hm2, 8,220.05 kg/hm2, 5,527.81 kg/hm2, and the difference in dry matter accumulation in mature stage was 16,026.10 kg/hm2, 11,918.25 kg/hm2, 7,645.80 kg/hm2, with the increase of the yield gap, the dry matter accumulation, pre-flowering dry matter transport, post-flowering dry matter accumulation and contribution to grains increased, and pre-flowering dry matter transport and contribution to grains increased; nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs and pre-flowering nitrogen transport in flowering and mature stages increased with the increase of yield level.Efficiency and nitrogen partial productivity were lower; correlation analysis showed that grain yield was significantly positively correlated with pre-flowering dry matter transport, post-flowering dry matter accumulation, pre-flowering nitrogen transport, nitrogen demand and nitrogen absorption efficiency was significantly positively correlated with nitrogen partial productivity.【Conclusion】 To reduce the yield difference, cultivation and management measures such as fertilization should be adopted, especially the drip irrigation of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in the late growth stage with water to increase the accumulation and transport rate of dry matter and nitrogen before flowering, the accumulation of dry matter after flowering, and increase nitrogen.In the technology of suitable harvesting panicle number, synergistically increases the number of grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Analysis of character variation and heterosis of F1 generation of different crosses in wheat FENG Mei, LIU Chaoqin, CHEN Jie, LIU Wenlong, YANG Zhigang, TIAN Jieying, HUANG Xin Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1858-1865.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.005 Abstract （2207）   HTML （7）    PDF （703KB）（38）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the rules of genetic variation and heterosis of F1 characters in wheat hybrids.【Methods】 The cross combination with Han 5316 was taken as female parent and six different wheat varieties as male parent and their female parent were used as materials in this study, variance analysis, correlation analysis and principal component analysis were used to analyze 7 phenotypic traits.【Results】 ①The average coefficient of variation of 7 traits ranged from 4.00%-17.71%, indicating that there were abundant genetic diversity in F1 hybrid progeny of wheat hybrids.②The heritability of F1 generation in wheat was different.The heritability of spike length, grains per spike, spike grain weight and 1000-grain weight was the highest, which was more than 100%; ③ The percentage of heterosis was -32.95%-99.13%, and the heterosis of different combinations was different; ④ The 7 characters all affected each other, and the spike grain weight, grains per spike and 1000-grain weight had a greater influence.【Conclusion】 Two excellent hybrid combinations 18-4 and 18-5 were selected by principal component analysis, and their progenies were characterized by long spike, more grains per spike and larger grains per spike. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of chasing rate during peak nutrient uptake of transport under n Reduction on spring wheat LI Huaisheng, AI Hongyu, MENG Ling, WANG Heya, ZHANG Lei, AI Haifeng Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1866-1872.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.006 Abstract （2195）   HTML （10）    PDF （703KB）（30）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To provide a basis for reasonable nitrogen reduction in high-yield and high-quality cultivation of spring wheat under drip irrigation in Northern Xinjiang and to determine the amount of nitrogen fertilizer from nodulation to flowering.【Methods】 Xinchun 43 was taken as the test material, on the basis of investigating the nitrogen application amount of 390 kg / hm2 in 213 agricultural households, three nitrogen application levels (312, 270 and 234 kg / hm2) and the operation research ratio from nodulation to flowering (7∶3, 5∶5 and 6∶4) were set according to the nitrogen reduction of 20%, 30% and 40%, to study the effect of the transport ratios from nodulation to flowering on drip irrigated spring wheat.【Results】 Under the condition of N1, the yield of R3 was the highest, which was increased by 7.4% and 3.7% compared with those of R1 and R2.The dry matter accumulation increased by 13.9%, 17.5%, 26.2% and 10.3% compared with that of R1, and 7.7%, 3.6%, 10.6% and 2.6% compared with R2 in each period, respectively; There was no significant difference in assimilation transport before and after anthesis, and the leaf area index was R3 > R2 > R1.Under N2 condition, the yield was consistent with that under N1 condition.The dry matter accumulation was R2 > R1 > R3 in each period.The assimilation transport before and after flowering showed a trend of "increasing first and then decreasing", which reached the maximum in R2, 2,614.35 and 6,284.79 kg / hm2 respectively.The leaf area index was R3 > R2 > R1.Under the condition of N3, the yield of R2 was significantly higher than those of R1 and R3, with an increase of 25.4% and 32.0%, respectively.The dry matter accumulation increased by 4.8%, 10.8%, 8.5% and 23.2% compared with that of R1.The assimilates content before and after anthesis of R3 was maximum at 2,242.32 kg/hm2, which increased by 50.6% and 36.8% compared with R1 and R2, respectively, and the leaf area index showed R2>R1>R3.【Conclusion】 The pure nitrogen 234 kg/hm2 and the N fertilizer transportation ratio of 6:4 from nodulation to flowering are more suitable for spring wheat production under the conditions of this experiment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Responses of photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation and yield to drought stress in winter wheat at jointing stage WANG Xiaoyu, WANG Xiaoping, SHI Wenyu, LIU Meiyan, MA Jian, GUO Yunpeng, SONG Ruixin, WANG Qingtao Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2163-2172.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.010 Abstract （2135）   HTML （3）    PDF （1479KB）（46）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter accumulation, yield to drought stress in the hope of providing a theoretical basis for spring irrigation schedule of winter wheat.【Methods】 A pot culture experiment was conducted with four soil moisture gradients containing full irrigation (CK), mild drought(T1), moderate drought(T2) and severe drought(T3) in winter wheat at jointing stage in the study.【Results】 The results showed that highest leaf water use efficiency of winter wheat at jointing stage was observed in T2.The trend of net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomata conductance, intercellular carbon dioxide concentration and chlorophyll content decreased with increasing of drought stress.The rank of the effect of drought stress on fluorescence parameters including Fv/Fm, Fv/Fo and Fm/Fo was that: T1 > CK > T2 > T3.Compared with CK, dry matter accumulation of underground increased by 11.8% and 3.0% in T1 and T2, however, which decreased by 4.0% in T3.The proportion of underground dry matter in T1, T2 and T3 treatment increased by 4.0%, 6.0% and 11.0%, respectively.With respect to the performance of irrigation water use efficiency, it was the highest in T1 and the grain yield increased slightly.In terms of grain yield, it was significantly lower than CK by 14.8% and 42.4% (P<0.05)both in T2 and T3, in turn, which increased somewhat in T1.According to the results of Pearson correlation analysis, leaf water use efficiency was significantly (P< 0.05) positively correlated with total dry matter accumulation, grain yield and irrigation water use efficiency, furthermore, a significant(P< 0.01) positive correlation was detected between leaf water use efficiency and dry matter accumulation of aboveground, but a significant(P< 0.01) negative correlation was found between leaf water use efficiency and intercellular carbon dioxide concentration.【Conclusion】 Under the mild drought treatment, the jointing winter wheat is adapted to the drought environment by regulating photosynthesis and increasing the underground accumulation of some dry matter and its proportion, thus improving the grain yield and irrigation water utilization efficiency.However, with the aggravation of drought stress, the photosynthetic rate of winter wheat decrease obviously, which lead to reducing dry matter accumulation and ultimately lead to the reduction of winter wheat yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Influence of sowing dates on cotton seedling aphid population dynamics and cotton yield in the yellow river basin LI Yaofa, AN Jingjie, DOU Ya'nan, SUN Xiaonuo, ZHANG Qian, LIU Chunhong, DANG Zhihong, GAO Zhanlin Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (10): 2496-2500.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.019 Abstract （2056）   HTML （2）    PDF （673KB）（33）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 The population of cotton aphid migrating from overwintering host to cotton field and the environmental conditions in the Yellow River Basin are important factors for the damage caused by this aphid. The paper aims to clarify the effect of sowing date on the aphid population dynamics and cotton yield.【Methods】 Effects of the sowing date April 16, April 26 and May 6 on the aphid population dynamics and cotton yield parameters were studied in cotton field of southern Hebei Province. 【Results】 The results showed that the cotton emergence rate increased with the delay of sowing period, and the cotton emergence rates on April 26 and May 6 were significantly higher than that on April 16. There was an obvious peak of cotton aphids in spring occurrence and a rapid decrease of aphid quantity in the treatments of April 16 and April 26, while there was no obvious peak of Aphids in spring in the treatments of May 6. In terms of yield, cotton yield increased significantly from 3.94 kg (April 16) to 5.46 kg (May 6) with the delay of sowing period. 【Conclusion】 Postponing the sowing dates of cotton can play the role of protecting seedling, reducing early aphid damage and ensuring yield. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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EMS mutants of wheat hengguan 35 and identification of the mutants resistant to fusarium crown rot QIN Pengliang, ZHOU Xiao, Kahsay Tadesse Mawcha, WANG Shuang, LI Jiaqi, LIU Ying, ZHANG Na, YANG Wenxiang Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2231-2238.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.018 Abstract （1998）   HTML （4）    PDF （1079KB）（53）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Study EMS mutants of wheat hengguan 35 and identification of the mutants resistant to fusarium crown rot.【Methods】 In this study, different concentrations of ethyl methanesul fonate (EMS) were employed on wheat seeds of cultivar Hengguan 35.The untreated Hengguan 35 was used as the susceptible control, and Shiyou 17 was used as the moderately resistant control.Through artificial inoculation of Fusarium pseudograminearum, the resistance of the mutagenized material was identified, and the M3 generation material resistant to FCR was obtained by adding generation in the greenhouse.【Results】 The EMS concentration suitable for Hengguan 35 mutation was finally determined to be 0.4%, and seven mutants showing immunity at the plant stage were obtained from 106 M3 Hengguan 35 materials.The overall disease index of the mutant materials at seedling and adult stages was 34.93% and 34.62% lower than those of the susceptible control, respectively.【Conclusion】 After EMS mutation of wheat Hengguan 35, an appropriate mutation concentration of 0.4% was determined. A total of 7 immune resistant wheat FCR were screened from the M3 generation of the tested mutant varieties. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of different types of foliar fertilizers on grain yield and 1uality of winter wheat YANG Hongmei, ZHANG Yueqiang, SHI Yingwu, Omarjan Kurban, LIN Qing, WANG Ning, CHU Min, ZENG Jun Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2182-2188.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.012 Abstract （1936）   HTML （10）    PDF （835KB）（45）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 This project aims to study the effects of spraying different types of foliar fertilizers on grain yield and quality of winter wheat in the hope of providing references for leaf formula fertilization and high-efficiency production of winter wheat.【Methods】 The wheat cultivars Xindong No.20 was used as testing material.Under field conditions, four treatments including Duntianbao, KH2PO4+ CO(NH2)2, Photosynthetic bacteria (PSB) fertilizer, CK (spraying water) were set during grain filling stage.The grain yield, component factors and grain quality of winter wheat were determined.【Results】 Compared with CK, all the three kinds of foliar fertilizers could significantly increase the grain yield of wheat, and the yield-increasing effects of foliar fertilizer on the wheat was Duntianbao > KH2PO4+ CO(NH2)2 > PSB fertilizer, and their growth rates reached by 7.46%, 6.08% and 5.15%, respectively.Through the analysis of yield components, it was found that the three foliar fertilizer treatments could increase the grain yield of wheat mainly by increasing the 1,000-grain weight and kernels weight per spike.Among the three foliar fertilizers, the performance of PSB fertilizer in improving the grain quality of wheat was slightly better than those of KH2PO4+CO(NH2)2 and Duntianbao.Compared with CK, three kinds of foliar fertilizer significantly increased wheat grain protein content and stabilization time, in addition, PSB fertilizer significantly increased wheat grain wet gluten content.【Conclusion】 Therefore, proper application of foliar fertilizer in grain filling stage is an effective technical measure for high quality and yield of winter wheat, among which, PSB fertilizer can significantly improve the grain yield and quality of wheat, so it can be used as an environment-friendly fertilizer for wheat production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of mulch film types on cotton growth and analysis of self-degradation recycling characteristics CHEN Maoguang, LIN Tao, ZHANG Hao, LIU Haijun, WANG Yifan, TANG Qiuxiang Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2101-2108.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.003 Abstract （1566）   HTML （17）    PDF （1019KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Scientific evaluation of the influence of different types of plastic film on cotton growth and its own degradation and recycling characteristics.【Methods】 In this study, the polyethylene mulch (CK) was used as the control, and the recyclable high-strength mulch (G) and four degradable mulches (J1, J2, J3 and J4) were set and their effects on cotton growth and yield, recycling effects and field degradation were compared and analyzed in order to screen out the green production mulch with excellent comprehensive performance.【Results】 The height and stem diameter of CK treatment at bud stage and flowering stage were 62.08 cm, 7.36 cm and 103.75 cm, 10.36 cm, respectively.The plant height of degraded mulch film treatment was 4.66%-13.21% lower than that of CK, and there was no significant difference in plant height and stem diameter between G treatment and CK.In terms of yield performance, the aboveground biomass of CK treatment at bud stage, flowering stage and boll stage were 17.77, 43.36 and 744.97 g/plant, respectively.G treatment was 7.45%-19.90% higher than CK at all growth stages, and was significantly higher than degraded film.Single boll weight and seed cotton yield of CK treatment were 5.37, 5.18 g and 5,642.14 kg / hm2, respectively.Compared with CK, the boll weight of G treatment was significantly reduced by 0.23 g/plant, but the number of bolls per plant was significantly increased by 0.94 per plant, and the yield was significantly increased by 620.91 kg/hm2, an increase of 11.00%.There were no significant differences in boll number per plant, boll weight per plant and yield between the treatment of degraded mulch film and CK, but they were significantly reduced by 0.22-0.47, 0.15-0.30 g and 8.75%-15.22%, respectively.The recovery rates of G and CK were 82.81% and 92.16%, but G treatment was 9.35% higher than CK.The degradation rate of J2 treatment was 89.49%, which was 6.67% lower than that of CK.【Conclusion】 Degradation film treatment cost is lower than that of polyethylene film yield, but it needs further improvement.The total recycle of high-strength mulch film can increase the cotton yield by 620.91 kg/hm2, increased by 11.00%, and the recovery rate increased by 9.35%, which has good application potential, and can be used as a new type of green, safe and environmentally friendly mulch film in cotton field for large-scale extension. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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SSR fingerprinting and genetic diversity analysis of 26 fresh jujube cultivars ZHANG Yanfei, Subina Xaokelaiti, YANG Lei, HAO Qing, JIN Juan, FAN Dingyu Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (7): 1671-1678.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.013 Abstract （1530）   HTML （8）    PDF （729KB）（37）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 This experiment aims to construct the fingerprint map on 26 fresh jujube germplasm resources and analyze their genetic diversity in the hope of providing a reference for fresh jujube variety identification and genetic diversity analysis.【Methods】 A total of 26 fresh jujube varieties were analyzed using 22 SSR primers and polymorphic by fluorescent M13 capillary electrophoresis that amplified 130 allelic fragments with an average of 5.909.【Results】 The polymorphic information content (PIC) varied from 0.237,7 to 0.855,6, with an average of 0.59.The heterozygosity for 22 SSR primers ranged from 0.500 to 1.000, with an average of 0.927.The combination of three primer pairs, BFU0308, BFU1157 and BFU0574, could completely distinguish the 26 jujube varieties.【Conclusion】 The genetic similarity coefficient of the 26 varieties is between 0.65 and 1.00, and the 26 varieties can be divided into two major groups at 0.65. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of different seedling emergence water on soil salt content and cotton growth WAN Yanan, XING Zhi, SHI Yuanqiang, WANG Tangang, WANG Jichuan, LI Huiqin, MA Li, LI Wenjun, WU Bingrong Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (10): 2352-2360.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.10.002 Abstract （1501）   HTML （28）    PDF （1320KB）（99）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 This study aims to study the effects of drip seedling emergence on soil salt characteristics and cotton growth in cotton field in southern Xinjiang under the condition of no irrigation in winter and spring.【Methods】 Xinluzhong 67 was taken as the test material, three seedling emergence water quantities, 150 m3/hm2 (W1), 300 m3/hm2 (W2) and 450 m3/hm2 (W3) respectively, were set to observe the dynamic changes of soil pH and salt content, cotton seedling emergence rate, agronomic characters, dry matter accumulation characteristics and yield characteristics.【Results】 The pH of topsoil treated with W3, W2 and W1 decreased by 0.57, 0.43 and 0.19, respectively at the seedling stage, and the salt content decreased by 44.19%, 38.70% and 28.72%, respectively, but the salt washing effect decreased gradually after the full bud stage.The emergence rate of W2 treatment was 87.31%, which increased by 11.44 and 5.78 percentage points respectively compared with W3 and W1.The greater the amount of seedling emergence water, the greater the index value of cotton agronomic characters.The plant height and stem diameter of W3 treatment increased by 2.71%, 8.31% and 5.15%, 8.18%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The average leaf area index (LAI) of W3 treatment increased by 7.57% and 11.46%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The total dry matter accumulation of shoot treated with W3 increased by 5.55% and 7.75%, respectively compared with W2 and W1.The dry matter distribution coefficient of stem was W1 > W2 > W3, and that of leaf and reproductive organ was W3 > W2 > W1.The amount of seedling emergence water had a certain impact on the number of bolls per plant, but had little impact on the boll weight and lint percentage.The number of bolls per plant, boll weight and lint percentage of W3 treatment were the largest, but the harvested density of W2 treatment was the largest, and the final yield of W2 treatment was the highest, but there was no significant difference with W3 treatment.【Conclusion】 Higher seedling emergence water can significantly reduce the pH value and salt content of soil surface during seedling emergence, promote the growth of cotton plant and the effective accumulation of dry matter, which is conducive to the formation of yield components per plant.However, too much irrigation will affect the seedling emergence rate.The yield is higher when the seedling emergence water of drip irrigation is 300~450 m3/hm2. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Gray correlation analysis of reast soybean yield correlation traits SHI Xiaolei, DING Sunlei, CONG Hua, ZHANG Jinbo, QU Kejia, WANG Xingzhou, HAN dai, YAN Yongliang Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (7): 1641-1652.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.010 Abstract （1488）   HTML （12）    PDF （844KB）（45）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 In order to select the high-yield summer sowing soybean varieties suitable for planting promotion in southern Xinjiang, the agronomic traits closely related to the summer sowing soybean yield were excavated.【Methods】 In 2021, the field comparison test of different replanted soybean varieties was conducted in Zepu County, Kashgar region, and the gray correlation analysis method was used to study the main agronomic traits and yield relationship of 23 summer soybean varieties. 【Results】 The highest yield of Jiyu 354 was 3,271.05 kg/hm2, followed by Jiyu 260 at 3,154.35 kg/hm2 and Jiyu 554 at 3,066.75 kg/hm2. The correlation between soybean yield and major agronomic traits was ranked from large to small as:plant height (0.731)> 100 grain weight (0.714)> bottom pod height (0.699)> pod number (0.678)> Single seed number (0.669)> individual pod number (0.646)> stalk diameter (0.636)> individual seed weight (0.633)> planting density (0.625)> reproductive period (0.614)> main stem branch (0.611). 【Conclusion】 The summer sowing soybean varieties suitable for planting in southern Xinjiang are Jiyu 354、Jiyu 260 and Jiyu 554, the agronomic traits closely related to the yield of summer sowing soybean in Xinjiang are mainly plant height and hundred grain weight. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Comparative study on the agronomic traits and yields of different soybean varieties YAN Yongliang, ZHANG Heng, QU Kejia, SHI Xiaolei, WANG Xingzhou, ZHANG Jinbo, CONG Hua Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (7): 1653-1662.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.011 Abstract （1319）   HTML （9）    PDF （945KB）（61）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To identify the adaptability and high yield of introduced soybean varieties (lines) in southern Xinjiang in the hope of providing a scientific basis for the replacement and popularization of wheat stubble soybean varieties in southern Xinjiang.【Methods】 The agronomic traits and yields of 27 new soybean varieties (lines) participating in the experiment were measured, and the methods of variance analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used for comprehensive identification and evaluation.【Results】 The variety with the highest yield was SC15-11, with a yield of 266.995 kg/667m2, an increase of 47.872% compared with the control.Yield had a very significant positive correlation with the number of seeds per plant (P<0.01), and a very significant positive correlation with the number of effective pods per plant (P<0.01).When the Euclidean distance was 5.00, all materials could be divided into 3 groups, namely high-yield, middle-yield and low-yield varieties.【Conclusion】 According to the test results, SC15-11, JO14 and Jidou 22 have outstanding comprehensive traits and can be planted for testing in southern Xinjiang. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of extreme high temperature environment on photosynthetic characteristics of Junzao and Fucuimi YANG Xiaojuan, JIN Juan, FAN Dingyu, HAO Qing, YANG Lei, GENG Wenjuan Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (7): 1679-1688.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.014 Abstract （1309）   HTML （9）    PDF （1604KB）（22）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the photosynthetic characteristics of jujube leaves of different varieties in response to extreme high temperature in the hope of laying a foundation for stress resistance, high yield and efficient cultivation of jujube trees.【Methods】 The two varieties with obvious high temperature resistance and the changes of high temperature stress were measured by Li-6400 photosynthetic meter at the day temperature / night temperature of 42℃ / 30℃. 【Results】 High temperature made the stomata of Junzao leaves closed, reduced the gas exchange inside and outside the cells, thus less CO2 going into the cells, and the water utilization efficiency was reduced, both of which could not meet the needs of photosynthesis, resulting in the reduction of leaf photosynthetic rate; The net photosynthetic rate (Pn) of jujube leaves did not change significantly during the continuous 7 d high temperature stress, the net photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate was significantly positively correlated (P<0.01), net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO2 concentration was of significant negative correlation (P<0.01), so that the stoma was not completely closed, and there was still gas exchange.The leaves transpirated through the pores, taking away part of the heat to reduce the leaf temperature, reducing the impact of high temperature on the photosynthesis of Fucuimi jujube leaves.During the continuous high temperature stress period, the photosynthesis weekly change of the leaves in different branches of the jujube was always higher than that of the Junzao, and the jujube had a stronger ability to adapt to the high temperature stress.The shoots of jujube are more photosynthesis than the leaves of biennial branches, with the strongest ability to adapt to high temperature stress.【Conclusion】 High temperature makes the water utilization efficiency and stomatal conductivity of jujube leaves decrease, which leads to the decrease of photosynthetic rate.The different branches of the leaves have stronger high temperature resistance, among which, the new leaves of Fucuimi have the strongest high temperature resistance, and can best adapt to the high temperature environment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Evaluation of saline/alkali tolerance of new transgenic High-Yield cotton at germination and seedling stages SONG Bingmei, JIANG Yan, CHEN Xin, ZHANG Yu, CHENG Wannan, PAN Hongsheng Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (9): 2239-2247.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.09.019 Abstract （1294）   HTML （5）    PDF （891KB）（36）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 This study aims to explore the effects of saline/alkali stress on the growth and development of new transgenic high-yield cotton at germination stage and seedling stage, and evaluate its saline/alkali tolerance. 【Methods】 In this project, transgenic Bn-csRRM2 high-yield cotton HN9311 and CCRI-12 (parent control) were used as study materials, the values and differences of growth and development related indexes were calculated and analyzed under saline stress (150 mmol/L NaCl) and alkali stress (70 mmol/L NaHCO3). 【Results】 Except the number of true leaves and root/shoot, the other direct indexes of HN9311 at germination stage and seedling stage significantly decreased under saline stress and alkali stress when compared with those of CCRI-12; Except for relative hypocotyl length and relative germination index under alkali stress at germination stage, and relative root/shoot under alkali stress at seedling stage, the other relative indexes of HN9311 at germination and seedling stages were significantly lower than or equal to those of CCRI-12; The relative saline/alkali damage rates of HN9311 at germination stage were 27.00% and 21.00%, and those of CCRI-12 were 22.75% and 23.00%. The relative saline damage rate of HN9311was significantly higher than that of CCRI-12. 【Conclusion】 Saline/alkali stress has a significant inhibitory effect on the growth and development of HN9311 at germination stage and seedling stage. HN9311 is more sensitive to alkali stress at seedling stage when compared with saline stress, saline tolerance at germination stage and saline/alkali tolerance at seedling stage were lower than those of CCRI-12. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of Different Film Mulching Width on Cotton Farmland Environment LI Xueling, GUO Junxian, CHEN Li, SONG Heling, ZHANG Zhong Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1840-1847.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.003 Abstract （1264）   HTML （19）    PDF （1265KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To further study the effects of different film mulching width on soil moisture content and soil temperature at 0 ~ 60 cm soil depth during the whole growth period of cotton.【Methods】 The soil moisture monitor was used to monitor the real-time situation of soil moisture and temperature.At the same time, the soil volume and water content of six consecutive soil layer depths (one layer per 10 cm) and the soil temperature of six consecutive soil layer depths (one layer per 10 cm) were monitored simultaneously.According to the cotton fertility stage, the daily ground temperature and water changes of the cotton seedling period, bud period, flower bell period and spitting catkins period were read, respectively.Through information monitoring, the effects of 4.4 m ultra wide film and 2.05 m wide film on soil moisture and temperature were analyzed.【Results】 The diurnal variation trend of ground temperature of 4.4 m ultra wide film was consistent with that of 2.05 m wide film at the depth of 0 ~ 60 cm soil layer.The soil temperature was mainly affected by the atmospheric temperature at the surface and 10 cm underground.At this time, the surface temperature was also high due to the high solar radiation intensity.At the later stage of cotton growth, the temperature of different soil layers gradually decreased, and the soil temperature of 4.4 m ultra wide film lagged behind that of 2.05 m wide film.From cotton seedling stage to flowering and bolling stage, the average temperature below the middle soil depth was negatively correlated with the average water content.【Conclusion】 Ultra wide film has the ability of increasing temperature and water retention, can improve soil hydrothermal conditions, accelerate cotton growth and development, and has remarkable yield increasing effect.It can be used for popularization and trial in northern Xinjiang. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effect of citric acid soluble calcium magnesium fertilizer on calcium and magnesium absorption and quality of processing tomato PU Min, RUAN Xiangyang, XIAO Lele, SUO Changkai, CHEN Guoyong, YE Jun, GAO Bo Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (8): 1987-1995.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.020 Abstract （1236）   HTML （3）    PDF （1120KB）（29）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the effects of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer on calcium and magnesium absorption and quality of processing tomato fruit, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer under calcareous soil conditions.【Methods】 With processing tomato as experimental material and no calcium and magnesium fertilizer as control (CK), three calcium and magnesium fertilizer dosage were set: 450 kg/hm2 (C450), 900 kg/hm2 (C900), 1,800 kg/hm2 (C1,800).After that, the content of calcium and magnesium, quality and the incidence of umbilical rot were determined, and the quality was evaluated comprehensively.【Results】 The application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer could significantly promote the absorption of calcium and magnesium in fruits, increase the absorption rate and reduce the incidence of umbilical rot.Compared with the control, different ratios of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer could significantly increase the weight of single fruit, color index, pulp thickness, soluble sugar and VC content, and significantly reduce the content of nitrate.When the sugar acid ratio of fruits were under C1,800 treatment, pulp thickness and VC content reached the highest, which were 55.01%, 29.51% and 18.86% higher than those of CK, respectively, and the nitrate content was the lowest.The incidence of umbilical rot was 37.43%, 19.11% and 8.63% lower than those of CK, C450 and C900, respectively.【Conclusion】 The application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer in calcareous soil can significantly promote the absorption of calcium and magnesium by fruits, thus reducing the incidence of umbilical rot and improving the quality of processing tomato.To sum up, the effect of applying 1,800 kg/hm2 is the best. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）