干旱胁迫对大麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.008

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (8): 1879-1886.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.008

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

干旱胁迫对大麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

鞠乐¹^,²(), 齐军仓¹(), 陈培育², 牛银亭², 阴志刚²

1.石河子大学农学院,新疆石河子 832003
2.南阳市农业科学院,河南南阳 473000

收稿日期:2022-11-20 出版日期:2023-08-20 发布日期:2023-08-14
通信作者: 齐军仓(1971-),男,陕西宝鸡人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为大麦遗传育种与栽培,(E-mail)shzqjc@qq.com
作者简介:鞠乐(1987-),女,河南邓州人,助理研究员,研究方向为杂粮遗传育种与栽培,(E-mail)695112004@qq.com
基金资助:
财政部和农业农村部:国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-05-19B)

Effects of drought stress on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of barley

JU Le¹^,²(), QI Juncang¹(), CHEN Peiyu², NIU Yinting², YIN Zhigang²

1. College of Agronomy, Shihezi University, Shihezi Xinjiang 832003, China
2. Nanyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanyang Henan 473000, China

Received:2022-11-20 Online:2023-08-20 Published:2023-08-14
Correspondence author: QI Juncang (1971-), male, Han, born in Baoji, Shaanxi Province, professor, doctoral supervisor. Research interests: Genetic breeding and cultivation techniques of barley,(E-mail)shzqjc@qq.com
Supported by:
The Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(CARS-05-19B)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究干旱胁迫对大麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响,筛选出PEG处理液最佳浓度,为构建大麦种子萌发期抗旱性评价提供理论依据。【方法】采用不同分子量、不同浓度PEG溶液模拟干旱胁迫进行大麦种子发芽试验,测定发芽势、发芽率、根长、芽长、芽鞘长、苗干重、根干重、芽干重,以及SOD、CAT、POD活性及丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖含量等指标。【结果】(1)随着PEG浓度增加,大麦种子发芽率差异不显著;而发芽势仅在20%PEG处理下与对照差异显著。(2)随着PEG浓度的增加,对大麦幼苗生长具有显著的抑制作用。(3)随着PEG浓度的增加,丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量以及SOD、POD活性均总体呈显著上升趋势,而CAT活性与可溶性蛋白含量变化与对照相比差异不显著。【结论】20%PEG 8 000是大麦种子萌发期比较理想的抗旱性鉴定浓度。

关键词: 大麦; 种子萌发; PEG; 形态指标; 生理指标

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of drought stress on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of barley in order to screen out the best concentration of PEG treatment solution, and provide theoretical basis for establishing drought resistance evaluation of barley seed germination.【Methods】 Germination tests were carried out on barley seeds by using PEG solutions of different molecular weights and different concentrations to simulate drought stress.The measurement indicators include germination potential, germination rate, root length, bud length, bud length, seedling dry weight, root dry weight, bud dry weight, SOD, CAT and POD activities, Malondialdehyde, proline, soluble protein and soluble sugar content.【Results】 (1)With the increase of PEG concentration, there was no significant difference in germination rate of barley seeds; The germination potential was significantly different only under 20% PEG treatment.(2) With the increase of PEG concentration, the growth of barley seedlings was significantly inhibited.(3)With the increase of PEG concentration, the contents of malondialdehyde, proline and soluble sugar as well as the activities of SOD and POD were significantly increased, while the changes of CAT activity and soluble protein content were not significant compared with the control.【Conclusion】 20% PEG 8,000 is the ideal concentration of drought resistance identification in barley seed germination stage.

Key words: barley; seed germination; PEG; morphological indicators; physiological indexes

中图分类号:

S512

鞠乐, 齐军仓, 陈培育, 牛银亭, 阴志刚. 干旱胁迫对大麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1879-1886.

JU Le, QI Juncang, CHEN Peiyu, NIU Yinting, YIN Zhigang. Effects of drought stress on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of barley[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(8): 1879-1886.

图/表 6

参考文献 16

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PEG 分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG 浓度 PEG concen tration (W/V)(%)	发芽势 Germin- ation poten tial (%)	发芽率 Germin- ation rate (%)	相对发芽势 Relative germin- ation potential	相对发芽率 Relative germin- ation rate
4 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	89^ab	93^abc	0.99^a	0.97^ab
	10	87^ab	90^abcd	0.96^a	0.94^ab
	15	83^ab	91^abcd	0.93^a	0.96^ab
	20	47^c	82^d	0.52^b	0.86^b
6 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	91^a	96^ab	1.02^a	1.01^a
	10	87^ab	96^ab	0.96^a	1.01^a
	15	81^ab	96^ab	0.90^a	1.01^a
	20	52^c	85^cd	0.58^b	0.89^ab
8 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	79^b	87^bcd	0.88^a	0.92^ab
	10	81^ab	90^abcd	0.90^a	0.94^ab
	15	88^ab	95^ab	0.98^a	1.00^a
	20	81^ab	96^ab	0.90^a	1.01^a
10 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	91^ab	93^abc	1.01^a	0.97^ab
	10	86^ab	91^abcd	0.96^a	0.95^ab
	15	89^ab	97^a	0.99^a	1.02^a
	20	41^c	91^abcd	0.45^b	0.95^ab

PEG 分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG 浓度 PEG concen tration (W/V)(%)	发芽势 Germin- ation poten tial (%)	发芽率 Germin- ation rate (%)	相对发芽势 Relative germin- ation potential	相对发芽率 Relative germin- ation rate
4 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	89^ab	93^abc	0.99^a	0.97^ab
	10	87^ab	90^abcd	0.96^a	0.94^ab
	15	83^ab	91^abcd	0.93^a	0.96^ab
	20	47^c	82^d	0.52^b	0.86^b
6 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	91^a	96^ab	1.02^a	1.01^a
	10	87^ab	96^ab	0.96^a	1.01^a
	15	81^ab	96^ab	0.90^a	1.01^a
	20	52^c	85^cd	0.58^b	0.89^ab
8 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	79^b	87^bcd	0.88^a	0.92^ab
	10	81^ab	90^abcd	0.90^a	0.94^ab
	15	88^ab	95^ab	0.98^a	1.00^a
	20	81^ab	96^ab	0.90^a	1.01^a
10 000	0	90^ab	95^ab	1.00^a	1.00^a
	5	91^ab	93^abc	1.01^a	0.97^ab
	10	86^ab	91^abcd	0.96^a	0.95^ab
	15	89^ab	97^a	0.99^a	1.02^a
	20	41^c	91^abcd	0.45^b	0.95^ab

PEG 分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concen- tration (W/V)(%)	根长 Root length (cm)	芽长 Buds long (cm)	芽鞘长 Bud sheath long(cm)
4 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	5.40^cdef	6.61^c	2.07^h
	10	4.73^efg	5.32^e	2.09^gh
	15	4.34^fg	4.17^fg	2.21^efgh
	20	3.00^h	2.53^h	2.11^gh
6 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.84^a	6.47^cd	2.22^defgh
	10	6.15^abcd	5.64^de	2.36^bcdef
	15	5.11^def	3.64^g	2.18^fgh
	20	3.97^gh	2.75^h	2.12^gh
8 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.30^abc	8.56^ab	2.26^defgh
	10	6.26^abc	7.85^b	2.33^cdefg
	15	6.74^a	6.51^cd	2.42^bcde
	20	5.63^bcde	4.77^ef	2.46^bcd
10 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.49^ab	8.95^a	2.30^cdefgh
	10	7.08^a	8.12^ab	2.51^bc
	15	6.92^a	6.66^c	2.76^a
	20	5.22^cdef	4.80^ef	2.59^ab

PEG 分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concen- tration (W/V)(%)	根长 Root length (cm)	芽长 Buds long (cm)	芽鞘长 Bud sheath long(cm)
4 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	5.40^cdef	6.61^c	2.07^h
	10	4.73^efg	5.32^e	2.09^gh
	15	4.34^fg	4.17^fg	2.21^efgh
	20	3.00^h	2.53^h	2.11^gh
6 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.84^a	6.47^cd	2.22^defgh
	10	6.15^abcd	5.64^de	2.36^bcdef
	15	5.11^def	3.64^g	2.18^fgh
	20	3.97^gh	2.75^h	2.12^gh
8 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.30^abc	8.56^ab	2.26^defgh
	10	6.26^abc	7.85^b	2.33^cdefg
	15	6.74^a	6.51^cd	2.42^bcde
	20	5.63^bcde	4.77^ef	2.46^bcd
10 000	0	4.88^efg	6.51^cd	1.80ⁱ
	5	6.49^ab	8.95^a	2.30^cdefgh
	10	7.08^a	8.12^ab	2.51^bc
	15	6.92^a	6.66^c	2.76^a
	20	5.22^cdef	4.80^ef	2.59^ab

PEG分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concentration (W/V)(%)	苗干重 Seedling dry weight (mg)	根干重 Root dry weight (mg)	芽干重 Shoot dry weight (mg)	根冠比 Root shoot ratio	物质转运速率 Material transport rate (%)
4 000	0	144.8^bc	56.6^ef	88.2^abc	0.64^g	42.86^abc
	5	149.5^ab	68.1^abcd	81.4^bcd	0.84^de	41.82^abcd
	10	118.5^de	58.6^de	59.9^efg	0.98^bcd	34.61^ef
	15	106.4^ef	56.1^ef	50.3^gh	1.11^ab	28.39^g
	20	84.9^fg	45.7^fg	39.1^h	1.17^a	20.00ⁱ
6 000	0	144.8^bc	56.6^ef	88.2^abc	0.64^g	42.86^abc
	5	157.2^ab	70.0^abc	87.3^bc	0.80^ef	40.58^bcd
	10	142.4^bcd	69.4^abcd	73.0^cde	0.95^cd	34.94^ef
	15	104.0^efg	53.9^ef	50.1^gh	1.08^abc	25.95^gh
	20	80.5^g	41.6^g	39.0^h	1.07^abc	20.94^hi
8 000	0	144.8^bc	56.6^ef	88.2^abc	0.64^g	42.86^abc
	5	171.6^a	68.4^abcd	103.2^a	0.66^fg	46.73^a
	10	162.4^ab	70.3^abc	92.1^ab	0.76^efg	41.57^abcd
	15	151.9^ab	76.1^a	75.8^cd	1.00^bc	36.80^de
	20	123.3^cde	63.9^bcde	59.4^efg	1.08^abc	30.52^fg
10 000	0	144.8^bc	56.6^ef	88.2^abc	0.64^g	42.86^abc
	5	155.3^ab	62.8^cde	92.4^ab	0.68^fg	43.68^ab
	10	154.8^ab	71.1^abc	83.7^bcd	0.85^de	43.32^ab
	15	144.9^bc	74.3^ab	70.7^def	1.05^abc	37.64^cde
	20	111.8^e	56.6^ef	55.2^fg	1.02^abc	28.50^g

干旱胁迫对大麦种子萌发、幼苗生长及生理特性的影响

Effects of drought stress on seed germination, seedling growth and physiological characteristics of barley

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参考文献 16

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Metrics

PEG分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concentration (W/V)(%)	SOD活性 SOD activity (μ/(g·min FW))	CAT活性 CAT activity (μ/(g·min FW))	POD活性 POD activity (μ/(g·min FW))
4 000	0	49.23^efgh	561.11^abcd	78.33ⁱ
	5	41.19^k	471.11^def	293.75^efgh
	10	46.46^hij	390.00^fgh	310.58^defg
	15	47.51^ghi	313.33^gh	223.42^gh
	20	44.49^ijk	261.11^h	391.75^abcd
6 000	0	49.23^efgh	561.11^abcd	78.33ⁱ
	5	43.18^jk	500.00^def	348.58^cdef
	10	53.60^bcd	551.11^abcde	368.92^bcde
	15	51.44^def	510.00^def	355.67^cdef
	20	58.90^a	467.78^def	263.67^fgh
8 000	0	49.23^efgh	561.11^abcd	78.33ⁱ
	5	51.82^cde	540.00^bcde	318.42^def
	10	53.94^bcd	670.00^ab	471.33^a
	15	56.40^ab	417.78^efg	292.58^efgh
	20	55.33^abc	408.89^efg	215.17^h
10 000	0	49.23^efgh	561.11^abcd	78.33ⁱ
	5	31.71^l	513.33^def	217.25^gh
	10	43.50^jk	685.56^a	390.58^abcd
	15	48.09^fghi	664.44^abc	415.67^abc
	20	51.03^defg	526.67^cdef	461.67^ab

PEG分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concentration (W/V)(%)	丙二醛含量 Malondialdehyde content(μmol/g)	脯氨酸含量 Proline content (μg/g)	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content(mg/g)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content(mg/g)
4 000	0	13.95^l	31.79^kl	11.68^cdef	14.03^kl
	5	15.53^k	33.90^kl	10.34^fg	17.50ⁱ
	10	25.48^f	55.55^j	11.15^defg	12.19^l
	15	23.90^gh	126.86^h	11.73^cdef	14.93^jk
	20	23.51^h	541.35^a	12.83^abc	28.65^e
6 000	0	13.95^l	31.79^kl	11.68^cdef	14.03^kl
	5	23.79^gh	28.95^l	9.99^g	13.83^kl
	10	32.56^c	60.36^j	11.89^bcdef	16.04^ij
	15	32.91^c	225.45^f	12.13^bcde	21.80^h
	20	30.80^d	365.26^d	12.38^bcd	25.90^f
8 000	0	13.95^l	31.79^kl	11.68^cdef	14.03^kl
	5	19.84^j	58.51^j	10.55^efg	24.15^fg
	10	22.56ⁱ	110.17ⁱ	12.51^abcd	30.28^de
	15	28.25^e	175.87^g	11.98^bcde	31.11^d
	20	34.81^a	413.63^c	13.03^abc	34.80^c
10 000	0	13.95^l	31.79^kl	11.68^cdef	14.03^kl
	5	20.27^j	38.17^k	11.77^cdef	21.78^h
	10	24.50^g	101.80ⁱ	13.48^ab	23.26^gh
	15	34.00^b	294.82^e	11.89^bcdef	42.98^b
	20	34.39^ab	518.07^b	14.07^a	50.94^a

PEG分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concentr- ation (W/V)(%)	抗旱系数Drought resistance coefficient								均值 Mean value
PEG分子量 PEG molecular weight	PEG浓度 PEG concentr- ation (W/V)(%)	发芽势 Germination potential	发芽率 Germination rate	根长 Root length	芽长 Buds long	芽鞘长 Bud sheath long	根干重 Seedling dry weight	芽干重 Shoot dry weight	苗干重 Seedling dry weight	均值 Mean value
	0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	5	0.99	0.97	1.11	1.02	1.15	1.20	0.92	1.03	1.05
4 000	10	0.96	0.94	0.97	0.82	1.16	1.04	0.68	0.82	0.92
	15	0.93	0.96	0.89	0.64	1.23	0.99	0.57	0.73	0.87
	20	0.52	0.86	0.62	0.39	1.17	0.81	0.44	0.59	0.67
	0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	5	1.02	1.01	1.40	0.99	1.24	1.24	0.99	1.09	1.12
6 000	10	0.96	1.01	1.26	0.87	1.31	1.23	0.83	0.98	1.06
	15	0.90	1.01	1.05	0.56	1.21	0.95	0.57	0.72	0.87
	20	0.58	0.89	0.81	0.42	1.18	0.73	0.44	0.56	0.70
	0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	5	0.88	0.92	1.29	1.32	1.25	1.21	1.17	1.19	1.15
8 000	10	0.90	0.94	1.28	1.21	1.29	1.24	1.04	1.12	1.13
	15	0.98	1.00	1.38	1.00	1.34	1.34	0.86	1.05	1.12
	20	0.90	1.01	1.15	0.73	1.37	1.13	0.67	0.85	0.98
	0	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	5	1.01	0.97	1.33	1.37	1.28	1.11	1.05	1.07	1.15
10 000	10	0.96	0.95	1.45	1.25	1.40	1.26	0.95	1.07	1.16
	15	0.99	1.02	1.42	1.02	1.53	1.31	0.80	1.00	1.14
	20	0.45	0.95	1.07	0.74	1.44	1.00	0.63	0.77	0.88

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