Effects of Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Manure on the Cotton Yield and Yield Components in Cotton Area

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.09.013

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (9): 1672-1677.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.09.013

• Chemical Fertilizer and Pesticide Application Reduction for Cotton • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Manure on the Cotton Yield and Yield Components in Cotton Area

NIU Xinxiang¹, PU Shenghai¹, WU Xianglin¹, LI Pan¹, YANG Tao¹, MA Honghong¹, CHEN Baozhu¹, YANG Jian², HUANG Xin², FENG Guangping¹, MA Xingwang¹

1. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory for Northwest Oasis Agricural Enviroment, MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China;
2. College of Plant Science,Tarim University,Alar Xinjiang 843300,China

Received:2021-03-04 Online:2021-09-20 Published:2021-09-29
Correspondence author: MA Xingwang(1970-),male,native place:Ningxia,Research professor,doctoral supervisor,research field:efficient utilization of nutrient resources and prevention of non-point source pollution,(E - mail) maxw@xaas.ac.cn
Supported by:
The National Key R & D Program of China "Southern Xinjiang Cotton Fertilizer and Pesticide Reduction Efficiency Technology Integration and Demonstration"(2017YFD0201903)and the National Key R & D Program Project "Demonstration of Integrated Prevention and Control Technology Model of Film Pollution and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching in Cotton Field in Oasis Irrigation Area" (2018YFD0800804)

棉区有机肥替代化肥对棉花产量及其构成因子的影响

牛新湘¹, 蒲胜海¹, 吴湘琳¹, 李磐¹, 杨涛¹, 马红红¹, 陈宝柱¹, 杨健², 黄鑫², 冯广平¹, 马兴旺¹

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所/农业部西北绿洲农业环境重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.塔里木大学植物科学学院,新疆阿拉尔 843300

通讯作者: 马兴旺( 1970-) ,男,宁夏人,研究员,博士,博士生导师,研究方向为养分资源高效利用、面源污染防治,( E-mail) maxw@xaas.ac.cn
作者简介:牛新湘( 1975-) ,女,湖南澧县人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为作物水肥管理,( E-mail) niuxinxiang@126.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划“新疆南部棉区棉花化肥农药减施增效技术集成与示范”(2017YFD0201903);国家重点研发计划“绿洲灌区棉田地膜污染与氮磷淋溶综合防治技术模式示范”(2018YFD0800804)

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To clarify the right rate and filter the best mode of chemical fertilizer reduction and organic fertilizer supplement of cotton.【Method】 The effects of the partial substitution for chemiacal fertilizer with organic manure (20%, 40% or 100%) on the cotton yield and yield components were ananlyzed by field experiments with no fertilizer (CK) and inorganic fertilizer(CF)as the control.【Result】 Fertilization could significantly improve the composition of cotton yield and increase the yield of cotton. Compared with CF, the treatment of reducing 20%, 40% chemical fertilizer with organic manure could improve cotton yierld components by raising the weight per boll and ginning outtum,significantly increase cotton yield. The cotton yields of Treatment 3 and Treatment 4 were 423.50 and 403.76 kg/667m² , respectively,which were 27.70% and 21.75% higher than that of non-fertilization treatmemnt (CK), and 5.81% and 0.88% higher than that of CF.【Conclusion】 Analysing by the yield of cotton and agricultural environmental protection,the suitable fertilization management model of cotton in Southern Xinjiang cotton district is the reducing 20% or 40% chemical fertilizer with organic manure, that is 400 kg/667m² organic manure and 65.39 kg /667m² inorganic compound fertilizer as basic fertilizer, and 22.35 kg/667m² urea as top dressing(that is 800 kg/667m² organic manure and 49.04 kg /667m² inorganic compound fertilizer as basic fertilizer, and 16.76 kg /667m² urea as top dressing).The treatment model Treatment3、Treatment4 of reducing 20% or 40% chemical fertilizer with organic manure could be considered to promote and applicate.

Key words: cotton; chemical fertilizer reduction; substitution for chemical fertilizer with organic manure; Southern Xinjiang cotton area; yield components

摘要： 【目的】研究棉花合理的化肥减施量和有机肥替代量,筛选化肥减施与有机肥替代最佳模式,为新疆南部棉区棉花化肥减施增效技术提供理论依据。【方法】采用田间试验,以不施肥和无机复混肥为对照,分析化肥有机替代比例(20%、40%、100%)对棉花产量构成的影响。【结果】施肥可改善棉花产量构成,提高棉花产量。与无机肥处理(CF)比较,化肥减量20%下施用400 kg有机肥、化肥减量40%下施用800方有机肥处理,通过提高棉花单铃重和衣分,改善棉花产量构成,显著提高棉花产量。处理3、处理4处理棉花产量分别为423.50和403.76 kg/667m ²,比空白处理(CK)增产27.70%、21.75%,比CF处理增产5.81%、0.88%。【结论】新疆南部棉区棉花种植以化肥减量20%、化肥减量40%,即每667 m²基施有机肥400 kg,无机复混肥65.39 kg,追施尿素22.35 kg(每667 m²基肥施用有机肥800 kg,无机复混肥49.04 kg,追肥尿素16.76 kg)较为适宜。处理3、处理4模式(20%、40%的化肥减量)可以推广应用。

关键词: 棉花, 化肥减量, 有机肥替代化肥, 新疆南部棉区, 产量构成

CLC Number:

S562.062

NIU Xinxiang, PU Shenghai, WU Xianglin, LI Pan, YANG Tao, MA Honghong, CHEN Baozhu, YANG Jian, HUANG Xin, FENG Guangping, MA Xingwang. Effects of Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Manure on the Cotton Yield and Yield Components in Cotton Area[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(9): 1672-1677.

牛新湘, 蒲胜海, 吴湘琳, 李磐, 杨涛, 马红红, 陈宝柱, 杨健, 黄鑫, 冯广平, 马兴旺. 棉区有机肥替代化肥对棉花产量及其构成因子的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(9): 1672-1677.

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Effects of Substitution for Chemical Fertilizer with Organic Manure on the Cotton Yield and Yield Components in Cotton Area

棉区有机肥替代化肥对棉花产量及其构成因子的影响

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