Effects of different reproduction modes on agronomic traits, essential oil yield and quality of lavender

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.06.009

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of sowing, cuttage and root-cutting on the agronomic traits,yield and quality of essential oil of lavender. 【Methods】 Xinnong Xun 2 was used as the experimental material to compare the differences of agronomic traits, essential oil yield and quality in different reproduction modes at different development stages. 【Results】 In the same growth period, the agronomic traits such as crown width, stem thickness, leaf length, plant height, number of tassels and yield of number of floral whorl of cutting seedlings were better than those of root-cutting seedlings and seed seedlings, the yield of essential oil of cutting seedlings was the highest. Annual and biennial lavender’s yield of essential oil was 35.54 and 129.00 kg/hm² respectively. The linalool, linalyl acetate and lavandulyl acetate of biennial cutting seedlings were 43.53%, 16.56% and 10.87% respectively. The agronomic traits, essential oil yield and quality of biennial lavender were better than those of annual lavender under the same reproduction mode. 【Conclusion】 The agronomic traits, essential oil yield and quality of cutting seedlings are better than those of root seedlings and seed seedlings, so it is suggested that cutting seedlings should be planted in lavender field production.

Key words: lavender; reproduction mode; agronomic traits; essential oil yield; essential oil quality

摘要：

【目的】探究播种、扦插和分根三种繁殖方式对薰衣草农艺性状、精油产量及品质的影响。【方法】以新农薰2号薰衣草为材料,比较不同繁殖方式薰衣草的农艺性状、精油产量及品质的差异。【结果】相同生长年限下,扦插苗的冠幅、茎粗、叶长、株高、花穗数、花穗产量等农艺性状均优于分根苗和种子苗,一、二年生扦插苗薰衣草精油产量最高,分别为35.54和129.00 kg/hm²;二年生扦插苗精油主要品质成分芳樟醇、乙酸芳樟酯和乙酸薰衣草酯的含量分别为43.53%、16.56%和10.87%;同一繁殖方式二年生薰衣草的农艺性状、精油产量和品质均优于一年生薰衣草。【结论】扦插苗的农艺性状、精油产量及品质均优于分根苗和种子苗,大田薰衣草生产采用扦插苗种植。

关键词: 薰衣草, 繁殖方式, 农艺性状, 精油产量, 精油品质

CLC Number:

S573

REN Shiheng, WANG Aifan, MAO Liping, ZHU Qisheng, SU Xiujuan. Effects of different reproduction modes on agronomic traits, essential oil yield and quality of lavender[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(6): 1371-1379.

任世恒, 王爱凡, 毛李平, 朱麒任, 苏秀娟. 不同繁殖方式对薰衣草农艺性状、精油产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(6): 1371-1379.

Figures/Tables 8

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时期 Periods	繁殖方式 Reproduc tionmode	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	东西冠幅 East-west crown width (cm)	南北冠幅 North-south crown width (cm)	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)
返青期 Regreenning stage	扦插	26.15±1.48^ab	6.01±0.73^a	32.90±5.95^a	32.70±3.99^a	47.21±5.66^a	4.91±0.56^a
	种子	30.52±3.79^a	4.39±0.90^b	27.80±2.40^a	27.20±3.35^b	40.65±1.45^ab	4.49±1.08^ab
	分根	24.30±3.73^b	5.28±1.46^ab	23.20±8.85^a	23.30±7.75^ab	40.00±4.27^b	4.30±0.71^b
分枝期 Branching stage	扦插	29.48±3.26^a	8.54±2.96^a	55.26±10.96^a	47.94±0.25^a	51.75±2.25^a	5.50±2.25^a
	种子	32.11±5.11^a	6.07±0.86^b	43.48±7.37^ab	36.99±0.67^ab	44.19±2.04^ab	4.92±2.04^ab
	分根	28.11±1.99^a	7.11±1.18^ab	32.80±10.95^b	37.30±0.69^b	44.10±4.10^b	4.69±4.10^b
现蕾期 Budding stage	扦插	45.80±3.86^a	10.07±3.57^a	66.60±11.14^a	58.80±11.52^a	54.21±2.34^a	5.84±0.24^a
	种子	47.43±2.36^a	6.93±0.74^b	51.80±8.47^a	46.00±6.87^ab	46.57±1.92^ab	5.29±0.59^ab
	分根	46.88±4.71^a	8.12±1.59^ab	48.50±11.70^a	42.70±9.89^b	43.90±4.59^b	4.90±0.73^b
盛花期 Blooming stage	扦插	55.66±4.26^a	12.18±3.66^a	83.30±8.64^a	75.80±7.61^a	57.16±2.10^a	6.14±0.3^a
	种子	51.11±3.31^b	8.73±1.41^b	64.30±11.78^b	59.6±10.18^ab	49.13±1.86^ab	5.63±0.62^ab
	分根	53.49±4.94^ab	10.81±1.44^ab	68.10±10.27^ab	54.80±8.77^b	47.20±5.01^b	5.20±0.72^b

时期 Periods	繁殖方式 Reproduc tionmode	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	东西冠幅 East-west crown width (cm)	南北冠幅 North-south crown width (cm)	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)
返青期 Regreenning stage	扦插	26.15±1.48^ab	6.01±0.73^a	32.90±5.95^a	32.70±3.99^a	47.21±5.66^a	4.91±0.56^a
	种子	30.52±3.79^a	4.39±0.90^b	27.80±2.40^a	27.20±3.35^b	40.65±1.45^ab	4.49±1.08^ab
	分根	24.30±3.73^b	5.28±1.46^ab	23.20±8.85^a	23.30±7.75^ab	40.00±4.27^b	4.30±0.71^b
分枝期 Branching stage	扦插	29.48±3.26^a	8.54±2.96^a	55.26±10.96^a	47.94±0.25^a	51.75±2.25^a	5.50±2.25^a
	种子	32.11±5.11^a	6.07±0.86^b	43.48±7.37^ab	36.99±0.67^ab	44.19±2.04^ab	4.92±2.04^ab
	分根	28.11±1.99^a	7.11±1.18^ab	32.80±10.95^b	37.30±0.69^b	44.10±4.10^b	4.69±4.10^b
现蕾期 Budding stage	扦插	45.80±3.86^a	10.07±3.57^a	66.60±11.14^a	58.80±11.52^a	54.21±2.34^a	5.84±0.24^a
	种子	47.43±2.36^a	6.93±0.74^b	51.80±8.47^a	46.00±6.87^ab	46.57±1.92^ab	5.29±0.59^ab
	分根	46.88±4.71^a	8.12±1.59^ab	48.50±11.70^a	42.70±9.89^b	43.90±4.59^b	4.90±0.73^b
盛花期 Blooming stage	扦插	55.66±4.26^a	12.18±3.66^a	83.30±8.64^a	75.80±7.61^a	57.16±2.10^a	6.14±0.3^a
	种子	51.11±3.31^b	8.73±1.41^b	64.30±11.78^b	59.6±10.18^ab	49.13±1.86^ab	5.63±0.62^ab
	分根	53.49±4.94^ab	10.81±1.44^ab	68.10±10.27^ab	54.80±8.77^b	47.20±5.01^b	5.20±0.72^b

时期 Periods	繁殖方式 Reproduc tionmode	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	东西冠幅 East-west crown width (cm)	南北冠幅 North-south crown width (cm)	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)
返青期 Regreenning stage	扦插	20.10±3.78^a	5.42±0.84^a	68.80±4.24^a	68.80±9.21^a	41.00±8.05^a	3.70±0.41^b
	种子	15.10±3.20^ab	4.44±0.50^b	55.63±8.34^b	57.90±9.93^a	41.41±6.87^a	5.76±1.54^a
	分根	14.10±2.27^b	4.94±1.15^ab	67.73±1.48^ab	60.90±16.48^a	35.32±5.73^a	4.62±1.10^ab
分枝期 Branching stage	扦插	32.67±4.15^a	5.90±0.68^a	78.56±3.97^a	79.28±3.88^a	47.31±8.20^a	4.21±0.64^b
	种子	27.98±4.17^a	4.97±0.63^b	64.28±10.35^b	64.37±11.25^b	47.92±6.27^a	6.32±1.58^a
	分根	29.89±5.48^a	5.15±0.98^ab	73.90±17.30^ab	69.38±15.28^ab	43.23±7.85^a	5.19±0.93^ab
现蕾期 Budding stage	扦插	50.04±5.74^a	6.52±0.73^a	91.28±6.64^a	88.71±6.16^a	48.99±8.33^a	4.36±0.65^b
	种子	41.77±4.88^b	5.64±0.55^b	74.21±10.36^b	71.03±11.28^b	50.11±5.90^a	6.32±1.58^a
	分根	45.64±7.310^ab	5.77±0.82^ab	83.61±18.27^ab	77.04±16.30^ab	44.56±8.34^a	5.48±0.83^ab
盛花期 Blooming stage	扦插	69.21±4.15^a	6.85±0.70^a	103.59±7.47^a	97.57±10.55^a	50.45±8.21^a	4.52±0.65^b
	种子	54.54±7.86^b	6.03±0.49^b	84.07±8.33^b	78.03±11.01^b	51.64±6.62^a	7.09±1.53^a
	分根	54.62±5.65^ab	6.23±0.87^ab	91.97±20.71^ab	88.16±16.62^ab	45.61±8.34^a	5.94±0.83^ab

时期 Periods	繁殖方式 Reproduc tionmode	株高 Plant height (cm)	茎粗 Stem thickness (mm)	东西冠幅 East-west crown width (cm)	南北冠幅 North-south crown width (cm)	叶长 Leaf length (mm)	叶宽 Leaf width (mm)
返青期 Regreenning stage	扦插	20.10±3.78^a	5.42±0.84^a	68.80±4.24^a	68.80±9.21^a	41.00±8.05^a	3.70±0.41^b
	种子	15.10±3.20^ab	4.44±0.50^b	55.63±8.34^b	57.90±9.93^a	41.41±6.87^a	5.76±1.54^a
	分根	14.10±2.27^b	4.94±1.15^ab	67.73±1.48^ab	60.90±16.48^a	35.32±5.73^a	4.62±1.10^ab
分枝期 Branching stage	扦插	32.67±4.15^a	5.90±0.68^a	78.56±3.97^a	79.28±3.88^a	47.31±8.20^a	4.21±0.64^b
	种子	27.98±4.17^a	4.97±0.63^b	64.28±10.35^b	64.37±11.25^b	47.92±6.27^a	6.32±1.58^a
	分根	29.89±5.48^a	5.15±0.98^ab	73.90±17.30^ab	69.38±15.28^ab	43.23±7.85^a	5.19±0.93^ab
现蕾期 Budding stage	扦插	50.04±5.74^a	6.52±0.73^a	91.28±6.64^a	88.71±6.16^a	48.99±8.33^a	4.36±0.65^b
	种子	41.77±4.88^b	5.64±0.55^b	74.21±10.36^b	71.03±11.28^b	50.11±5.90^a	6.32±1.58^a
	分根	45.64±7.310^ab	5.77±0.82^ab	83.61±18.27^ab	77.04±16.30^ab	44.56±8.34^a	5.48±0.83^ab
盛花期 Blooming stage	扦插	69.21±4.15^a	6.85±0.70^a	103.59±7.47^a	97.57±10.55^a	50.45±8.21^a	4.52±0.65^b
	种子	54.54±7.86^b	6.03±0.49^b	84.07±8.33^b	78.03±11.01^b	51.64±6.62^a	7.09±1.53^a
	分根	54.62±5.65^ab	6.23±0.87^ab	91.97±20.71^ab	88.16±16.62^ab	45.61±8.34^a	5.94±0.83^ab

	繁殖方式 Reproduction modes	花萼长 Calyx length (mm)	花萼宽 Calyx width (mm)	花穗长 Tassels length (cm)	花穗数 Number of floral cluster (个)	花轮数 Number of floral whorl (个)	中轮小花数 Number of small flowers in the middle floral whorls (个)	第一二花轮节间距 Pitch of first and second floral whorl (mm)
一年生 Annual	扦插	5.67±0.47^a	2.43±0.19^b	7.82±1.16^a	80.56±15.16^a	5.22±0.44^a	14.00±2.45^a	31.58±7.92^a
	种子	5.17±0.32^ab	2.63±0.14^ab	8.51±1.73^a	24.11±15.36^b	5.78±1.09^a	15.33±3.16^a	18.32±2.38^b
	分根	4.84±0.22^b	2.69±0.17^a	9.17±1.85^a	59.89±25.41^ab	5.44±0.53^a	15.56±2.60^a	29.07±5.12^ab
二年生 Biennial	扦插	5.4±0.13^a	2.30±0.10^a	11.65±1.23^a	572.22±60.70^a	5.44±0.53^a	13.56±2.19^a	47.81±3.32^a
	种子	5.18±0.24^b	2.31±0.08^a	8.89±1.29^b	296.89±64.16^b	5.11±0.60^a	12.44±1.67^a	36.51±3.86^b
	分根	5.31±0.11^ab	2.37±0.11^a	9.53±0.83^ab	344.78±85.25^ab	5.22±0.44^a	12.89±1.76^a	37.69±3.52^ab