Response of root anatomical structure of different rootstock resources of almond to drought stress

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.014

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 897-907.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.014

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Forestry·Facility Agriculture • Previous Articles Next Articles

Response of root anatomical structure of different rootstock resources of almond to drought stress

TANG Xixi¹^,²(), Mubarek Ayup²(), XU Panyun², YU Qiuhong³, GUO Chunmiao², ZHANG Ping¹(), GONG Peng²

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
3. College of Pratacultural and Environmental Sciences,Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China

Received:2022-06-03 Online:2023-04-20 Published:2023-05-06
Correspondence author: ZHANG Ping(1980-),femail,Shandong native,associate professor,main research direction:forest genetic improvement,(E-mail)zhang2003215@126.com;Mubarek Ayup(1981-), female, from Shache, Xinjiang, doctor, main research direction: stress physiology and ecology of fruit trees, (E-mail)mubarek@ms.xjb.ac.cn
Supported by:
Basic Scientific R &D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(KY2020110);Basic Scientific R &D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(KY2021141);Basic Scientific R &D Program of Public Welfare Research Institutions of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China(KY2022039);National Natural Science Foundation of China(31860538);Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang “Construction Project of Shache Badam (Almond) Research Institute”

扁桃不同砧木资源根系解剖结构对干旱胁迫的响应

唐茜茜¹^,²(), 木巴热克·阿尤普²(), 许盼云², 于秋红³, 郭春苗², 张萍¹(), 龚鹏²

1.新疆农业大学/林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业大学草业与环境科学学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

通讯作者: 张萍(1980-),女,山东人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为林木遗传改良,(E-mail)zhang2003215@126.com;木巴热克·阿尤普(1981-),女,新疆莎车人,副研究员,博士,研究方向为果树逆境生理生态,(E-mail)mubarek@ms.xjb.ac.cn
作者简介:唐茜茜(1996-),女,江苏南通人,硕士研究生,研究方向为林木遗传与良种选育,(E-mail)1778923221@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务(KY2020110);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务(KY2021141);新疆维吾尔自治区公益性科研院所基本科研业务(KY2022039);国家自然科学基金项目(31860538);新疆自然科学基金面上项目“莎车巴旦姆(扁桃)研究所建设项目”

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To study the response of root anatomical structure characteristics of current year seedlings of 6 different rootstock resources of almond to moderate soil drought stress with a cycle of 60 days through water control pot experiment, so as to provide morphological and anatomical basis for the study of drought resistance mechanism of almond rootstock. 【Methods】12 indexes related to the anatomical structure of root tissue and xylem were obtained by optical microscope, and biological statistical analysis was carried out. 【Results】The index values of root cork layer, cork layer number, xylem proportion and vascular bundle proportion of Dabadan and Shitou almond were higher than those of other rootstock resources (P< 0.05), and the cork layer and cork layer number increased after drought stress (P > 0.05); Four structural indexes related to drought resistance were selected by principal component analysis, such as the thickness of cork layer of coarse root (D ≥ 5 mm), the thickness of cork layer of fine root (2<D< 4 mm), the proportion of xylem of coarse root and the diameter of lateral root canal; Through the method of membership function analysis, the drought resistance of almond rootstock resources at seedling stage were ranked from the perspective of root anatomical structure. The results were as follows: Babadan > Shitou almond > Bitter almond > Taobadan 2 > Taobadan 1 > peach.【Conclusion】Almond rootstock resources have a higher degree of root lignification, and have better adaptability to drought stress environment than other rootstock resources.

Key words: almond rootstock; root anatomy; membership function; drought resistance

摘要：

【目的】研究扁桃6个不同砧木资源当年生实生苗根系解剖结构特征对周期为60 d的中度土壤干旱胁迫的响应,为扁桃砧木抗旱机理的研究提供形态解剖学的依据。【方法】采用水分控制盆栽试验,运用光学显微镜观察,获取根组织解剖结构和木质部解剖结构相关12项指标,分析生物学特性。【结果】大巴旦和石头扁桃的根木栓层、木栓层数、木质部占比以及维管束占比等指标值比其它砧木资源的高(P<0.05),且干旱胁迫之后,其木栓层、木栓层数均增加(P>0.05);主成分分析筛选出主根(D≥5 mm)木栓层厚度、侧根(2<D<4 mm)木栓层厚度、主根木质部占比以及侧根导管直径等4项抗旱性相关指标;从根系解剖结构角度对扁桃不同砧木资源苗期进行抗旱性排序为大巴旦>石头扁桃>苦扁桃>桃巴旦2号>桃巴旦1号>桃。【结论】扁桃本砧资源根系的木质化程度较高,与其他砧木资源相比对干旱胁迫环境具有更好的适应能力。

关键词: 扁桃砧木, 根系解剖结构, 隶属函数, 抗旱性

CLC Number:

S664.9

TANG Xixi, Mubarek Ayup, XU Panyun, YU Qiuhong, GUO Chunmiao, ZHANG Ping, GONG Peng. Response of root anatomical structure of different rootstock resources of almond to drought stress[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(4): 897-907.

唐茜茜, 木巴热克·阿尤普, 许盼云, 于秋红, 郭春苗, 张萍, 龚鹏. 扁桃不同砧木资源根系解剖结构对干旱胁迫的响应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 897-907.

Figures/Tables 11

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指标 Target	缩写 Ablorevia- tion	测量倍数 Measurement multiple	备注 Remarks
木质部面积 Xylem area	X_A	10×4
韧皮部面积 Phloem area	PH_A	10×4
维管束面积 Vascular bundle area	VB_A	10×4
木质部占比 Proportion of xylem	X(%)	10×4	木质部面积占总根面积的占比
韧皮部占比 Proportion of phloem	PH(%)	10×4	韧皮部面积占总根面积的占比
维管束占比 Proportion of vascular bundles	VB(%)	10×4	维管束面积占总根面积的占比
木栓层厚度 Cork layer thickness	CL	10×40
木栓层层数 Number of cork layers	CL_N	10×40
导管直径 vessel diameter	D	10×40
导管壁厚度 Vessel wall thickness	D_WT	10×40
导管密度 Vessel density	V_D	10×40	单位木质部面积内的导管数占比

指标 Target	缩写 Ablorevia- tion	测量倍数 Measurement multiple	备注 Remarks
木质部面积 Xylem area	X_A	10×4
韧皮部面积 Phloem area	PH_A	10×4
维管束面积 Vascular bundle area	VB_A	10×4
木质部占比 Proportion of xylem	X(%)	10×4	木质部面积占总根面积的占比
韧皮部占比 Proportion of phloem	PH(%)	10×4	韧皮部面积占总根面积的占比
维管束占比 Proportion of vascular bundles	VB(%)	10×4	维管束面积占总根面积的占比
木栓层厚度 Cork layer thickness	CL	10×40
木栓层层数 Number of cork layers	CL_N	10×40
导管直径 vessel diameter	D	10×40
导管壁厚度 Vessel wall thickness	D_WT	10×40
导管密度 Vessel density	V_D	10×40	单位木质部面积内的导管数占比

指标 Indexes	处理组 Treatment grcap	砧木资源Rootstock resources
		桃×扁桃天然杂交Peach×Almond		桃Peach		扁桃Almond
		桃巴旦1号 Peach × Almond 1 varity	桃巴旦2号 Peach × Almond 2 varity	毛桃 Peach	石头扁桃 Stone almond	大巴旦 Big almond	苦扁桃 Ku almond
X_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	1.47±0.32^bc	4.71±0.502^a	1.16±0.52^c	2.52±0.50^bc	4.18±1.74^ab	2.75±0.36^b
X_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	2.08±0.20^b	3.53±0.36^a	1.62±0.54^b	3.78±1.20^a	3.18±1.21^ab	4.04±0.75^a
PH_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	4.07±1.38^ab	2.98±0.20^b	4.89±1.59^a	1.60±0.30^b	2.43±0.54^b	1.83±0.16^b
PH_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	3.80±0.96^a	3.28±0.43^ab	4.27±0.47^a	2.31±0.61^b	2.03±0.50^b	2.44±0.91^b
VB_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	5.54±1.59^ab	7.68±0.31^a	6.05±1.47^ab	4.12±0.75^b	6.61±2.27^ab	4.59±0.50^b
VB_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	5.88±1.16^a	6.82±0.79^a	5.90±0.84^a	6.09±1.74^a	5.13±1.70^a	6.48±0.97^a
X_AT (%)	对照 CK	24.46±4.85^b	53.60±5.70^a	17.49±9.16^b	53.51±2.00^a	57.89±8.28^a	52.64±2.09^a
X_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	32.52±3.54^c	47.85±2.56^b	22.80±4.70^d	54.19±4.11^ab	60.70±3.33^a	52.92±6.96^ab
PH_AT (%)	对照 CK	65.85±5.52^a	34.00±4.23^b	70.82±10.99^a	34.05±4.20^b	34.902.93^b	35.13±1.51^b
PH_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	58.23±4.79^a	44.42±3.37^b	61.56±6.36^a	33.72±4.16^c	39.68±3.29^bc	31.79±9.74^c
VB_AT (%)	对照 CK	90.31±2.53^a	87.60±6.75^a	88.30±2.00^a	87.56±3.84^a	92.79±7.65^a	87.77±1.25^a
VB_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	90.75±5.36^bc	92.27±5.70^b	84.36±1.81^c	87.91±0.05^bc	98.58±2.61^a	84.72±3.26^c
CL_T	对照 CK	14.74±2.05^ab*	14.54±2.96^ab	15.24±5.00^ab	13.50±4.64^b	18.94±3.75^a	17.34±2.83^ab
CL_T	干旱胁迫	10.84±1.67^b*	14.97±1.94^b	13.25±9.03^b	17.96±2.48^ab	22.28±6.58^a	18.58±2.73^ab

指标 Indexes	处理组 Treatment grcap	砧木资源Rootstock resources
		桃×扁桃天然杂交Peach×Almond		桃Peach		扁桃Almond
		桃巴旦1号 Peach × Almond 1 varity	桃巴旦2号 Peach × Almond 2 varity	毛桃 Peach	石头扁桃 Stone almond	大巴旦 Big almond	苦扁桃 Ku almond
X_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	1.47±0.32^bc	4.71±0.502^a	1.16±0.52^c	2.52±0.50^bc	4.18±1.74^ab	2.75±0.36^b
X_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	2.08±0.20^b	3.53±0.36^a	1.62±0.54^b	3.78±1.20^a	3.18±1.21^ab	4.04±0.75^a
PH_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	4.07±1.38^ab	2.98±0.20^b	4.89±1.59^a	1.60±0.30^b	2.43±0.54^b	1.83±0.16^b
PH_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	3.80±0.96^a	3.28±0.43^ab	4.27±0.47^a	2.31±0.61^b	2.03±0.50^b	2.44±0.91^b
VB_AT (mm²)	对照 CK	5.54±1.59^ab	7.68±0.31^a	6.05±1.47^ab	4.12±0.75^b	6.61±2.27^ab	4.59±0.50^b
VB_AT (mm²)	干旱胁迫	5.88±1.16^a	6.82±0.79^a	5.90±0.84^a	6.09±1.74^a	5.13±1.70^a	6.48±0.97^a
X_AT (%)	对照 CK	24.46±4.85^b	53.60±5.70^a	17.49±9.16^b	53.51±2.00^a	57.89±8.28^a	52.64±2.09^a
X_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	32.52±3.54^c	47.85±2.56^b	22.80±4.70^d	54.19±4.11^ab	60.70±3.33^a	52.92±6.96^ab
PH_AT (%)	对照 CK	65.85±5.52^a	34.00±4.23^b	70.82±10.99^a	34.05±4.20^b	34.902.93^b	35.13±1.51^b
PH_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	58.23±4.79^a	44.42±3.37^b	61.56±6.36^a	33.72±4.16^c	39.68±3.29^bc	31.79±9.74^c
VB_AT (%)	对照 CK	90.31±2.53^a	87.60±6.75^a	88.30±2.00^a	87.56±3.84^a	92.79±7.65^a	87.77±1.25^a
VB_AT (%)	干旱胁迫	90.75±5.36^bc	92.27±5.70^b	84.36±1.81^c	87.91±0.05^bc	98.58±2.61^a	84.72±3.26^c
CL_T	对照 CK	14.74±2.05^ab*	14.54±2.96^ab	15.24±5.00^ab	13.50±4.64^b	18.94±3.75^a	17.34±2.83^ab
CL_T	干旱胁迫	10.84±1.67^b*	14.97±1.94^b	13.25±9.03^b	17.96±2.48^ab	22.28±6.58^a	18.58±2.73^ab

指标 Indexes	处理组 Treatment grcap	砧木资源Rootstock resources
		桃×扁桃天然杂交Peach×Almond		桃Peach		扁桃Almond
		桃巴旦1号 Peach × Almond 1 varity	桃巴旦2号 Peach ×Almond 2 varity	毛桃 Peach	石头扁桃 Stone almond	大巴旦 Big almond	苦扁桃 Ku almond
X_Al (mm²)	对照 CK	0.92±0.12^b	1.45±0.22^a	0.55±0.16^c	1.12±0.15^ab	0.82±0.35^bc	0.98±0.36^b
X_Al (mm²)	干旱胁迫	0.87±0.07^b	1.34±0.13^a	0.61±0.35^b	0.82±0.05^b	0.89±0.28^b	0.66±0.32^b
PH_AL (mm²)	对照 CK	0.87±0.17^a	0.55±0.09^b	0.47±0.16^b	0.34±0.06^b	0.38±0.08^b	0.41±0.22^b
PH_AL (mm²)	干旱胁迫	0.57±0.09^ab	0.45±0.05^ab	0.60±0.40^a	0.29±0.07^b	0.41±0.11^ab	0.20±0.04^b
VB_AL (mm²)	对照 CK	1.79±0.29^a	2.00±0.13^a	1.03±0.32^b	1.46±0.21^ab	1.21±0.39^b	1.39±0.58^ab
VB_AL (mm²)	干旱胁迫	1.44±0.12^ab	1.79±0.12^a	1.22±0.74^b	1.11±0.11^b	1.30±0.26^ab	0.86±0.36^b
X_AL (%)	对照 CK	29.51±1.46^c	43.78±10.70^ab	19.43±1.96^d	53.73±1.50^a	38.90±8.37^b	41.23±1.87^b
X_AL (%)	干旱胁迫	28.11±3.01^b	43.67±2.63^a	19.18±4.99^c	47.11±4.15^a	39.93±8.73^a	40.50±9.54^a
PH_AL (%)	对照 CK	27.66±1.31^a	16.50±1.08^b	16.46±2.62^b	23.14±0.50^ab	18.46±2.56^b	16.47±4.30^b
PH_AL (%)	干旱胁迫	18.67±3.07^a	14.73±1.66^a	18.50±4.81^a	16.27±1.54^a	18.95±4.60^a	13.42±2.67^a
VB_AL (%)	对照 CK	57.17±1.10^b	60.28±9.62^ab	35.88±4.45^c	69.91±2.41^a	57.36±6.00^b	57.71±3.88^b
VB_AL (%)	干旱胁迫	46.77±4.32^b	58.40±1.36^a	37.68±8.78^c	63.38±3.51^a	58.88±4.20^a	53.92±7.77^ab
CL_L	对照 CK	22.52±3.77^b*	26.07±5.11^b	35.63±6.34^ab	44.05±0.02^a	35.95±6.18^ab	35.36±11.95^ab
CL_L	干旱胁迫	33.01±4.52^bc*	29.97±2.49^c	37.48±1.43^b	45.07±5.67^a	43.75±8.58^ab	39.58±1.29^ab
CL_NL	对照CK	6.09±0.59^b*	7.42±1.06^b	5.88±1.51^b	10.80±0.28^a	8.43±1.18^ab	8.16±2.46^ab
CL_NL	干旱胁迫	7.15±0.74^b*	7.53±0.38^b	7.88±0.22^b	11.24±1.51^a	10.42±3.76^ab	8.17±0.81^b

Response of root anatomical structure of different rootstock resources of almond to drought stress

扁桃不同砧木资源根系解剖结构对干旱胁迫的响应

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Figures/Tables 11

References 45

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成分 Comp- onent	初始特征值 Initial eigenvalue			提取平方和载入 Extract the sum of squares and load
成分 Comp- onent	合计 Total	方差的% Variance of %	累积 Accum- ulation (%)	合计 Total	方差的% Variance of %	累积 Accum- ulation (%)
1	3.802	34.566	34.566	3.802	34.566	34.566
2	2.219	20.17	54.736	2.219	20.17	54.736
3	1.606	14.601	69.336	1.606	14.601	69.336
4	1.093	9.94	79.277	1.093	9.94	79.277
5	0.819	7.45	86.726
6	0.535	4.864	91.59
7	0.364	3.306	94.897
8	0.239	2.176	97.073
9	0.171	1.551	98.624
10	0.11	1.004	99.628
11	0.041	0.372	100

指标 Indexes	成份 Principal components
指标 Indexes	1	2	3	4
VB_AT (%)	0.797	0.067	-0.093	-0.427
CL_L	0.461	-0.367	0.712	0.054
CL_NL	0.621	-0.467	0.511	0.178
D_L	0.348	0.573	-0.164	0.59
D_WTL	0.654	0.531	0.216	0.023
V_DT	0.769	-0.055	-0.017	-0.073
CL_T	0.277	-0.766	-0.244	0.402
X_AT (%)	0.906	-0.096	-0.175	-0.088
VB_AT (%)	0.401	-0.165	-0.61	0.392
X_AL	0.608	0.41	-0.302	-0.259
WD	0.026	0.676	0.449	0.366

砧木资源 Rootstock resources		指标 Indexes
砧木资源 Rootstock resources		CL_T	X_AT (%)	D_L	CL_L	平均值 Average value	抗旱性排序 Drought resistance ranking
桃×扁桃天然杂交 Natural hybrid of peach × almond	桃巴旦1号	0.279 5	0.315 8	0.538 4	0.295 7	0.357 4	5
桃×扁桃天然杂交 Natural hybrid of peach × almond	桃巴旦2号	0.341 9	0.741 2	0.506 8	0.305 8	0.473 9	4
桃 Peach	毛桃	0.322 3	0.156 1	0.314 6	0.557 5	0.337 6	6
扁桃 Almond	石头扁桃	0.363 8	0.801 0	0.389 5	0.823 1	0.594 3	2
	大巴旦	0.594 6	0.905 1	0.813 6	0.649 4	0.740 7	1
	苦扁桃	0.471 3	0.780 5	0.309 7	0.590 5	0.538 0	3

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