Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 60-67.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.008

• Special volume for green,yield increasing,quality improving and efficiency improving technologies for major grain crops in Xinjing • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of different nitrogen fertilizers with humic acid strategies on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat

MA Lin1(), HUANG Qiannan1, YANG Hui1, Dengsilamu Tuerxunbai1, ZOU Hui1, SUN Na1(), LEI Junjie2()   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture /Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yili Prefecture, Yining Xinjiang 835000,China
    2. Key Laboratory of Desert Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Tillage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/ Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
  • Received:2024-08-11 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-03-11
  • Correspondence author: SUN Na, LEI Junjie
  • Supported by:
    Major Scientific R &D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B02015-2);Science and Technology Program Project of Yili Prefecture(YZ2022A006);Xinjiang Agriculture Research System(XJARS-01)

不同氮肥配施腐殖酸策略对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响

马林1(), 黄倩楠1, 杨蕙1, 登斯拉木·吐尔逊拜1, 邹辉1, 孙娜1(), 雷钧杰2()   

  1. 1.伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所/伊犁州农作物育种及品质检测重点实验室,新疆伊宁 835000
    2.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
  • 通讯作者: 孙娜,雷钧杰
  • 作者简介:马林(1993-),男,甘肃人,助理研究员,研究方向为小麦遗传育种与栽培,(E-mail)1330846112@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划专项(2022B02015-2);伊犁哈萨克自治州科技计划项目(YZ2022A006);新疆现代农业小麦产业技术体系(XJARS-01)

Abstract:

【Objective】 To investigate the effects of different nitrogen fertilizer types and soil conditioner dosing strategies on photosynthetic characteristics, yield and yield components of wheat in the hope of providing reference for the reasonable dosing of nitrogen fertilizer and humic acid for wheat in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Under drip irrigation in large fields, five treatments of winter wheat variety Yinong 22 were set up without nitrogen fertilizer (CK), basal application of 18-Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) + Trailing urea (T1), basal application of 16-DAP + Trailing urea (T2), basal application of 18-DAP + Trailing humic acid urea (T3), and basal application of 16-DAP + Trailing humic acid urea (T4) to explore the effects of different fertilizer application strategies on the biomass, leaf area index, SPAD value, net photosynthetic rate, yield and yield components of winter wheat. 【Results】 Each N application treatment significantly increased winter wheat below-ground biomass, above-ground biomass, photosynthetic capacity, yield and yield components relative to the CK treatment, with significant differences between the basal application of humic acid urea relative to the basal application of urea treatment under the same basal application condition, whereas there were differences, but not significant, between the basal application of different diammonium phosphate treatments under the same basal application condition. The leaf area index, SPAD value and net photosynthetic rate of nitrogen application treatment increased by 4.88% - 32.43%, 18.31% - 36.36% and 13.31% - 42.17%, respectively, compared with the control treatment, which showed T4>T3>T1>T2>CK; the number of spikes, number of grains in a spike and thousand-grain weight of the nitrogen treatment increased by 23.99%-32.04%, respectively, compared with the control treatment, 10.16%-15.29% and 3.95%-5.64%, respectively, which showed T4>T3>T2>T1>CK; T3 treatment increased the below-ground biomass, above-ground biomass, and yield by 13.32%, 3.61%, and 1.77%, respectively, compared with T1 treatment, and T4 treatment increased the yield by 9.84%, 7.14%, and 5.81%, respectively, compared with T2. The T4 treatment effect was optimal among all the treatments. 【Conclusion】 Nitrogen application is favorable to the growth and development of winter wheat, which can significantly increase the biomass, photosynthetic capacity and yield of winter wheat. The effect of the follow-up application of humic acid urea at the nodulation stage was better than that of the basal application of different types of diammonium phosphate, among which the T4 treatment (basal application of 16-diammonium phosphate + follow-up application of humic acid urea) has the best effect in enhancing the biomass, photosynthetic capacity and yield of winter wheat.

Key words: nitrogenous fertilizer; humic acid; winter wheat; photosynthetic properties; yield

摘要:

【目的】 探究不同氮肥种类与土壤调理剂配施策略对小麦光合特征、产量及产量构成的影响,为新疆小麦氮肥及腐殖酸合理配施提供参考。【方法】 在大田滴灌条件下,以冬小麦品种伊农22号为对象,设置不施氮肥(CK)、基施18-磷酸二铵+追施尿素(T1)、基施16-磷酸二铵+追施尿素(T2)、基施18-磷酸二铵+追施腐殖酸尿素(T3)和基施16-磷酸二铵+追施腐殖酸尿素(T4)5个处理,探究不同施肥策略对冬小麦生物量、叶面积指数、SPAD值、净光合速率、产量及产量构成的影响。【结果】 各施氮处理相对CK处理显著提高了冬小麦地下部生物量、地上部生物量、光合能力、产量及产量构成,同一基施条件下追施腐殖酸尿素相对追施尿素处理间差异显著,而同一追施条件下基施不同磷酸二铵处理间存在差异但不显著。其中施氮处理较对照处理叶面积指数、SPAD值、净光合速率分别提高了4.88%~32.43%、18.31%~36.36%和13.31%~42.17%,表现为T4>T3>T1>T2>CK;施氮处理较对照处理穗数、穗粒数和千粒重分别提高了23.99%~32.04%、10.16%~15.29%和3.95%~5.64%,表现为T4>T3>T2>T1>CK;T3处理较T1处理地下部生物量、地上部生物量、产量分别提高了13.32%、3.61%和1.77%,T4处理较T2分别提高了9.84%、7.14%和5.81%,所有处理中T4处理效果最优。【结论】 施氮有利于冬小麦的生长发育,可显著提高冬小麦生物量、光合能力和产量。拔节期追施腐殖酸尿素效果优于基施不同类型磷酸二铵,其中T4处理(基施16-磷酸二铵+追施腐殖酸尿素)提升冬小麦生物量、光合能力和产量效果最佳。

关键词: 氮肥, 腐殖酸, 冬小麦, 光合特性, 产量

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