Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (11): 2822-2830.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.11.029
• Equine Exercise Physiology and Healthy Farming • Previous Articles Next Articles
MA Chaoxin1(), Adina Wusman1, JIA Yiqi1, CHEN Xiao1, MENG Jun1,2, ZENG Yaqi1,2, WANG Jianwen1,2, WANG chuankun1, YAO Xinkui1,2()
Received:
2022-01-11
Online:
2022-11-20
Published:
2022-12-28
Correspondence author:
YAO Xinkui
Supported by:
马超鑫1(), 阿迪娜·吾斯曼1, 贾怡琪1, 陈晓1, 孟军1,2, 曾亚琦1,2, 王建文1,2, 王川坤1, 姚新奎1,2()
通讯作者:
姚新奎
作者简介:
马超鑫(1996-),男,安徽淮北人,硕士研究生,研究方向为动物生产学,(E-mail)1581971409@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
MA Chaoxin, Adina Wusman, JIA Yiqi, CHEN Xiao, MENG Jun, ZENG Yaqi, WANG Jianwen, WANG chuankun, YAO Xinkui. Effects of Different Track Maintenance Methods on the Gait Characteristics and Performance of Yili Horse in 1,600 M Speed Race[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(11): 2822-2830.
马超鑫, 阿迪娜·吾斯曼, 贾怡琪, 陈晓, 孟军, 曾亚琦, 王建文, 王川坤, 姚新奎. 不同赛道维护方式对1 600 m速度赛伊犁马步态特征和比赛成绩的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(11): 2822-2830.
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英文缩写Abbreviation | 英文全称Full English name | 中文全称Full Chinese name |
---|---|---|
Stance TH | Stance of trail hindlimb | 后位后蹄支撑相 |
AP TH-LH | Advanced placement of trail hindlimb and lead hindlimb | 后肢间隔期 |
Swing TH | Swing of trail hindlimb | 后位后蹄摆动相 |
Overlap TH-LH | Overlap of trail hindlimb and lead hindlimb | 后肢双支撑相 |
AP LH-TF | Advanced placement of lead hindlimb and trail forelimb | 对角间隔期 |
Stance LH | Stance of lead hindlimb | 前位后蹄支撑相 |
Swing LH | Swing of lead hindlimb | 前位后蹄摆动相 |
Stance TF | Stance of trail forelimb | 后位前蹄支撑相 |
Overlap LH-TF | Overlap of lead hindlimb and trail forelimb | 对角双支撑相 |
AP TF-LF | Advanced placement of trail forelimb and lead forelimb | 前肢间隔期 |
Overlap LF-TF | Overlap of lead forelimb and trail forelimb | 前肢双支撑相 |
Stance LF | Stance of lead forelimb | 前位前蹄支撑相 |
Swing TF | Swing of trail forelimb | 后位前蹄摆动相 |
Swing LF | Swing of lead forelimb trail forelimb | 前位前蹄摆动相 |
AD | Aerial duration | 腾空期 |
SF | Stride frequency | 步频 |
Hind SL | Hind stride length | 后肢步幅 |
Mid SL | Mid stride length | 双支撑相步幅 |
Fore SL | Fore stride length | 前肢步幅 |
AD SL | Aerial duration stride length | 腾空期步幅 |
SL | Stride length | 总步幅 |
SA | Stride Angle | 最大开张角度 |
Table 1 Contraction of gait characteristics
英文缩写Abbreviation | 英文全称Full English name | 中文全称Full Chinese name |
---|---|---|
Stance TH | Stance of trail hindlimb | 后位后蹄支撑相 |
AP TH-LH | Advanced placement of trail hindlimb and lead hindlimb | 后肢间隔期 |
Swing TH | Swing of trail hindlimb | 后位后蹄摆动相 |
Overlap TH-LH | Overlap of trail hindlimb and lead hindlimb | 后肢双支撑相 |
AP LH-TF | Advanced placement of lead hindlimb and trail forelimb | 对角间隔期 |
Stance LH | Stance of lead hindlimb | 前位后蹄支撑相 |
Swing LH | Swing of lead hindlimb | 前位后蹄摆动相 |
Stance TF | Stance of trail forelimb | 后位前蹄支撑相 |
Overlap LH-TF | Overlap of lead hindlimb and trail forelimb | 对角双支撑相 |
AP TF-LF | Advanced placement of trail forelimb and lead forelimb | 前肢间隔期 |
Overlap LF-TF | Overlap of lead forelimb and trail forelimb | 前肢双支撑相 |
Stance LF | Stance of lead forelimb | 前位前蹄支撑相 |
Swing TF | Swing of trail forelimb | 后位前蹄摆动相 |
Swing LF | Swing of lead forelimb trail forelimb | 前位前蹄摆动相 |
AD | Aerial duration | 腾空期 |
SF | Stride frequency | 步频 |
Hind SL | Hind stride length | 后肢步幅 |
Mid SL | Mid stride length | 双支撑相步幅 |
Fore SL | Fore stride length | 前肢步幅 |
AD SL | Aerial duration stride length | 腾空期步幅 |
SL | Stride length | 总步幅 |
SA | Stride Angle | 最大开张角度 |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.01Ab | 0.16±0.01Aa |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.08±0.00A | 0.08±0.00A |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.01Bb | 0.07±0.01ABa | 0.08±0.01Aa |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.05±0.02 | 0.04±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.11±0.01Bb | 0.13±0.01ABa | 0.15±0.01Aa |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.31±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.12±0.01Bc | 0.15±0.01Ab | 0.16±0.01Aa |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.06±0.02Bc | 0.09±0.01Ab | 0.11±0.01Aa |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.01 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.1±0.01 |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.03±0.01B | 0.05±0.01A | 0.06±0.01A |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.16±0.01A |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.30±0.02 | 0.29±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
腾空期Aerial duration(s) | 0.09±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.39±0.08Aa | 2.26±0.04Bb | 2.18±0.05Bc |
Table 2 difference of straight track gait characteristic time parameters under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.01Ab | 0.16±0.01Aa |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.08±0.00A | 0.08±0.00A |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.01Bb | 0.07±0.01ABa | 0.08±0.01Aa |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.05±0.02 | 0.04±0.01 | 0.04±0.01 |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.11±0.01Bb | 0.13±0.01ABa | 0.15±0.01Aa |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.31±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.12±0.01Bc | 0.15±0.01Ab | 0.16±0.01Aa |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.06±0.02Bc | 0.09±0.01Ab | 0.11±0.01Aa |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.01 | 0.09±0.01 | 0.1±0.01 |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.03±0.01B | 0.05±0.01A | 0.06±0.01A |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.16±0.01A |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.30±0.02 | 0.29±0.01 | 0.30±0.01 |
腾空期Aerial duration(s) | 0.09±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 | 0.08±0.01 |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.39±0.08Aa | 2.26±0.04Bb | 2.18±0.05Bc |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 98.28±12.95 | 99.85±8.65 | 101.39±12.43 |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 193.33±17.15Aa | 176.05±16.86ABb | 163.38±13.2Bb |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 132.03±8.73a | 121.60±11.97ab | 116.14±13.2b |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 168.47±21.26A | 138.98±12.48B | 125.84±17.29B |
总步幅SL(cm) | 592.10±47.71Aa | 536.48±33.84ABb | 506.75±36.03Bb |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 112.00±4.47Aa | 108.25±1.75ABb | 104.75±3.20Bb |
Table 3 difference of spatial parameters of straight gait characteristics under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 98.28±12.95 | 99.85±8.65 | 101.39±12.43 |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 193.33±17.15Aa | 176.05±16.86ABb | 163.38±13.2Bb |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 132.03±8.73a | 121.60±11.97ab | 116.14±13.2b |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 168.47±21.26A | 138.98±12.48B | 125.84±17.29B |
总步幅SL(cm) | 592.10±47.71Aa | 536.48±33.84ABb | 506.75±36.03Bb |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 112.00±4.47Aa | 108.25±1.75ABb | 104.75±3.20Bb |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.11±0.01B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.15±0.01A |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.08±0.01A | 0.08±0.01A |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.32±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 | 0.32±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.01B | 0.07±0.01A | 0.06±0.01AB |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.05±0.01Aa | 0.03±0.01Bb | 0.04±0.02ABb |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.14±0.02A | 0.14±0.02A |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.32±0.01 | 0.32±0.01 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.11±0.02B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.15±0.02A |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.11±0.02A | 0.11±0.03A |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.01B | 0.10±0.01A | 0.10±0.01A |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.02±0.02B | 0.05±0.02A | 0.05±0.02A |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.02A | 0.15±0.02A |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 | 0.32±0.01 |
腾空期AD(s) | 0.12±0.01A | 0.10±0.02B | 0.10±0.02B |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.32±0.12A | 2.17±0.11B | 2.16±0.07B |
Table 4 difference of time parameters of curve gait characteristics under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.11±0.01B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.15±0.01A |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.08±0.01A | 0.08±0.01A |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.32±0.01 | 0.31±0.01 | 0.32±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.01B | 0.07±0.01A | 0.06±0.01AB |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.05±0.01Aa | 0.03±0.01Bb | 0.04±0.02ABb |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.14±0.02A | 0.14±0.02A |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.32±0.01 | 0.32±0.01 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.11±0.02B | 0.15±0.01A | 0.15±0.02A |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.06±0.01B | 0.11±0.02A | 0.11±0.03A |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.01B | 0.10±0.01A | 0.10±0.01A |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.02±0.02B | 0.05±0.02A | 0.05±0.02A |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.15±0.02A | 0.15±0.02A |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.02 | 0.32±0.01 |
腾空期AD(s) | 0.12±0.01A | 0.10±0.02B | 0.10±0.02B |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.32±0.12A | 2.17±0.11B | 2.16±0.07B |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 106.83±7.98 | 103.78±7.35 | 110.03±8.02 |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 172.25±13.05 | 155.71±21.67 | 175.08±21.13 |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 123.06±7.33 | 119.26±10.61 | 125.85±15.03 |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 161.36±25.07a | 132.84±14.44b | 146.85±28.46ab |
总步幅SL(cm) | 563.50±38.09 | 511.59±38.44 | 557.81±61.93 |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 110.50±2.27a | 105.89±3.59b | 105.88±4.70b |
Table 5 difference of spatial parameters of curve gait characteristics under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 106.83±7.98 | 103.78±7.35 | 110.03±8.02 |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 172.25±13.05 | 155.71±21.67 | 175.08±21.13 |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 123.06±7.33 | 119.26±10.61 | 125.85±15.03 |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 161.36±25.07a | 132.84±14.44b | 146.85±28.46ab |
总步幅SL(cm) | 563.50±38.09 | 511.59±38.44 | 557.81±61.93 |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 110.50±2.27a | 105.89±3.59b | 105.88±4.70b |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.12±0.01B | 0.14±0.01A |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.07±0.01b | 0.07±0.01ab | 0.08±0.01a |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.32±0.03 | 0.33±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.02 | 0.05±0.02 | 0.05±0.01 |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.04±0.01A | 0.03±0.02AB | 0.02±0.01B |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.12±0.02b | 0.12±0.01ab | 0.14±0.01a |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.32±0.03 | 0.32±0.02 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.12±0.02B | 0.13±0.01AB | 0.14±0.01A |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.07±0.02Bb | 0.09±0.02ABb | 0.11±0.01Aa |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.02 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.10±0.00 |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.03±0.01b | 0.04±0.01ab | 0.05±0.01a |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.03b | 0.14±0.01ab | 0.15±0.01a |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.03 | 0.32±0.01 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.31±0.03 | 0.30±0.03 | 0.32±0.01 |
腾空期AD(s) | 0.11±0.03 | 0.10±0.02 | 0.11±0.01 |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.33±0.09Aa | 2.28±0.12ABa | 2.16±0.06Bb |
Table 6 differences of gait characteristic time parameters at the finish under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后位后蹄支撑相Stance TH(s) | 0.12±0.01B | 0.12±0.01B | 0.14±0.01A |
后肢间隔期AP TH-LH(s) | 0.07±0.01b | 0.07±0.01ab | 0.08±0.01a |
后位后蹄摆动相Swing TH(s) | 0.32±0.02 | 0.32±0.03 | 0.33±0.01 |
后肢双支撑相Overlap TH-LH(s) | 0.05±0.02 | 0.05±0.02 | 0.05±0.01 |
对角间隔期AP LH-TF(s) | 0.04±0.01A | 0.03±0.02AB | 0.02±0.01B |
前位后蹄支撑相Stance LH(s) | 0.12±0.02b | 0.12±0.01ab | 0.14±0.01a |
前位后蹄摆动相Swing LH(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.32±0.03 | 0.32±0.02 |
后位前蹄支撑相Stance TF(s) | 0.12±0.02B | 0.13±0.01AB | 0.14±0.01A |
对角双支撑相Overlap LH-TF(s) | 0.07±0.02Bb | 0.09±0.02ABb | 0.11±0.01Aa |
前肢间隔期AP TF-LF(s) | 0.09±0.02 | 0.10±0.01 | 0.10±0.00 |
前肢双支撑相Overlap LF-TF(s) | 0.03±0.01b | 0.04±0.01ab | 0.05±0.01a |
前位前蹄支撑相Stance LF(s) | 0.12±0.03b | 0.14±0.01ab | 0.15±0.01a |
后位前蹄摆动相Swing TF(s) | 0.31±0.02 | 0.31±0.03 | 0.32±0.01 |
前位前蹄摆动相Swing LF(s) | 0.31±0.03 | 0.30±0.03 | 0.32±0.01 |
腾空期AD(s) | 0.11±0.03 | 0.10±0.02 | 0.11±0.01 |
步频SF(s-1) | 2.33±0.09Aa | 2.28±0.12ABa | 2.16±0.06Bb |
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 119.01±22.37a | 100.35±9.52b | 110.59±10.09ab |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 173.26±9.05Aa | 162.86±10.61ABa | 144.71±24.78Bb |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 138.25±24.33 | 129.14±9.96 | 123.66±19.38 |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 155.58±38.66 | 160.15±19.87 | 159.13±16.63 |
总步幅SL(cm) | 586.09±73.34 | 552.49±34.93 | 538.09±59.62 |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 105.75±2.43a | 103.00±2.33b | 102.86±2.12b |
Table 7 differences of spatial parameters of gait characteristics at the finish under different maintenance modes
指标Index | 压实组Compact | 普通组Common | 耙地组Soft |
---|---|---|---|
后肢步幅Hind SL(cm) | 119.01±22.37a | 100.35±9.52b | 110.59±10.09ab |
双支撑相步幅Mid SL(cm) | 173.26±9.05Aa | 162.86±10.61ABa | 144.71±24.78Bb |
前肢步幅Fore SL(cm) | 138.25±24.33 | 129.14±9.96 | 123.66±19.38 |
腾空期步幅AD SL(cm) | 155.58±38.66 | 160.15±19.87 | 159.13±16.63 |
总步幅SL(cm) | 586.09±73.34 | 552.49±34.93 | 538.09±59.62 |
最大开张角度SA(°) | 105.75±2.43a | 103.00±2.33b | 102.86±2.12b |
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