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Study on establishment and optimization of rapid tissue culture propagation technology of three wine grape cultivars YANG Bo, WANG Hao, CHEN Yongwei, HA Rong, JIN Wei, XU Can, ZHANG Min, YANG Guili, YANG Hongbo, MA Wenli Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 109-117.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.012 Abstract （1029）   HTML （9）    PDF （1093KB）（26）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 In order to improve the quality of wine grape seedlings and the breeding speed of improved varieties,the tissue culture virus-free and rapid propagation technology system of wine grape varieties Dunkelfelder T,Petit Verdot and Sauvignon Blanc was preliminarily established.Which has provided the basis for improving the quality of seedlings of small wine grape varieties and rapid propagation. 【Methods】 Three one-year axillary buds of wine grape were used as explants,and the orthogonal test design was used to explore the effects of different disinfection methods on the survival rate of explants,and the effects of different concentrations of 6-BA,IBA,NAA and different combinations of media on the germination,proliferation and rooting of axillary buds. 【Results】 The results showed that the survival rate of axillary buds could be improved and the pollution rate could be reduced by 10% sodium hypochlorite disinfection for 7.5min,75% ethanol disinfection for 30 s,and 0.1% HgCl2 disinfection for 10min; When the sterilized explants were inoculated into MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.05 mg/L NAA,the germination rate was the highest. When the sterile new buds of the start-up culture were added into the 1/2MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 6-BA and 0.3 mg/L IBA,the clustered buds had the best proliferation effect. When the single buds after the proliferation culture were put into the 1/2MS rooting medium supplemented with 0.4 mg/L IBA and 0.4 mg/L NAA,the overall quality of rooting of tissue culture seedlings reached the best effect. 【Conclusion】 The technical system of tissue culture and rapid propagation and virus-free of three wine grape varieties has been preliminarily established. The heat treatment combined with shoot tip for virus-free of tissue culture seedlings was applied in the experiment,and the results showed that this method could remove most of grape viruses. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Response of seed vigor to harvest time and spike parts of wheat ZHANG Lulu, LI Peng, ZHANG Jinshan, JIA Yonghong, LUO Siwei, LI Dandan, WANG Kai, SHI Shubing Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2719-2726.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.015 Abstract （936）   HTML （5）    PDF （790KB）（47）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To probe the response of seed vigor to wheat harvesting period and spike parts.【Methods】 Xinchun 37 was selected as material and harvested 15 (A15), 20 (A20), 25 (A25), 30 (A30), 35 (A35), 40 (A40) and 45 d (A45) after anthesis, respectively. The panicle parts were divided into six levels: basal (L), middle (M1, M2) and upper (U1, U2 and U3). The seed physical characters, vigor indexes, seedling and root traits of spring wheat were measured.【Results】 (1) With the delay of harvest, the width, area, 1,000-seed weight and specific gravity of seeds increased significantly; The seed length, seedling height, seedling dry fresh weight, root length, root surface area, root volume, root average diameter and seed vigor index increased first and then decreased, and the seed vigor index showed the following order: A40 (A35) >A45>A30>A25>A20>A15. (2) The germination potential and germination rate of seeds harvested from 35 d to 40 d after anthesis were above 90%, and the seed vigor indices of different panicle locations were as follows: middle panicle (M1, M2) > base panicle (L) > upper panicle (U1, U2 and U3). 【Conclusion】 The correlation between basal seed vigor and root mean diameter, seed vigor and thousand seed weight in the middle of the spike, and seed vigor and specific gravity in the upper part of the spike are all high, indicating that seed vigor in the three spike parts is an important indicator for selecting the comprehensive seed vigor. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of phosphorus fertilizer application methods on growth and phosphorus fertilizer utilization efficiency of drip irrigation wheat CHEN Chuanxin, ZHANG Yongqiang, NIE Shihui, Sailihan Sai, XU Qijiang, ZHANG Hongzhi, LEI Junjie Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2712-2718.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.014 Abstract （866）   HTML （20）    PDF （739KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the effects of different phosphorus application methods on the growth of drip irrigation wheat and the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer in order to provide reference for the efficient utilization of phosphorus fertilizer in drip irrigation wheat.【Methods】 Under the condition of field drip irrigation, winter wheat Xindong 41 was used as the experimental material. Under the condition of equal amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, six phosphorus fertilizer application methods were set: F0: no phosphorus application, F1:100% basic application, F2:75% basic application + 25% topdressing, F3:50% basic application + 50% topdressing, F4:25% basic application + 75% topdressing and F5:100% topdressing to study the effects of different phosphorus application methods on dry matter, nutrient accumulation, yield and phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate of wheat. 【Results】 Phosphorus application significantly increased the dry matter and nutrient accumulation of wheat and increased the yield. Phosphorus application treatment increased the number of ears, grains per ear and 1,000-grain weight. The number of ears, grains per ear and 1,000-grain weight of phosphorus application treatment increased by 5.93%-23.99%, 0.32%-8.76% and 1.78%-6.45% respectively compared with F0 treatment. There were differences in wheat yield and components under different phosphorus application treatments. The number of panicles, grains per panicle and 1,000 grain weight of F3 treatment were the best. The yield of F3 treatment was 10.21% higher than that of F5 treatment, and the difference was significant. The phosphorus fertilizer utilization rate, partial productivity and agronomic efficiency of F3 treatment increased by 11.00%, 4.81 kg/kg and 4.80 kg/kg respectively compared with F1 treatment. 【Conclusion】 F3 treatment (50% basal application + 50% topdressing) has the best performance in population yield components and reaches high fertilizer utilization rate. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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The influence of sowing rate on dry matter sccumulation, grain filling characteristics and yield of dryland spring wheat LUO Xiaoying, FANG Yanfei, SUN Tingting, TANG Jianghua, WANG Luzhen, TANG Tian, WANG Chen, XU Wenxiu Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2704-2711.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.013 Abstract （838）   HTML （19）    PDF （948KB）（50）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Find out the suitable sowing rate for dryland agricultural areas under the extreme drought conditions spring wheat in Xinjiang.【Methods】 The single factor randomized block experiment design was adopted in this experiment, the effects of different sowing rates on dry matter accumulation, grain filling characteristics and yield of spring wheat in dryland were studied by setting four sowing rates: 150 kg/hm2(D1),225 kg/hm2(D2),300 kg/hm2(D3),375 kg/hm2(D4).【Results】 The results showed that the dry matter accumulation per plant of wheat decreased with the increase of sowing rate, and each treatment reached the peak at the filling stage; With the increase of sowing rate, the duration of rapid increase period and slow increase period and grouting duration were significantly shortened, and the average grouting rate decreased; If the sowing rate is too large, the grouting rate and maximum grouting rate in the rapid increase period and slow increase period decrease, the time to reach the maximum grouting rate is advanced, and the grouting duration is shortened; The panicles of wheat increased with the increase of sowing rate, and the number of grains per panicle, grain weight per panicle and yield decreased with the increase of sowing rate; The highest yield of D1 treatment was 1,659.28 kg/hm2, which was significantly increased by 9.94%, 12.84% and 35.72% compared with the other three treatments.【Conclusion】 The minimum sowing rate of wheat in this area is 150 kg/hm2. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Identification of TRM gene family and fiber quality related excellent haplotype analysis in Gossypium hirsutum L. WANG Kaidi, GAO Chenxu, PEI Wenfeng, YANG Shuxian, ZHANG Wenqing, SONG Jikun, MA Jianjiang, WANG Li, YU Jiwen, CHEN Quanjia Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (3): 521-536.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.001 Abstract （713）   HTML （45）    PDF （2167KB）（84）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Identification of TRM gene family and fiber quality related excellent haplotype analysis in Gossypium hirsutum L.【Methods】 Bioinformatics was used to analyze the evolutionary relationship,physicochemical properties and cluster expression of TRM gene families.Candidate genes regulating fiber quality traits(fiber length,strength,and Macron value) were screened by gene haplotype analysis.【Results】 The analysis of physicochemical properties showed that the amino acids encoded by this family gene ranged from 376-1,093,with isoelectric points ranging from 4.64-9.56.Subcellular localization predicted that up to 60 TRM family genes were localized in the nucleus.The results of cis-acting element analysis showed that TRM gene family contained more elements related to light response,hormone response,stress response and growth and development.Transcriptome data showed that 60 TRM family genes were expressed preferentially during fiber development,which might regulate cotton fiber development.Furthermore,1,245 upland cotton materials were used to genotype TRM,and the number of haplotypes of each gene was found to be 1-8,and 14,18 and 15 excellent haplotype TRM genes related to fiber length,strength and Macron value were screened,respectively.Among them,11 genes had excellent haplotypes of length,strength and micronotype.The Hap_4 haplotype of GH_D09G0775 and the Hap_3 haplotype of GH_D03G1434 increased fiber length and strength while decreasing the Macron value.【Conclusion】 In this study,75 TRM family members were identified on 24 chromosomes in upland cotton(Gossypium hirsutum L.),which were systematically divided into cluster evolution Ⅰ-Ⅲ3 subtribe. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Diversity evaluation of machine-picked agronomic traits in Gossypium barbadense L. germplasm resources HUANG Xinglei, WANG Weiran, WANG Meng, ZHU Jiahui, LIN Feng, QIN Guoli, YANG Jing, Alifu Aierxi, WU Quanzhong, KONG Jie Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 1-8.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.001 Abstract （668）   HTML （36）    PDF （970KB）（88）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 The agronomic characters of sea island cotton germplasm resources were analyzed in order to provide candidate materials for its parent selection and variety cultivation in the future. 【Methods】 125 sea island cotton germplasm resources with zero fruit branches were selected to analyze the coefficient of variation,genetic diversity,correlation,principal component and agronomic characters. 【Results】 Indicating that the 125 sea island cotton germplasm resources in this study had great differences and were rich in germplasm diversity.The coefficient of variation of 12 characters was between 3.54% and 23.85%,and the genetic diversity index between 1.96 and 2.10.The results of correlation analysis showed that there was an extremely significant positive correlation between plant height and initial fruit branch height,initial fruit branch node position and boll weight,extremely significant positive correlation between initial fruit branch height and initial fruit branch node position and boll weight,and extremely significant positive correlation between middle fruit branch length and middle fruit branch length. The length of the lower fruit branch and the angle between the lower fruit branch were significantly positively correlated,so it is necessary to consider each other and analyze comprehensively when cultivating cotton varieties picked by machine. By principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of 12 agronomic characters divided into 6 principal components reached 78.59%,which were plant height factor,fruit branch factor,stem diameter factor,lint percentage factor,boll number factor and boll weight factor. The germplasm resources of sea island cotton were divided into five groups by cluster analysis. The fifth group showed good mechanical picking characters,and the representative varieties were Xinhai 43,Xinhai 55,Shihezi V7-4,K426,Xin78,16DJC01,Xinku K2442 and Xinku 198-1. 【Conclusion】 The 125 resources are rich in diversity,and the clustering analysis of the fifth group shoes that it has good machine-harvestability,and 21 breeding materials with good machine-harvestability were obtained,which could be used as the basic machine-picked materials. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of different planting patterns and varieties on the production of photosynthetic substances in cotton and the impact of output SUN Minghui, Yeerlan Muhetar, ZHAI Menghua, LI Xuerui, XU Xinlong, ZHANG Jusong Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (3): 537-546.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.03.002 Abstract （635）   HTML （23）    PDF （1216KB）（85）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the effects of different planting modes and variety interactions on the production of photosynthetic substances and yield of cotton.【Methods】 A field experiment was conducted in Hailou Town,Shaya County,Southern Xinjiang in 2022.Two machine harvesting planting modes were selected,namely "one film with three rows of 76 cm equal row spacing" and "one film with six rows(66+10) cm wide and narrow row spacing".Four cotton varieties with different plant types and structures,Yuanmian 11,Xinluzhong 80,Xinluzhong 84,and J206-5,were extensively cultivated in Southern Xinjiang and the effects of different planting modes and variety interactions on cotton growth process,plant morphology,leaf area index,canopy opening,net photosynthetic rate,dry matter accumulation,and yield were analyzed.【Results】 The growth period of one film with three rows was shortened by 3-7 days compared to one film with six rows,and the plant height and height of the initial fruit branch were greatly affected by the planting mode.In the early stage of cotton growth,one film with three rows was more conducive to cotton production and development compared to one film with six rows.The LAI and Pn of each variety showed that one film with three rows was greater than one film with six rows.However,in the later stage of growth,different cotton varieties of different plant types performed differently.The loose type Yuanmian 11 and J206-5 maintain higher LAI and Pn under one film with three rows,while the compact plant types Xinluzhong 80 and Xinluzhong 84 performed better under one film with six rows.This in turn affected the formation of photosynthetic substances and yield.Yuanmian 11 and J206-5 increased their yield by 15.98% to 16.37% compared to one film and six rows,while Xinluzhong 80 and Xinluzhong 84 increased their yield by 9.23%-12.00% compared to one film and three rows.【Conclusion】 Different cotton varieties should choose suitable planting modes in order to further unleash their potential for yield increase.Cotton varieties with loose plant types are suitable for planting at a spacing of 76 cm,while cotton varieties with compact plant types are suitable for planting in the(66+10) cm mode. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh YAO Jun, QIN Yong, ZHENG Heyun, ZHANG Cuihuan, Zaituna Maimaiti, WANG Zhiwei, GEN Xinli Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 118-126.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.013 Abstract （604）   HTML （6）    PDF （1135KB）（39）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore a non-toxic,safe,green,cheap and easy to obtain plant bacteriostatic material for storage and preservation of melon,and development of composite plastic film of extract from Ficus carica leaves and the cling film application in keeping melon fresh. 【Methods】 In this study,the extraction process of Ficus carica leaf extract with antibacterial effect was optimized. Response surface methodology was used to optimize the effects of ethanol concentration,ultrasonic time and solid-liquid ratio on the total flavonoids yield of Ficus carica leaf extract. The cross method was used to determine the antibacterial effect of the extract on fusarium and Alternaria of melon. The extraction agent of Ficus carica leaf was combined with membrane agent sodium alginate,antioxidant citric acid and sucrose ester,and the effects of each preparation on the decay rate and weight loss rate of melon during storage were optimized by orthogonal method. 【Results】 The optimal extraction parameters of Ficus carica leaf were as follows:ethanol concentration 79.73%,ultrasonic time 36.81 min,solid-liquid ratio 1∶24. Through range and variance analysis,the optimal composition of composite cling film for Ficus carica leaf extract of melon was determined as follows:80 mg/mL Ficus carica extract +1.5% sodium alginate +500 mg/L citric acid +0.5% sucrose ester. 【Conclusion】 Ficus carica leaf extract has a significant effect on inhibiting the main postharvest pathogenic fungi of melon,while Ficus carica leaf extract compound cling film has a significant effect on reducing the decay and weight loss rate of melon,so it can be used as a new green,healthy and low-value plant-derived fresh material for melon storage and preservation. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of different pre-cooling methods combined with 1-MCP on the preservation of local red globe grape LI Ziqin, LI Wenqi, WANG Jiwen, MA Xiaoning, ZHAO Zhiyong, DANG Fumin Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 92-100.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.010 Abstract （505）   HTML （13）    PDF （1374KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To determine the effects of different pre-cooling methods combined with 1-methylcyclopropene(1-MCP)on the pre-cooling rate and storage quality of Red Globe Grape. 【Methods】 Red Globe Grape was precooled by tunnel-type in-situ differential pressure precooling device,precooled storage turnover box and cold storage combined with 1.5 μL/L 1-MCP fumigation,no 1-MCP fumigation was used as control(CK). The fruits were stored at(0±0.5)℃,relative humidity 85%,and the changes of physiological indexes were measured every 20 days. 【Results】 The cooling rate of red grape treated by tunnel-type in-situ differential pressure precooling and pre-cool storage turnover box was significantly faster than that of cold storage,1.5 μL/L 1-MCP combined with tunnel differential pressure pre-cooling and pre-cool storage turnover box had lower fruit decay rate and granulation rate than that of 1-MCP combined with cold storage and CK. It had a positive effect on the retention of titratable acid(TA) and soluble solid(SSC) contents,inhibited the respiration intensity and malondialdehyde(MDA) content of the fruit,stimulated the activity of Peroxidase(POD),better maintained fruit quality and nutrients and effectively delayed the aging process of fruit. 【Conclusion】 1.5 μl/L 1-MCP combined with tunnel-type in-situ differential pressure precooling can better delay the post-ripening,softening and senescence process of Red Globe Grape,and maintain the fruit quality and nutritional components. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on fruit quality variation during ripening process of Thompson Seedless grapes HE Yawen, ZENG Bin, LI Mingkun, ZHONG Haixia, ZHANG Wen, ZHANG Chuan, WANG Min, WU Xinyu, ZHANG Fuchun Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (12): 2982-2992.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.014 Abstract （446）   HTML （8）    PDF （2223KB）（44）       Knowledge map    【Objective】To explore the changes of fruit quality during the ripening process of astringent Thompson Seedless grapes, and to provide a scientific basis for improving the economic benefits of the fruit for fresh eating.【Methods】The fruit sensory quality indexes and internal and external quality indexes were compared with those of normal Thompson Seedless as the control material and the fruit flavor quality was evaluated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Results】The results showed that the fraction of soluble solids and solid-acid ratio in Thompson Seedless grapes increased, the fraction of titratable acid and soluble protein decreased, and the content of total phenols, flavonoids and tannins increased and then decreased as the fruit matured and became astringent. The correlation analysis showed that total phenols, flavonoids, tannins, vitamin C and soluble protein content were highly significantly and positively correlated with bitterness intensity, and soluble solids content of astringent Thompson Seedless grapes was positively correlated with sweetness intensity.【Conclusion】The astringency of Thompson Seedless grape fruit is closely related to the type and content of phenolic substances. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Drought resistance identification and screening of 283 maize TANG Huaijun, XIE Xiaoqing, ZHANG Lei, SUN Baocheng, YANG Jie, LIU Cheng Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2687-2693.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.011 Abstract （440）   HTML （10）    PDF （1154KB）（60）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 In order to provide germplasm resources and theoretical basis for drought-resistant breeding, 283 maize material were selected for comprehensive evaluation of drought-resistance coefficient and yield in well-watered under water-stressed.【Methods】 Using the method of double selection of drought resistance coefficient and yield in well-watered, the changes of drought resistance, yield and phenotypic characteristics of maize in well-watered were analyzed and studied.【Results】 The results showed that under well-watered and water-stressed, the yield was normally distributed, the drought resistance coefficient showed skewed distribution, the average drought resistance coefficient was 0.617, and the stress intensity was 0.383. 15 excellent inbred lines and 3 crosses were selected for both high yield and drought resistance. The days of silking (58.5-71.0 days), plant height (150-208.1 cm), ear height (44.6-77.5 cm), number of grains per ear (295-502 grains per ear), and 100 grain weight (16.5-36.0 g) of inbred lines with excellent drought resistance in well-watered and yield per plant (60.4-90.5 g) showed certain range characteristics. The hybrids with excellent drought resistance had days of silking (61.5-63.0 days), plant height (275.6-287.8 cm), ear height (103.8-115.0 cm), number of grains per ear (538-692 grains per ear), and 100 grain weight (34.9-38.9 g) in well-watered and yield per plant (165.7-186.8 g) showed a certain range. The yield per plant and drought resistance of excellent drought resistant materials were higher than the average level, while the growth period, plant height, spike height, grain number per spike and hundred grain weight were lower than the average level. Grain number per spike and hundred grain weight had a complementary relationship. 【Conclusion】 A total of 18 excellent maize materials with high yield and drought resistance are selected. The yield per plant of 15 inbred lines in well-watered is not less than 60 g, and the drought resistance coefficient was not less than 0.8. The yield per plant of the 3 hybrid combinations in well-watered is not less than 160 g, and the drought tolerance index of the varieties is greater than 1.5. The 18 materials have high yield under normal irrigation conditions and strong drought resistance in terms of grain number per spike, which can be used in breeding. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Identification and comprehensive analysis of Verticillium wilt resistance in 35 cotton strains OUYANG Danhua, ZHAO Kang, SONG Dongbo, LIU Ziqing, GUO Wangzhen, LIU Yan, GU Aixing, Azhatiguli Maimaitituer, Alikaerjiang Amaier Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 9-18.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.002 Abstract （440）   HTML （32）    PDF （993KB）（53）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To select cotton strains with high quality,high yield and strong disease resistance. 【Methods】 35 cotton strains were taken as the research objects,and principal component and cluster analysis on 18 main characters of this population was conducted. 【Results】 The results showed that the coefficient of variation of agronomic traits of 35 cotton strains ranged from 1.67%(UI) to 43.10%(IR),among which the coefficient of variation of relative disease index(IR),boll number(TBN),effective boll number(EBN) and lint yield per plant(LYPP) were larger. The relative disease indexes of 1(4-13),2(4-22),10(4-2-7-3) and 16(10Q-67-3) were lower than 20,indicating strong resistance to Verticillium wilt; That there was no correlation between lint yield per plant and each character,and there was restriction between lint yield and quality character. The five principal components were 5.334,3.423,3.105,1.298 and 1.105,respectively,and the contribution rates were 29.636%,19.019%,17.249%,7.214% and 6.141%,respectively,with the cumulative contribution rate reaching 79.259%. 35 materials were divided into four categories,the group I and group II strains showed excellent quality,strong disease resistance,but low yield. The group Ⅲ strains showed high yield,but poor quality and weak disease resistance. The group Ⅳ of strains showed resistance to the disease,but the yield and quality were slightly lower. 【Conclusion】 The intersection of the top 10 F scores of each group and principal component was selected,and the excellent material No.21(37-129-3) and No.30(44-17-8) were selected. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of agronomic characters and photosynthetic parameters of glyphosate on sea island cotton QIN Guoli, WANG Weiran, WANG Meng, YANG Jing, HUANG Xinglei, LIU Zhiqing, ZHU Jiahui, Alifu Aierxi, KONG Jie, CHEN Guodong Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (12): 2861-2868.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.001 Abstract （422）   HTML （36）    PDF （1491KB）（170）       Knowledge map    【Objective】To study the effects of agronomical character and leaf photosynthetic parameters by different concentrations of glyphosate on glyphosate island cotton in the hope of providing chemical skills for weeding.【Methods】Using glyphosate-resistant Xinchangmian 5 as the research object and spraying four concentrations of glyphosate1.25%, 2.5%, 5.0%, 10.0% at 10 leaf stage, respectively, then plant height, stem diameter, leaf stage and photosynthetic indexes were measured.【Results】Compared with the control, plant height, stem diameter, leaf stage, chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (Tr), maximum photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ(Fv/Fm) and potential activity of PSⅡ(Fv/Fo) with treated by four concentrations of glyphosate were all decreased in sea island cotton. The glyphosate with higher concentrations, the more dramatic decline. However, the intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) showed an increasing trend. The treatment by 1.25% and 2.5% had no difference with control after 14 days of spraying, and the agronomic traits returned to the normal level after 24 days.【Conclusion】The growth trends reduce significantly by spraying 4 concentrations of glyphosate at the bud stage. More than 5% concentration of glyphosate affect the growth seriously sea island cotton Xinchangmian 5, so it is suggested that concentration below 2.5% of glyphosate be applied in production. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of six copper preparations on growth index, yield and quality of major melons YANG Zhiyi, WANG Huilin, WANG Rui, WANG Chaonan, XU Baolin, QIU Huojian Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (12): 3008-3017.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.016 Abstract （360）   HTML （9）    PDF （1282KB）（72）       Knowledge map    【Objective】To study the effects of six copper preparations on the main vine length, stem diameter, maximum functional leaf area, maximum functional leaf node position, relative chlorophyll content SPAD value, single melon weight, central sugar content, diseased leaf rate and copper damage index of melon. By comparing the influence of the six copper preparations on melon copper damage, the best agent among the six copper preparations was selected to provide a reference for the safe use of copper preparations in muskmelon production.【Methods】Through field experiments, six kinds of copper preparations with different concentrations were sprayed on the leaf surface at the melon seedling stage, the growth indicators such as the length of the main vine and the maximum functional leaf area of stem diameter were measured, and the diseased leaves were counted at the peak of copper damage in melon rate and copper damage index.【Results】The six kinds of copper preparations had little effect on various growth indexes and single melon weight when diluted 1,000 times. Among them, 46% could kill 3,000 WP. The rate of diseased leaves and copper damage index were 9% and 14.83; except for B4 and C4 treatments, the 6 kinds of copper preparations with different dilution times had no significant effect on the sugar content in the center of melon; When the six copper preparations were diluted 500 times, the copper damage of melon plants was aggravated.【Conclusion】Among the six copper preparations, 99% copper acetate was very easy to cause copper damage to melon plants, 99% copper sulfate was the second, and 33.5% quinoline copper suspending agent 30% copper succinate WP, 23% copper rosinate EC and 46% that can kill three thousand water dispersible granules are relatively safe for melon. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of β-carotene isomerase GbD27-6 gene in sea island cotton LIU Chenxi, ZHU Yuting, ZHOU Qiang, CHEN Jin, ZHAO Wenjie, ZHENG Kai Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (12): 2869-2877.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.002 Abstract （340）   HTML （11）    PDF （1789KB）（72）       Knowledge map    【Objective】To study the effect of GbD27-6 gene on branch and lateral branch growth of sea island cotton. This study provides a basic theory for further understanding the role of GbD27 gene in intracellular transport and its participation in epidermal cell processes during fiber development.【Methods】In this study, the key gene GbD27-6 in the synthesis pathway of Strigolactones (SLs) was cloned from the fibrous material of Gossypium barbadense L. Pimas-7 15 d, and the expression level of GbD27-6 was analyzed by using the bioinformatics website and qRT-PCR.【Results】GbD27-6 gene 816 bp encoded 271 amino acid protein, molecular formula is was C1335H2134N350O389S24, molecular weight is was about 30.081 18 kDa, isoelectric point is was 8.40, it which belonged to DUF4033 superfamily protein and was unstable hydrophobic protein. The results of subcellular localization showed that GbD27-6 gene was located on cell membrane. Real -time fluorescence quantitative analysis showed that GbD27-6 gene was expressed in petal bracts and anthers of Gossypium barbadense L. and the expression level was the highest in bracts and the lowest in petals. The expression level was the highest on the 20th day of fiber development and the lowest on the 10th day of fiber development.【Conclusion】The findings showed that GbD27-6 gene was differentially expressed in fibers. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Study on the fruit quality and raisins character of thompson seedless and Its lines HU Jinge, BAI Shijian Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2751-2763.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.019 Abstract （331）   HTML （5）    PDF （1040KB）（34）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Its line for fresh and raisins, this project aims to select high yield and good quality in the hope of providing the foundation for the grape's cultivation with high quality and high yield.【Methods】 18 diverse lines of this variety were taken as materials, Thompson seedless grape was used as control, the characters of bunch were described, the fruit quality was determined and drying test was carried out.【Results】 Bunch weight of long-bunch Thompson seedless and Ningxia Thompson seedless were 620.20 and 632.67 g respectively, which were 2.25 times and 2.29 times compared with CK. Berry weight of W3 was maximum and 3.10 g, followed by big-berry Thompson seedless and berry weight was 2.45 g, which was 2.35 times and 2.97 times respectively. The soluble solid content of 18 lines was lower than that of CK, the reducing sugar contents of big-berry Thompson seedless, W5 and W9 were 1.34%, 1.91% and 3.17% higher than that of CK respectively, the sugar-acid ratio of W5, Zaowuhebai and Hongxiu were significantly higher than that of CK, and increased by 18.11%, 23.34% and 22.97%, VC of big-berry Thompson seedless and W3 were significantly higher than that of CK, and increased by 6.65% and 3.98. In terms of drying characteristics, dry rate of big-berry Thompson seedless and W8 were 6.65% and 3.98% higher than that of CK. In addition, shape index of long-berry Thompson seedless raisins was 3.10 and 1.46 times compared with CK, and popular in the market. Zaowuhebai was pink and raisins had unique appearance with yellow-red-reddish-brown color.【Conclusion】 Long-bunch Thompson seedless, big-berry Thompson seedless and long-berry Thompson seedless have excellent performance, which, in addition, Zaowuhebai can be used as a characteristic strain. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Relationship between main agronomic traits and yield per plant of upland cotton reciprocal cross F2∶3 families ZHAO Kang, REN Dan, LIANG Weiwei, PANG Bo, MA Shangjie, ZHANG Mengyuan, GAO Wenwei Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 19-25.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.003 Abstract （329）   HTML （10）    PDF （680KB）（31）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the relationship between yield per plant and main agronomic characters of cotton. Which is of great significance for enriching basic materials of cotton breeding and breeding excellent hybrids. 【Methods】 90 and 78 F2∶3 families derived from Xuzhou 142 and Line 9 were analyzed by correlation analysis,principal component analysis,regression analysis and path analysis. Then the relationship between the plant height,the number of fruit branches,the number of effective fruit branches,the number of bolls,the number of effective bolls,the weight of single boll and the coat fraction of each cotton plant was analyzed. 【Results】 Phenotypic analysis showed that F2∶3 families had abundant variation,most of the characters showed typical quantitative genetic characteristics,and there was widespread hyperparental separation,and the heterosis of each character was obvious. There were significant positive correlations between seed cotton yield per plant and lint yield per plant and plant height,number of fruit branches,number of effective fruit branches,number of bolls,and number of effective bolls and weight of single boll. Two kinds of principal components were extracted by principal component analysis,PC1 represented cotton boll growth factors and PC2 represented the comprehensive selection factor of lint fraction and boll weight. The direct path coefficient of effective boll number was the largest,which contributed the most to the yield per plant. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that the effective boll number contribut the most to cotton yield,and selecting cotton with more effective boll number is an important way to breed high-yielding varieties. At the same time,the weight of single boll,the lint percentage and the number of effective fruit branches should also be considered. The finding of this study is beneficial to the breeding of new hybrid lines of cotton in different directions. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Effects of microbial agents on soil nutrients,cotton yield and quality in drip irrigation cotton fields LUO Linyi, CHEN Ruijie, RUAN Xiangyang, REN Xiaohui, QU Ao, SU Haiting, YE Jun Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2024, 61 (1): 26-33.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.004 Abstract （322）   HTML （24）    PDF （1026KB）（68）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the effects of different application amounts of microbial agents on soil nutrient activation,cotton yield and quality with a view of providing a reference for the rational application of microbial agents in drip irrigation cotton fields. 【Methods】 The project scheme was designed by combining indoor culture experiment and field community experiment. Indoor culture test setting:the microbial agent was applied to the soil containing the culture box to incubate 0,5,10,15,20 d,respectively to analyze the maximum efficiency of the microbial agent on soil nutrient activation. Four treatments were set up in the field experiment:CK(no microbial agent),T1(application of microbial agent 75 L/hm2),T2(application of microbial agent 150 L/hm2),T3(application of microbial agent 300 L/hm2),and 3 replicates for each treatment were set to analyze the effects of microbial agent on soil nutrients and cotton yield and quality. 【Results】 The content of available silicon,available phosphorus and available potassium in 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers increased with the increase of microbial agents,and the T3 treatment effect was the most significant. At 40-60 cm soil layer,the soil nutrients of each treatment were not significantly different from CK. The single bell weight of the T3 treatment increased by 8.7% compared with CK and the yield increased by 14.6%. The pile length,Fracture ratio strength and Spinning uniformity index of T3 treatment were significantly increased compared with the control. The Micronaire was reduced and the quality was increased from C2 to B2. 【Conclusion】 On the fifth day of microbial agent application into the soil,the best activation effect on soil nutrients is achieved,which can increase the effective content of silicon,phosphorus and quick potassium in the soil,thus leading to the high yield of cotton and improving the quality,too. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Identification of TCP family and analysis of tissue expression in upland cotton HU Wenran, ZHAO Zhun, SHAO Wukui, HUANG Quansheng Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (11): 2627-2637.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.11.004 Abstract （319）   HTML （16）    PDF （1805KB）（47）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Identification and analysis of TCP family genes in upland cotton can lay a foundation for studying the biological functions of TCP genes. 【Methods】 Based on the newly assembled upland cotton TM-1 reference genome in 2019, the TCP family HMM model file was obtained from Pfam website, the upland cotton TCP gene was identified using Hmmer website, and the upland cotton TCP genome protein sequence was obtained from Cotton FGD website. MapInspect software was used for chromosome location, MEGA 7.0 was used for multiple sequence alignment cluster analysis, MEME website was used for motif prediction, TBtools software was used for gene structure identification and tissue-specific expression analysis of upland cotton.【Results】 Sixty-three TCP genes of upland cotton were identified from the whole genome level, including 39 subclasses of Class I and 24 subclasses of Class II. The Class II subfamilies included 17 CIN subclasses and 7 CYC/TB1 subclasses. The 63 genes were distributed on 22 chromosomes of upland cotton, including 33 genes in group A and 30 genes in Group D. All TCP proteins contained TCP domains. The gene structure analysis results showed that the structures and lengths of exon and introns were similar in the same subfamily. 12 of the TCP family genes were preferentially expressed in fibrous tissue, 32 in flower organs, and 16 in roots, stems and leaves.【Conclusion】 In this study, TCP genes related to flowering regulation and fiber development in upland cotton are identified and obtained by bioinformatics method. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）

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Preliminary study on the effects of three plant extracts on cotton seed germination and seedling growth ZHOU Xiaoyun, ZHANG Jungao, ZHOU Jiayu, LI Jin, QIN Bingshuang, LIANG Jing, GONG Jingyun, LEI Bin Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences    2023, 60 (12): 2902-2910.   DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.12.006 Abstract （318）   HTML （11）    PDF （808KB）（69）       Knowledge map    【Objective】To study the allelopathic effects of different plant methanol extracts on cotton seed germination and seedling growth, clarify the type of plant extracts with the best allelopathic effect and determine the appropriate concentration, so as to provide experimental basis and theoretical guidance for the development of new plant growth regulators.【Methods】Taking the popularized cotton seed Xinluzao 57 as the experimental material and the distilled water treatment as the control, the methanol extracts of Sophra alopecuroides, Euphorbia pekinensis, Cuminum cyminum were prepared into five solutions with different concentrations (100,10, 1, 0.1 and 0.01 mg/mL), respectively. After soaking of the seeds, the sand culture method was used to carry out the germination test to investigate the germination potential, germination rate, plant height, stem diameter, leaf photosynthesis and other indicators, and the principal component analysis method was applied to compare the biological effects of plant extracts on cotton growth.【Results】Compared with CK, the germination rate and germination index of cotton seeds treated with 1 mg/mL Sophra alopecuroides extract increased by 8.89% and 7.10% respectively, and the stem diameter, fibrous root number, fresh weight, dry weight and dry matter transport rate of seedlings increased by 24.61%, 20.00%, 66.09%, 50.00% and 4.90%, respectively; The germination rate, stem diameter, number of fibrous roots and net photosynthetic rate of cotton seeds treated with 0.1 mg/mL Cuminum cyminum methanol extract increased by 8.00%, 7.33%, 10.00% and 12.90%, respectively. Further principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation of 1 mg/mL Sophra alopecuroides extract treatment ranked first, followed by 0.1 mg/mL Cuminum cyminum extract treatment.【Conclusion】Different concentrations of plant extracts have different regulatory effects on cotton seed germination and seedling growth. Among them, 1 mg/mL l Sophra alopecuroides extract treatment is the best, followed by 0.1 mg/mL Cuminum cyminum extract treatment. Table and Figures | Reference | Related Articles | Metrics | Comments（0）