Comparative Analysis on Meat Performance and Meat Quality of Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Kazak Cattle

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.030

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the performance and meat quality of Xinjiang brown cattle and Kazak beef.【Methods】 Five 12-month-old healthy Xinjiang brown cattle and five Kazak steers were selected, and under the same feeding and management conditions,after continuous fattening for 18 months, they were slaughtered for analyzing their body size development, meat performance and meat quality. Finally, these indexes were determined.【Results】 Body height and cross height of Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly higher than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The hind-leg girth, thick thighs, heavy carcass and eye muscle area of Xinjiang brown cattle were significantly higher than those of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); According to the analysis of meat quality, the shearing force of Xinjiang brown cattle was significantly lower than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The flesh color of L^* A^* B^* of Xinjiang brown cattle was significantly higher than that of Kazak cattle(P<0.05); The fat and protein content was significantly higher than that of Kazakh cattle(P<0.05).【Conclusion】 After comprehensive evaluation, Xinjiang brown cattle showed significant advantages in body size development and meat performance compared with Kazak cattle, and the meat quality was more outstanding.

Key words: Xinjiang brown cattle; Kazak cattle; meat performance; meat quality

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆褐牛与哈萨克牛肉用性能和肉品质。【方法】选取12月龄健康新疆褐牛、哈萨克牛阉牛各5头,在同样的饲养管理条件下,持续育肥18个月后屠宰,利用体尺测定、屠宰测定和检测分析的方法对新疆褐牛和哈萨克牛体尺发育、肉用性能和肉品质分析测定。【结果】体尺测定新疆褐牛体高、十字部高均显著高于哈萨克牛(P<0.05),通过屠宰测定,新疆褐牛后腿围,大腿肉厚,胴体重,眼肌面积均显著高于哈萨克牛(P<0.05),新疆褐牛剪切力显著低于哈萨克牛(P<0.05);肉色亮度值(L^*),红色度(a^*),黄色度值(b^*)新疆褐牛均显著高于哈萨克牛(P<0.05),脂肪和蛋白质含量显著高于哈萨克牛(P<0.05)。【结论】新疆褐牛与哈萨克牛相比在体尺发育和肉用性能方面表现出显著优势,且肉品质较为突出。

关键词: 新疆褐牛, 哈萨克牛, 肉用性能, 肉品质

CLC Number:

S823

DU Wei, LI Hongbo, ZHOU Zhenyong, ZHANG Jinshan, CUI Fanrong, YE Zhibing, YUAN Lixing, ZHANG YANG. Comparative Analysis on Meat Performance and Meat Quality of Xinjiang Brown Cattle and Kazak Cattle[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1814-1819.

杜玮, 李红波, 周振勇, 张金山, 崔繁荣, 叶志兵, 袁理星, 张杨. 新疆褐牛、哈萨克牛产肉性能及肉品质对比分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1814-1819.

Figures/Tables 4

References 15

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品种 Breed	体高 Body Height (cm)	十字部高 Crisscross Height (cm)	体斜长 Oblique length (cm)	胸围 Bust meas urement (cm)	管围 Circumference of cannon bone (cm)	后腿围 Hind legs around (cm)	胸深 chest depth (cm)	胸宽 chest breadth (cm)	尻长 Rump length (cm)	腰角宽 Waist width (cm)	髋宽 Hip Width (cm)	坐骨宽 Sciatic wide (cm)
哈萨克牛 Kazakh Cattle	129.8±2.52^b	135.3±2.27^b	165.2±2.87	213.2±6.81	22.2±0.8	114.8±1.71	77.8±2.06	50.8±1.07	54.2±1.24	53.8±1.11	51.5±2.27	16.0±0.54
新疆褐牛 XinJiang brown cattle	140.8±1.28^a	145.2±2.01^a	169.8±3.99	228.2±4.89	23.6±0.67	121.0±3.13	79.6±0.93	53.0±0.95	56.0±0.89	55.8±1.32	54.6±1.04	17.0±0.33

品种 Breed	体高 Body Height (cm)	十字部高 Crisscross Height (cm)	体斜长 Oblique length (cm)	胸围 Bust meas urement (cm)	管围 Circumference of cannon bone (cm)	后腿围 Hind legs around (cm)	胸深 chest depth (cm)	胸宽 chest breadth (cm)	尻长 Rump length (cm)	腰角宽 Waist width (cm)	髋宽 Hip Width (cm)	坐骨宽 Sciatic wide (cm)
哈萨克牛 Kazakh Cattle	129.8±2.52^b	135.3±2.27^b	165.2±2.87	213.2±6.81	22.2±0.8	114.8±1.71	77.8±2.06	50.8±1.07	54.2±1.24	53.8±1.11	51.5±2.27	16.0±0.54
新疆褐牛 XinJiang brown cattle	140.8±1.28^a	145.2±2.01^a	169.8±3.99	228.2±4.89	23.6±0.67	121.0±3.13	79.6±0.93	53.0±0.95	56.0±0.89	55.8±1.32	54.6±1.04	17.0±0.33

品种 Breed	胴体长 Body length (cm)	三肋宽 Three rib width (cm)	七肋宽 Seven rib width (cm)	肋部肉厚 Ribs thick meat (cm)	腰部肉厚 The waist thick meat (cm)	背膘厚 Thickness of backfat (cm)	后腿长 Hind legs long (cm)	后腿宽 Hind legs wide (cm)	后腿围 Hind legs around (cm)	大腿肉厚 Thigh meat thick (cm)	眼肌面积 Eye muscle area (cm²)	胴体重 Carcass weight (kg)	宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter (kg)	屠宰率 Dressing percentage (%)
哈萨克牛 Kazakh Cattle	160.4±1.72	78.4±1.12	83.8±2.44	5.43±0.49	7.88±0.63	1.56±0.17	82.4±0.4b	58.6 ±2.62	95.6±1.21^b	19.58±0.31^b	96.52±2.86^b	309±10.08^b	560±40.32	55.18
新疆褐牛 XinJiang brown cattle	164.5±1.66	79.75±2.06	89.75±4.17	6.18±0.23	9.95±1.62	1.83±0.37	86.0±0.71^a	62.00±2.58	101.75±1.7^a	21.75±0.92^a	105.15±3.0^a	388±16.64^a	645±34.60	60.16

品种 Breed	胴体长 Body length (cm)	三肋宽 Three rib width (cm)	七肋宽 Seven rib width (cm)	肋部肉厚 Ribs thick meat (cm)	腰部肉厚 The waist thick meat (cm)	背膘厚 Thickness of backfat (cm)	后腿长 Hind legs long (cm)	后腿宽 Hind legs wide (cm)	后腿围 Hind legs around (cm)	大腿肉厚 Thigh meat thick (cm)	眼肌面积 Eye muscle area (cm²)	胴体重 Carcass weight (kg)	宰前活重 Live weight before slaughter (kg)	屠宰率 Dressing percentage (%)
哈萨克牛 Kazakh Cattle	160.4±1.72	78.4±1.12	83.8±2.44	5.43±0.49	7.88±0.63	1.56±0.17	82.4±0.4b	58.6 ±2.62	95.6±1.21^b	19.58±0.31^b	96.52±2.86^b	309±10.08^b	560±40.32	55.18
新疆褐牛 XinJiang brown cattle	164.5±1.66	79.75±2.06	89.75±4.17	6.18±0.23	9.95±1.62	1.83±0.37	86.0±0.71^a	62.00±2.58	101.75±1.7^a	21.75±0.92^a	105.15±3.0^a	388±16.64^a	645±34.60	60.16

品种 Breed	剪切力 Shear force (N)	蒸煮损失 Cooking loss (%)	PH	肉色Fleshcolor
品种 Breed	剪切力 Shear force (N)	蒸煮损失 Cooking loss (%)	PH	L值(L^*)	a值(a^*)	b值(b^*)
哈萨克牛 Kazakh Cattle	7.96±0.69^a	29.60±1.59	5.63±0.05	34.68±0.59^b	25.74±0.88^b	12.04±0.69^b
新疆褐牛 XinJiang brown cattle	5.1±0.47^b	29.66±3.46	5.70±0.06	36.86±0.9^a	28.21±0.68^a	13.83±0.54^a