Effects of different urea and application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.007

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 53-59.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.007

• Special volume for green,yield increasing,quality improving and efficiency improving technologies for major grain crops in Xinjing • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of different urea and application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation

LI Jie¹^,²(), XU Qijiang²^,³, ZHANG Yongqiang²^,³(), XU Wenxiu¹(), LYU Xiaoqing⁴, CHEN Chuanxin²^,³, NIE Shihui²^,³, LEI Junjie²^,³

1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China
3. Research Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091,China
4. Manas Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Manas Xinjiang 832200,China

Received:2024-07-20 Online:2025-01-20 Published:2025-03-11
Correspondence author: ZHANG Yongqiang, XU Wenxiu
Supported by:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key R&D Program Projects(2021B02002-1);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Key R&D Program Projects(2022B02001-3);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Tianshan Talent" Training Program(2023TSYCCX0013);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Tianshan Talent" Training Program(2023TSYCLJ0009);Natural Science Foundation of China project(31960379);Natural Science Foundation of China project(51879267);Earmarked Fund of CARS(CARS-03-88);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region wheat industry technology system project(XJARS-01-06);Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region wheat industry technology system project(XJARS-01-19)

不同类型尿素及施用方式对滴灌冬小麦产量形成和氮肥利用效率的影响

李杰¹^,²(), 徐其江²^,³, 张永强²^,³(), 徐文修¹(), 吕晓庆⁴, 陈传信²^,³, 聂石辉²^,³, 雷钧杰²^,³

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
4.玛纳斯县农业技术推广中心,新疆玛纳斯 832200

通讯作者: 张永强,徐文修
作者简介:李杰(2000-),男,新疆哈密人,硕士研究生,研究方向为小麦高产栽培生理,(E-mail)leejie512@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02002-1);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02001-3);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”人才培养计划(2023TSYCCX0013);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”人才培养计划(2023TSYCLJ0009);国家自然科学基金项目(31960379);国家自然科学基金项目(51879267);国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-03-88);新疆维吾尔自治区小麦产业技术体系项目(XJARS-01-06);新疆维吾尔自治区小麦产业技术体系项目(XJARS-01-19)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different urea and application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, dry matter production, yield and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation. 【Methods】 From 2021 to 2022, under the conditions of drip irrigation in the field, five treatments were set up: no urea (F₀), ordinary urea (F₁), humate urea (F₂), controlled release urea single base application (F₃) and controlled release urea fractional application (F₄). The changes of yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under different drip irrigation treatments were studied. 【Results】 The results showed that in the test period, the SPAD value of winter wheat leaves under F₄ treatment was the highest, and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) were also higher than those under other treatments, while the intercellular CO₂ concentration was the lowest. Dry matter accumulation per plant of each treatment was F₄>F₂>F₃>F₁>F₀ at flowering stage and filling stage. The highest yield of drip irrigation under different treatments was 9,210.95 kg/hm² under F₄ treatment, which was 21.64%, 12.52%, 6.87% and 7.77% higher than that under F₀, F₁, F₂ and F₃ treatments, respectively. The maximum nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate (11.29 kg /kg) and nitrogen partial productivity (40.71 kg /kg) of winter wheat were obtained under F₄ treatment. 【Conclusion】 The comprehensive analysis shows that under the experimental conditions, controlled release urea fractional application F₄ treatment of winter wheat leaves has better photosynthetic indexes and higher grain yield.

Key words: urea; winter wheat; photosynthetic characteristics; yield; nitrogen use efficiency

摘要：

【目的】 探究不同尿素及施用方式对滴灌冬小麦光合特性、干物质生产、产量及氮肥利用效率的影响。【方法】 于2021~2022年在大田滴灌条件下,设置不施尿素(F₀)、普通尿素(F₁)、腐殖酸尿素(F₂)、控释尿素一次基施(F₃)、控释尿素分次施用(F₄)共5个处理,研究不同处理滴灌冬小麦产量形成和氮肥利用效率的变化规律。【结果】 F₄处理的冬小麦叶片SPAD值在各测定期均表现为最高,且在拔节期、开花期和灌浆期的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)亦均高于其它处理,其细胞间CO₂浓度则最低。各处理在开花期和灌浆期单株干物质积累量均呈F₄>F₂>F₃>F₁>F₀的变化规律。不同处理滴灌产量以F₄处理最高,为9 210.95 kg/hm²,分别较F₀、F₁、F₂、F₃处理产量提高了21.64%、12.52%、8.12%和6.52%;F₄ 处理下冬小麦的氮肥农学利用率(7.28 kg /kg)、氮肥偏生产力(40.93 kg/kg)均最大。【结论】 控释尿素分次施用F₄处理冬小麦叶片各项光合指标表现较好,籽粒产量较高。

关键词: 尿素, 冬小麦, 光合特性, 产量, 氮肥利用效率

CLC Number:

S512

LI Jie, XU Qijiang, ZHANG Yongqiang, XU Wenxiu, LYU Xiaoqing, CHEN Chuanxin, NIE Shihui, LEI Junjie. Effects of different urea and application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 53-59.

李杰, 徐其江, 张永强, 徐文修, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰. 不同类型尿素及施用方式对滴灌冬小麦产量形成和氮肥利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 53-59.

Figures/Tables 5

Tab.1 Fertilizer application periods and rates for different treatments

处理 Treatments	施肥时期及比例 Fertilization period and proportion
处理 Treatments	基肥 Base fertilizer (%)	拔节期 Elongation stage (%)	孕穗期 Booting stage (%)
F₀	0	0	0
F₁	40	40	20
F₂	40	40	20
F₃	100	0	0
F₄	40	40	20

Fig.1 Changes of SPAD values of flag leaves of winter wheat under drip irrigation under different treatments from jointing stage to filling stage Notes:JS: jointing stage; BS: gestational stage; AS: flowering stage; GS: Grouting stage.The different letters on the bars indicate that the difference between different treatments over the same period is significant at the level of 0.05,the same as below

Fig.2 Changes of leaf photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under drip irrigation under different treatments from jointing stage to filling stage

Fig.3 Changes of dry matter accumulation per plant at flowering and filling stage of winter wheat under drip irrigation under different treatments

Tab.2 Changes in yield and nitrogen use efficiency of drip irrigated winter wheat under different treatments

处理 Treatments	有效穗数 Number of productive ear (10⁴穗/hm²)	穗粒数 Number of kernels per spike (粒/穗)	千粒重 1000-grain weight (g)	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	氮肥农学利用率 Nitrogen agronomic efficiency (kg/kg)	氮肥偏生产力 Partial factor productivity of nitrogen (kg/kg)
F₀	718.14^c	27.34^c	33.71^c	7 572.33^c	-	-
F₁	740.06^c	35.89^b	34.24^bc	8 185.91^bc	2.72^c	36.38^c
F₂	767.27^ab	37.51^ab	35.89^ab	8 519.03^b	4.21^b	37.86^bc
F₃	750.26^ac	36.60^ab	35.44^ab	8 646.84^ab	4.78^b	38.43^ab
F₄	784.28^a	38.66^a	36.63^a	9 210.95^a	7.28^a	40.93^a

References 21

[1]	杨召武, 王辉, 张俊鹏, 等. 不同氮肥水平对冬小麦产量及养分利用的影响[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2022, 68(12): 17-21.
	YANG Zhaowu, WANG Hui, ZHANG Junpeng, et al. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizer levels on yield and nutrient utilization in winter wheat[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 68(12): 17-21.
[2]	王雪, 谷淑波, 林祥, 等. 微喷补灌水肥一体化对冬小麦产量及水分和氮素利用效率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2023, 49(3): 784-794. DOI
	WANG Xue, GU Shubo, LIN Xiang, et al. Effects of supplemental irrigation with micro-sprinkling hoses and water and fertilizer integration on yield and water and nitrogen use efficiency in winter wheat[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2023, 49(3): 784-794. DOI
[3]	梁伟琴, 贾莉, 郭黎明, 等. 水氮耦合对春小麦干物质累积与植株氮素转运的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2022, (4): 242-248.
	LIANG Weiqin, JIA Li, GUO Liming, et al. Effects of irrigation and nitrogen application on dry matter accumulation and nitrogen transport of spring wheat[J]. Crops, 2022, (4): 242-248.
[4]	于国宜, 孔令聪, 张亮, 等. 不同新型肥料对小麦光合特性、冠层结构及产量的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2022, (4): 193-198.
	YU Guoyi, KONG Lingcong, ZHANG Liang, et al. Effects of different new type fertilizers on wheat photosynthetic characteristics, canopy structure and yield[J]. Crops, 2022, (4): 193-198.
[5]	张明伟, 马泉, 陈京都, 等. 缓控释肥在冬小麦上的应用研究进展及展望[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2022, 50(2): 15-21.
	ZHANG Mingwei, MA Quan, CHEN Jingdu, et al. Research progress and prospect of slow and controlled release fertilizer application in winter wheat[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 50(2): 15-21.
[6]	邢素丽, 李孝兰, 杨军芳, 等. 新型尿素对小麦产量和氮肥利用率的应用效果研究[J]. 河北农业科学, 2017, 21(6): 40-43.
	XING Suli, LI Xiaolan, YANG Junfang, et al. Effects of new types of urea on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat[J]. Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 21(6): 40-43.
[7]	马瑞萍, 梁熠, 于祥. 缓/控释氮肥输入对玉米生长、氮素利用及环境效应的影响[J]. 浙江农业科学, 2022, 63(9): 1968-1974, 1981. DOI
	MA Ruiping, LIANG Yi, YU Xiang. Effect of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer on maize growth, nitrogen utilization and environmental effects[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 63(9): 1968-1974, 1981.
[8]	杨修一, 田晓飞, 张娟, 等. 控释氮肥在棉花上的应用研究进展[J]. 棉花学报, 2015, 27(5): 481-488. DOI
	YANG Xiuyi, TIAN Xiaofei, ZHANG Juan, et al. Research advances in the application of controlled release nitrogen fertilizer in cotton production[J]. Cotton Science, 2015, 27(5): 481-488.
[9]	陈雪青, 郭晓彦, 吕玉虎, 等. 新型尿素对小麦的增产效果和养分利用率影响研究[J]. 种业导刊, 2018, (12): 20-22.
	CHEN Xueqing, GUO Xiaoyan, LYU Yuhu, et al. Stimulation effects and nutrients utilization of application of new urea[J]. Journal of Seed Industry Guide, 2018, (12): 20-22.
[10]	刘盛林, 董晓霞, 孙泽强, 等. 尿素中添加腐殖酸提升冬小麦产量和氮吸收效率[J]. 中国农学通报, 2020, 36(14): 16-21. DOI
	LIU Shenglin, DONG Xiaoxia, SUN Zeqiang, et al. Humic acid added in urea improves yield and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2020, 36(14): 16-21. DOI
[11]	田露, 苏文斌, 郭晓霞, 等. 氮肥基追比例对苏打盐碱化地甜菜光合、产量及含糖量的调控效应[J/OL]. 植物营养与肥料学报: 1-15.
	TIAN Lu, SU Wenbin, GUO Xiaoxia, et al. Regulatory effect of nitrogen base chasing ratio on photosynthesis, yield and sugar content of sugar beet in soda salinization[J/OL]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer:1-15.
[12]	于浩东, 初振宇, 汪顺源, 等. 不同控释氮素比例对夏玉米叶片衰老和籽粒灌浆特性的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2023, 56(18): 3511-3529. DOI
	YU Haodong, CHU Zhenyu, WANG Shunyuan, et al. Effects of different controlled nitrogen ratios on leaf senescence and grain filling characteristics of summer maize[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2023, 56(18): 3511-3529. DOI
[13]	张建军, 党翼, 樊廷录, 等. 控释尿素基施及普通尿素分期施对旱地冬小麦产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2014, 28(5): 912-918. DOI
	ZHANG Jianjun, DANG Yi, FAN Tinglu, et al. Effect on growth and development, yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat through controlled-release urea base and common urea with split application in Loess Plateau east of Gansu[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 28(5): 912-918. DOI
[14]	张晨阳, 张富仓, 郭金金, 等. 缓释氮肥与尿素掺施比例对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2020, 26(4): 669-680.
	ZHANG Chenyang, ZHANG Fucang, GUO Jinjin, et al. Effects of blending ratios of slow-release nitrogen fertilizer and urea on yield and nitrogen uptake of winter wheat[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers, 2020, 26(4): 669-680.
[15]	刘仲阳, 崔秀敏, 史桂芳, 等. 不同类型控释氮肥对冬小麦群体结构、产量和氮效率的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2022, 54(5): 104-109.
	LIU Zhongyang, CUI Xiumin, SHI Guifang, et al. Effects of different types of controlled-release N fertilizers on population structure, yield and nitrogen efficiency of winter wheat[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 54(5): 104-109.
[16]	李磊, 安浩军, 岳茂武, 等. 控失肥与普通复合肥对小麦生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 中国农学通报, 2017, 33(24): 1-6. DOI
	LI Lei, AN Haojun, YUE Maowu, et al. Effects of loss control and normal compound fertilizers on growth and development and yield of wheat[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2017, 33(24): 1-6. DOI
[17]	哈丽哈什·依巴提, 张炎, 李青军. 新型尿素对加工番茄的产量和氮素利用率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2019, 56(2): 278-286. DOI
	Halihashi Yibati, ZHANG Yan, LI Qingjun. The effect of new-type urea on yield and nitrogen utilization of processing tomato[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 56(2): 278-286. DOI
[18]	张爱华, 张钦, 杨爽, 等. 新型尿素对玉米产量及养分积累、利用的影响[J]. 玉米科学, 2018, 26(5): 137-142.
	ZHANG Aihua, ZHANG Qin, YANG Shuang, et al. Effect of new-type urea on yield, nutrient accumulation and utilization of corn[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2018, 26(5): 137-142.
[19]	尹焕丽, 岳艳军, 常凤, 等. 新型尿素对冬小麦产量及氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 中国农业科技导报, 2020, 22(5): 145-152. DOI
	YIN Huanli, YUE Yanjun, CHANG Feng, et al. Effects of new-type urea on yield, nutrient absorption and utilization of winter wheat[J]. Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2020, 22(5): 145-152.
[20]	岳克, 马雪, 宋晓, 等. 新型氮肥及施氮量对玉米产量和氮素吸收利用的影响[J]. 中国土壤与肥料, 2018, (4): 75-81.
	YUE Ke, MA Xue, SONG Xiao, et al. Effects of new-type and application rate of N-fertilizer on yield, nitrogen uptake and nitrogen use efficiency of summer maize[J]. Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China, 2018, (4): 75-81.
[21]	关园园, 未志源, 谢孟河, 等. 几种新型尿素对玉米植株氮素利用和土壤氮残留的影响[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2022, (8): 29-33.
	GUAN Yuanyuan, WEI Zhiyuan, XIE Menghe, et al. Effects of several new ureas on nitrogen utilization of maize plants and nitrogen residue in soil[J]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, (8): 29-33.

Effects of different urea and application methods on photosynthetic characteristics, yield formation and nitrogen use efficiency of winter wheat under drip irrigation

不同类型尿素及施用方式对滴灌冬小麦产量形成和氮肥利用效率的影响

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 5

References 21

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	SUN Na, MA Lin, ZOU Hui, ZHANG Zhihui, ZHANG Shengjun, HUANG Qiannan, YANG Hui, Dengsilamu Tuerxunbai, LI Zhibin, CAO Junmei, LEI Junjie. Analysis of combined application of NPK fertilizers on yield and quality of winter wheat and the fertilizer effect [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 1-12.
[2]	DU Yalong, FU Qiuping, AI Pengrui, MA Yingjie, QI Tong, PAN Yang. Comprehensive evaluation of irrigation treatment based on the growth and yield of drip-irrigated Gossypium barbadense [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 161-173.
[3]	XIE Xiurong, ZHANG Yongqiang, HAI Feng, LEI Junjie, LYU Xiaoqing, CHEN Chuanxin, XU Qijiang, NIE Shihui, WANG Jichuan. Effects of uniform sowing and densification on population structure and yield of late sowing winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 21-28.
[4]	HU Mengting, LIU Shengyao, JIA Songnan, FAN Fengcui, DU Fenghuan, LI Jingsong, QIN Yong. Effects of different planting row spacings on yield and water use efficiency of spinach [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 217-224.
[5]	ZHANG Yanting, ZHANG Yongqiang, LEI Junjie, CHEN Hui, CHEN Chuanxin, XU Qijiang, NIE Shihui, XU Wenxiu. Effects of different phosphorus application modes on photosynthetic physiological characteristics and yield of Dry-Seeded and Wet-Emerged winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 29-36.
[6]	ZHANG Jingcan, XU Qijiang, ZHANG Yongqiang, LEI Junjie, LYU Xiaoqing, CHEN Chuanxin, NIE Shihui, XU Wenxiu. Effects of different growth regulator and its application times on stem characteristics and lodging resistance of winter wheat under drip irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 37-44.
[7]	HAI Feng, ZHANG Yongqiang, XIE Xiurong, LYU Xiaoqing, CHEN Chuanxin, XU Qijiang, NIE Shihui, WANG Jichuan, LEI Junjie. Effects of different drip irrigation rates on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of drip irrigated winter wheat under limited irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 45-52.
[8]	MA Lin, HUANG Qiannan, YANG Hui, Dengsilamu Tuerxunbai, ZOU Hui, SUN Na, LEI Junjie. Effects of different nitrogen fertilizers with humic acid strategies on photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 60-67.
[9]	CHEN Chuanxin, ZHANG Yongqiang, NIE Shihui, XU Qijiang, LEI Junjie. Effect of microbial agents combined with nitrogen fertilizer on the photosynthetic characteristics and yield of winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 68-74.
[10]	LI Na, LYU Caixia, Xin Huinan, LI Yongfu, LAI Ning, GENG Qinglong, CHEN Shuhuang. Effects of different nitrogen application rates on the characteristics and root zone soil nutrients of drip irrigation wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 87-94.
[11]	FANG Hui, DING Yindeng, FAN Guiqiang, GAO Yonghong, HUANG Tianrong. Research report on the development status of wheat industry in southern Xinjiang [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(S1): 75-80.
[12]	LI Yongtai, GAO Axiang, LI Yanjun, ZHANG Xinyu. Effects of defoliants on the physiological characteristics of cotton varieties with different sensitivities [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2094-2102.
[13]	ZHANG Zehua, YE Hanchun, WANG Zhenhua, LI Wenhao, LI Haiqiang, LIU Jian. Effects of equal nitrogen applied with urease inhibitor on cotton growth, yield, and quality under mulched drip irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2103-2111.
[14]	CHEN Ruijie, LUO Linyi, RUAN Xiangyang, YE Jun. Effects of humic acid on soil nutrients, cotton yield and quality in cotton fields under drip irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2112-2121.
[15]	HUANG Boxuan, LI Pengcheng, ZHENG Cangsong, SUN Miao, SHAO Jingjing, FENG Weina, PANG Chaoyou, XU Wenxiu, DONG Helin. Effects of different nitrogen inhibitors on growth, nitrogen utilization and yield of cotton [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2122-2131.