不同谷子品种萌发期抗旱鉴定及生理变化

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (7): 1630-1640.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.07.009

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

不同谷子品种萌发期抗旱鉴定及生理变化

柏玲¹(), 冯国郡²(), 胡相伟², 赵云², 石书兵¹()

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2022-11-10 出版日期:2023-07-20 发布日期:2023-07-11
通信作者: 冯国郡(1970-),女,新疆奇台人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为杂粮育种及栽培,(E-mail)fengguojxj@126.com；
石书兵(1966-),男,山东人,教授,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为小麦优质高产栽培,(E-mail)shubshi@sina.com
作者简介:柏玲(1996-),女,山东泰安人,硕士研究生,研究方向为谷子抗旱性,(E-mail)2503685718@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“谷子种质资源抗旱性精准鉴定及耐旱相关基因的挖掘”(3206150401);国家谷子高粱产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-06-14.5-B30)

Drought resistance identification and physiological changes of different millet varieties during germination

BAI Ling¹(), FENG Guojun²(), HU Xiangwei², ZHAO Yun², SHI Shubing¹()

1. College of Agriculture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2022-11-10 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-07-11
Correspondence author: FENG Guojun (1970-), female, born in Qitai, Xinjiang, researcher, doctor, postgraduate supervisor, research direction:Miscellaneous grain breeding and cultivation,(E-mail)fengguojxj@126.com；
SHI Shubing (1966-), male, Shandong native, professor, doctoral supervisor, research direction for high quality and high yield cultivation of wheat, (E-mail)shubshi@sina.com
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation:precise identification of drought resistance of millet germplasm resources and excavation of drought-resistant genes(3206150401);National Millet and Sorghum Industrial Technology System Urumqi Comprehensive Experiment Station(CARS-06-14.5-B30)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究出谷子萌发期抗旱性相关指标,分析不同谷子品种萌发期内在抗氧化酶对干旱胁迫的响应机理,为筛选和培育适宜新疆地区种植的谷子品种提供参考。【方法】用20%的聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟萌发期干旱胁迫对15个谷子品种进行抗旱性鉴定,测定15个品种在干旱胁迫条件下SOD、POD、CAT和GR的活性。【结果】(1)干旱胁迫下,受试品种谷子的发芽势、发芽率、胚根长、胚芽长、芽鲜重、芽干重均受到不同程度的抑制,对发芽率的影响相对较小,但蒙丰谷7号等几个品种的根芽具有促进作用。(2)用隶属函数法进行抗旱性综合评价,将15个谷子品种的抗旱性划分等级,其中强抗旱型品种5个、中度抗旱型品种4个、干旱敏感型品种5个、干旱极敏感型1个。(3)干旱胁迫下不同品种谷子幼苗抗氧化酶SOD、POD、CAT、GR活性均有所上升,且耐旱性品种本身抗氧化酶活性就比较高且在干旱胁迫下维持较高水平。【结论】蒙丰谷7号的抗旱性最好。

关键词: 谷子; PEG; 抗氧化酶; 隶属函数值

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the impact of drought on millet germination, screen out drought resistance related indicators during millet germination, and further clarify the response mechanism of antioxidant enzymes in different millet varieties to drought stress during germination.the research results can provide a reference for selecting and cultivating millet varieties suitable for planting in Xinjiang.【Methods】 Using 20% polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) to simulate drought stress during germination, the drought resistance of 15 millet varieties was evaluated, and the changes in the activities of SOD, POD, CAT, and GR of 15 varieties under drought stress were measured to study their internal situation. 【Results】 (1) Under drought stress, the germination potential, germination rate, radicle length, plumule length, fresh weight, and dry weight of the tested millet varieties were inhibited to varying degrees, with a relatively small impact on the germination rate, but the root buds of several varieties such as Mengfenggu 7 had a promoting effect.(2) A comprehensive evaluation of drought resistance was conducted using the membership function method. The drought resistance of 15 millet varieties was graded, including 5 strong drought resistant varieties, 4 moderate drought resistant varieties, 5 drought sensitive varieties, and 1 drought extremely sensitive type. (3) Under drought stress, the activities of antioxidant enzymes SOD, POD, CAT, and GR in millet seedlings of different varieties increased, and the drought tolerant varieties themselves had relatively high antioxidant enzyme activities and could maintain high levels under drought stress. 【Conclusion】 Overall, Mengfenggu 7 has the best drought resistancehe.

Key words: millet; PEG; antioxidant enzyme; membership function value

中图分类号:

S515

柏玲, 冯国郡, 胡相伟, 赵云, 石书兵. 不同谷子品种萌发期抗旱鉴定及生理变化[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(7): 1630-1640.

BAI Ling, FENG Guojun, HU Xiangwei, ZHAO Yun, SHI Shubing. Drought resistance identification and physiological changes of different millet varieties during germination[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(7): 1630-1640.

图/表 9

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编号 No.	名称 Name	来源 Origin
1	九谷33	吉林
2	龙32	黑龙江
3	蒙丰谷7号	内蒙古
4	济谷12	山东
5	龙谷28	黑龙江
6	豫谷23	河南
7	陇谷17	甘肃
8	公谷67号	吉林
9	张杂谷19号	河北
10	制1-16H	北京
11	冀谷19	河北
12	九谷11	吉林
13	坝谷214	河北
14	夏谷2号	山西
15	13H616	北京

编号 No.	名称 Name	来源 Origin
1	九谷33	吉林
2	龙32	黑龙江
3	蒙丰谷7号	内蒙古
4	济谷12	山东
5	龙谷28	黑龙江
6	豫谷23	河南
7	陇谷17	甘肃
8	公谷67号	吉林
9	张杂谷19号	河北
10	制1-16H	北京
11	冀谷19	河北
12	九谷11	吉林
13	坝谷214	河北
14	夏谷2号	山西
15	13H616	北京

品种 Variety	发芽势Germination potential			发芽率Germination percentage
品种 Variety	CK(%)	20%PEG(%)	降幅(%)	CK(%)	20%PEG(%)	降幅(%)
1	68.00±1.16	52.00±1.16^**	23.53	76.00±0.00	60.00±2.31^**	21.05
2	48.00±1.16	44.00±1.16	8.33	64.00±2.31	57.00±1.16	10.94
3	95.00±0.58	60.00±1.16^**	36.84	94.67±0.96	85.33±0.77^*	9.87
4	71.00±1.73	40.00±2.31^**	43.66	90.66±0.20	90.07±0.04	0.65
5	44.00±1.16	11.00±0.58^**	75.00	50.67±0.97	38.67±1.35^**	23.68
6	79.00±1.54	75.00±0.89	5.06	88.00±1.35	78.67±0.96^**	10.60
7	55.00±0.58	39.00±0.58^**	29.09	61.33±0.77	60.00±0.16	2.17
8	92.00±1.54	87.00±0.77	5.44	96.00±1.16	90.00±1.16	6.25
9	83.00±1.91	82.00±1.36	1.21	90.67±1.04	90.00±1.36	0.74
10	89.00±1.54	64.00±1.54^**	28.09	92.00±1.55	81.33±1.29^**	11.60
11	77.00±1.73	35.00±0.58^**	54.55	85.33±0.47	78.67±0.91^**	7.80
12	60.00±1.16	47.00±0.16^**	21.67	96.00±1.16	94.56±1.14	1.50
13	75.00±1.87	68.00±1.48	9.32	94.67±0.63	76.00±3.59^**	19.72
14	71.00±1.07	61.00±1.91^**	14.09	76.00±1.42	68.00±1.55^*	10.53
15	68.00±2.31	45.00±0.58^**	33.82	96.00±1.16	89.00±2.89	7.29

品种 Variety	发芽势Germination potential			发芽率Germination percentage
品种 Variety	CK(%)	20%PEG(%)	降幅(%)	CK(%)	20%PEG(%)	降幅(%)
1	68.00±1.16	52.00±1.16^**	23.53	76.00±0.00	60.00±2.31^**	21.05
2	48.00±1.16	44.00±1.16	8.33	64.00±2.31	57.00±1.16	10.94
3	95.00±0.58	60.00±1.16^**	36.84	94.67±0.96	85.33±0.77^*	9.87
4	71.00±1.73	40.00±2.31^**	43.66	90.66±0.20	90.07±0.04	0.65
5	44.00±1.16	11.00±0.58^**	75.00	50.67±0.97	38.67±1.35^**	23.68
6	79.00±1.54	75.00±0.89	5.06	88.00±1.35	78.67±0.96^**	10.60
7	55.00±0.58	39.00±0.58^**	29.09	61.33±0.77	60.00±0.16	2.17
8	92.00±1.54	87.00±0.77	5.44	96.00±1.16	90.00±1.16	6.25
9	83.00±1.91	82.00±1.36	1.21	90.67±1.04	90.00±1.36	0.74
10	89.00±1.54	64.00±1.54^**	28.09	92.00±1.55	81.33±1.29^**	11.60
11	77.00±1.73	35.00±0.58^**	54.55	85.33±0.47	78.67±0.91^**	7.80
12	60.00±1.16	47.00±0.16^**	21.67	96.00±1.16	94.56±1.14	1.50
13	75.00±1.87	68.00±1.48	9.32	94.67±0.63	76.00±3.59^**	19.72
14	71.00±1.07	61.00±1.91^**	14.09	76.00±1.42	68.00±1.55^*	10.53
15	68.00±2.31	45.00±0.58^**	33.82	96.00±1.16	89.00±2.89	7.29

品种 Variety	胚根长Radicle length			胚芽长Blastocyst length
品种 Variety	CK(cm)	20%PEG(cm)	降幅(%)	CK(cm)	20%PEG(cm)	降幅(%)
1	7.17±0.27	7.28±1.89	-1.56	1.92±0.36	1.45±0.21	24.48
2	5.29±0.24	4.14±0.62	21.73	4.67±0.05	2.30±0.17^**	50.75
3	0.93±0.34	3.04±0.45^**	-226.81	1.21±0.08	1.62±0.08^*	-33.88
4	7.70±0.08	9.78±0.57^*	-27.02	1.67±0.17	1.59±0.11	4.79
5	6.29±0.67	4.16±0.13^*	33.87	2.57±0.92	1.88±0.20^*	26.87
6	3.59±0.70	3.36±0.44	6.41	1.97±0.24	1.64±0.21	16.75
7	6.36±0.21	4.15±0.82	34.74	4.40±0.21	2.33±0.30^**	47.04
8	5.72±0.81	2.51±0.52^**	56.12	3.13±0.09	1.36±0.18^**	56.55
9	5.23±0.16	2.39±0.04^**	54.30	3.81±0.13	1.81±0.26^**	52.49
10	6.88±0.18	3.10±0.56^**	54.93	3.53±0.02	1.51±0.08^**	57.22
11	6.17±0.25	2.75±0.18^**	55.43	2.61±0.18	1.02±0.08^**	60.92
12	6.44±0.06	2.58±0.18^**	59.94	2.67±0.11	1.11±0.12^**	58.42
13	4.23±0.19	3.81±0.53	9.92	3.81±0.51	2.05±0.17^*	46.20
14	7.48±0.20	4.10±0.21^**	45.19	3.32±0.20	1.37±0.97^**	58.71
15	5.60±0.38	3.05±0.48^**	45.53	2.45±0.88	1.76±0.07^**	28.19

不同谷子品种萌发期抗旱鉴定及生理变化

Drought resistance identification and physiological changes of different millet varieties during germination

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Metrics

品种 Variety	胚芽鲜重 Fresh weight of embryo			胚芽干重 Embryo dry weight
品种 Variety	CK(g)	20%PEG(g)	降幅(%)	CK(g)	20%PEG(g)	降幅(%)
1	0.031±0.004	0.031±0.003	0.00	0.007±0.001	0.008±0.001	-14.29
2	0.053±0.001	0.040±0.003^*	24.53	0.012±0.000	0.010±0.001	16.67
3	0.017±0.002	0.045±0.003^**	-164.70	0.004±0.000	0.010±0.000^**	-150.00
4	0.041±0.009	0.041±0.004	0.00	0.009±0.001	0.009±0.011	-0.01
5	0.048±0.002	0.030±0.003^**	37.50	0.007±0.000	0.007±0.001	0.00
6	0.044±0.004	0.029±0.004	34.09	0.010±0.000	0.009±0.000	10.00
7	0.065±0.005	0.045±0.005^*	30.77	0.011±0.001	0.010±0.001	9.09
8	0.045±0.002	0.026±0.004^*	42.22	0.008±0.000	0.007±0.001	12.50
9	0.055±0.004	0.033±0.004^*	40.00	0.008±0.000	0.007±0.001	12.50
10	0.057±0.002	0.034±0.002^**	40.35	0.013±0.000	0.009±0.000^**	30.77
11	0.038±0.001	0.016±0.004^**	57.89	0.007±0.000	0.004±0.001^*	42.86
12	0.045±0.007	0.022±0.002^*	51.11	0.007±0.001	0.004±0.001	42.86
13	0.087±0.009	0.052±0.006^*	40.23	0.018±0.002	0.012±0.002	33.33
14	0.053±0.001	0.025±0.002^**	52.83	0.009±0.001	0.006±0.000^*	33.33
15	0.034±0.001	0.007±0.001^**	79.41	0.007±0.000	0.002±0.000^**	71.43

品种 Variety	隶属函数值Subordinate function values								综合 D值 Compreh ensive D value	位次 Seating arrange ment
品种 Variety	萌发抗旱指数 Drought resistance index	相对发芽率 Relative germination ratl	相对发芽势 Relative germination potential	相对胚根长 Relative radicle length	相对胚芽长 Relative blastocyst length	相对芽鲜重 Relative fresh weight of embryo	相对芽干重 Relative embryo dry weight	活力抗旱指数 Dynamic drought resistance index	综合 D值 Compreh ensive D value	位次 Seating arrange ment
1	0.517	0.172	0.864	1.000	0.687	0.999	0.307	0.547	0.657	4
2	1.000	0.997	1.000	0.655	0.282	0.696	0.243	0.727	0.679	2
3	0.472	0.727	0.456	0.389	0.517	0.894	1.000	0.901	0.685	1
4	0.500	0.968	0.642	0.590	1.000	1.000	0.320	0.188	0.677	3
5	0.859	0.757	0.917	0.448	0.649	0.536	0.248	0.554	0.614	5
6	0.498	1.000	0.288	0.917	0.807	0.584	0.275	0.412	0.591	6
7	0.528	0.114	0.620	0.433	0.337	0.620	0.259	0.824	0.476	8
8	0.544	0.572	0.793	0.070	0.194	0.477	0.218	1.000	0.478	7
9	0.593	0.568	0.928	0.100	0.253	0.497	0.236	0.315	0.435	9
10	0.661	0.525	0.539	0.089	0.181	0.492	0.161	0.359	0.377	10
11	0.712	0.554	0.874	0.080	0.126	0.263	0.105	0.277	0.358	12
12	0.620	0.934	0.524	0.000	0.163	0.342	0.131	0.165	0.348	13
13	0.000	0.689	0.091	0.857	0.350	0.492	0.148	0.283	0.358	11
14	0.287	0.601	0.401	0.256	0.159	0.334	0.147	0.286	0.301	14
15	0.137	0.000	0.000	0.251	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.041	15

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