Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Dry Matter Accumulation of Cotton under Film Uncovering Cultivation

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.004

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to effectively improve the recovery rate of plastic film and reduce the pollution of plastic film, this project aims to explore the effects of different irrigation amounts on dry matter accumulation, transportation and yield of cotton under film uncovering cultivation mode, so as to provide theoretical basis for water management of cotton under drip irrigation in Xinjiang. 【Methods】 Xinluzao 45 (slow water stress type) and Xinluzao 42 (water stress sensitivity) were selected as test materials.The effects of different irrigation amounts on dry matter accumulation, dry matter accumulation characteristic value and yield of cotton were studied by uncovering film 40 days after emergence and setting three water treatments[4,425 m³/hm² (W₁), 5,310 m³/hm² (W₂), 6,637.5 m³/hm²(W₃)]. 【Results】 Also, there was a “slow-fast-slow” trend between the two cotton varieties under different irrigation treatments, and the increase of irrigation amount was not conducive to the increase of yield and irrigation water use.Therefore, the optimal irrigation amount for cotton cultivation under the condition of film uncovering was 4,425 m³/hm². 【Conclusion】 The results showed that under the same irrigation amount, the dry matter accumulation of cotton under the mode of film uncovering was higher than that in the whole growth period, and the transfer ratio of dry matter to reproductive organs increased, and the maintenance time of dry matter accumulation period was prolonged.

Key words: cotton; uncovering film; irrigation volume; dry matter; yield

摘要：

【目的】 研究揭膜种植方式下不同灌水量对棉花干物质积累、转运及产量的影响,为新疆滴灌棉花生育期揭膜后的水分管理提供理论依据。【方法】 选择新陆早45号(水分胁迫迟钝型)和新陆早42号(水分胁迫敏感性)为供试材料,在出苗后40 d揭膜并设置3个水分处理,即4 425 m³/hm²(W₁)、5 310 m³/hm²(W₂)、6 637.5 m³/hm²(W₃),分析揭膜后不同灌水量对棉花各器官干物质积累、干物质积累特征值及产量的影响。【结果】 2棉花品种在揭膜种植方式下的不同灌水处理间表现为“慢—快—慢”的变化趋势,且增加灌水量对提高产量和灌溉水利用无益,棉花揭膜种植最适宜的灌水量为4 425 m³/hm²。 【结论】 在相同灌水量下,揭膜种植方式的棉花干物质积累量高于全生育期覆膜处理,并且提高了干物质向生殖器官的转运比例,延长了干物质快速积累期维持的时间。

关键词: 棉花, 揭膜, 灌水量, 干物质积累, 产量

CLC Number:

S562

NIU Yuan, YANG Xiangkun, ZHANG Zhanqin, MA Fuyu. Effects of Different Irrigation Amounts on Dry Matter Accumulation of Cotton under Film Uncovering Cultivation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 291-301.

牛媛, 杨相昆, 张占琴, 马富裕. 揭膜种植方式下不同灌水量对棉花干物质积累及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 291-301.

Figures/Tables 8

References 23

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月份 Month	灌水次数 Irrigation frequency	尿素 Urea (kg/hm²)	66%磷酸钾铵 66% Ammonium potassium phosphate phosphate(kg/hm²)	灌水量Irrigation (m³/hm²)
月份 Month	灌水次数 Irrigation frequency	尿素 Urea (kg/hm²)	66%磷酸钾铵 66% Ammonium potassium phosphate phosphate(kg/hm²)	W₁	W₂	W₃
4	1	0	0	150	150	150
6	1	15	15	225	270	337.5
6	2	75	30	450	540	675
7	3	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	4	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	5	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	6	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
8	7	30	30	525	630	787.5
8	8	0	30	525	630	787.5
合计Total		600	345	4 425	5 310	6 637.5

月份 Month	灌水次数 Irrigation frequency	尿素 Urea (kg/hm²)	66%磷酸钾铵 66% Ammonium potassium phosphate phosphate(kg/hm²)	灌水量Irrigation (m³/hm²)
月份 Month	灌水次数 Irrigation frequency	尿素 Urea (kg/hm²)	66%磷酸钾铵 66% Ammonium potassium phosphate phosphate(kg/hm²)	W₁	W₂	W₃
4	1	0	0	150	150	150
6	1	15	15	225	270	337.5
6	2	75	30	450	540	675
7	3	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	4	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	5	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
	6	120	60	675	810	1 012.5
8	7	30	30	525	630	787.5
8	8	0	30	525	630	787.5
合计Total		600	345	4 425	5 310	6 637.5

	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
总干物质 Total biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.973	24.33	72	61	117	56	911.05	2 063.26
		T₂	0.968	28.23	79	66	127	61	1 193.42	2 634.53
		T₃	0.982	23.21	83	58	117	59	1 234.25	2 076.03
		T₄	0.960	19.20	77	55	107	52	918.43	1 530.87
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.969	22.68	78	53	103	50	1 130.79	1 717.29
		T₂	0.997	25.15	79	75	136	61	1 193.42	3 044.40
		T₃	0.989	25.12	82	63	119	56	1 189.34	2 196.86
		T₄	0.980	23.34	84	60	107	47	1 099.09	1 667.66
营养器官生物量 Biomass of vegetative organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.965	17.54	57	44	69	25	443.75	658.73
		T₂	0.992	18.13	57	44	70	26	465.52	706.98
		T₃	0.978	14.91	56	40	72	32	473.67	719.35
		T₄	0.968	15.16	57	44	69	25	388	589.25
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.982	18.35	54	42	65	23	410.63	623.61
		T₂	0.980	10.60	60	42	79	37	395.44	600.54
		T₃	0.989	12.94	76	54	97	43	553.81	841.06
		T₄	0.915	12.10	60	45	76	31	372.56	565.80
	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
生殖器官生物量 Biomass of reproductive organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.997	24.99	110	92	128	36	893.87	1 357.5
		T₂	0.993	108.20	144	122	166	44	4 750.49	7 214.42
		T₃	0.999	57.88	126	108	144	36	2 108.84	3 202.62
		T₄	0.989	22.48	106	90	121	31	705.82	1 071.90
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.986	37.45	123	100	146	46	1 693.71	2 572.19
		T₂	0.999	79.54	136	114	159	45	3 596.16	5 461.38
		T₃	0.999	43.03	125	103	146	43	1 872.99	2 844.44
		T₄	0.998	21.24	99	83	114	31	672.20	1 013.25
根系生物量 Root biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.997	1.95	66	45	87	42	81.30	123.47
		T₂	0.963	2.53	86	54	118	64	160.83	243.96
		T₃	0.970	2.05	66	40	93	53	108.83	165.28
		T₄	0.994	2.04	65	45	87	42	81.06	132.21
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.997	2.34	60	41	78	37	84.90	128.93
		T₂	0.964	2.06	76	48	105	57	116.81	177.40
		T₃	0.945	2.37	63	44	83	39	91.39	138.79
		T₄	0.988	1.69	69	42	95	53	88.73	134.75

	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
总干物质 Total biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.973	24.33	72	61	117	56	911.05	2 063.26
		T₂	0.968	28.23	79	66	127	61	1 193.42	2 634.53
		T₃	0.982	23.21	83	58	117	59	1 234.25	2 076.03
		T₄	0.960	19.20	77	55	107	52	918.43	1 530.87
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.969	22.68	78	53	103	50	1 130.79	1 717.29
		T₂	0.997	25.15	79	75	136	61	1 193.42	3 044.40
		T₃	0.989	25.12	82	63	119	56	1 189.34	2 196.86
		T₄	0.980	23.34	84	60	107	47	1 099.09	1 667.66
营养器官生物量 Biomass of vegetative organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.965	17.54	57	44	69	25	443.75	658.73
		T₂	0.992	18.13	57	44	70	26	465.52	706.98
		T₃	0.978	14.91	56	40	72	32	473.67	719.35
		T₄	0.968	15.16	57	44	69	25	388	589.25
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.982	18.35	54	42	65	23	410.63	623.61
		T₂	0.980	10.60	60	42	79	37	395.44	600.54
		T₃	0.989	12.94	76	54	97	43	553.81	841.06
		T₄	0.915	12.10	60	45	76	31	372.56	565.80
	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
生殖器官生物量 Biomass of reproductive organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.997	24.99	110	92	128	36	893.87	1 357.5
		T₂	0.993	108.20	144	122	166	44	4 750.49	7 214.42
		T₃	0.999	57.88	126	108	144	36	2 108.84	3 202.62
		T₄	0.989	22.48	106	90	121	31	705.82	1 071.90
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.986	37.45	123	100	146	46	1 693.71	2 572.19
		T₂	0.999	79.54	136	114	159	45	3 596.16	5 461.38
		T₃	0.999	43.03	125	103	146	43	1 872.99	2 844.44
		T₄	0.998	21.24	99	83	114	31	672.20	1 013.25
根系生物量 Root biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.997	1.95	66	45	87	42	81.30	123.47
		T₂	0.963	2.53	86	54	118	64	160.83	243.96
		T₃	0.970	2.05	66	40	93	53	108.83	165.28
		T₄	0.994	2.04	65	45	87	42	81.06	132.21
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.997	2.34	60	41	78	37	84.90	128.93
		T₂	0.964	2.06	76	48	105	57	116.81	177.40
		T₃	0.945	2.37	63	44	83	39	91.39	138.79
		T₄	0.988	1.69	69	42	95	53	88.73	134.75

	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
总干物质 Total biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.934	22.25	88	66	111	45	1 007.12	1 529.48
		T₂	0.996	22.69	90	67	113	46	1 071.02	1 580.96
		T₃	0.998	20.11	63	71	126	55	1 095.62	1 688.58
		T₄	0.996	18.23	62	64	112	48	876.46	1 317.39
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.997	18.23	91	65	118	53	957.42	1 454.00
		T₂	0.985	18.72	97	70	124	54	1 025.30	1 557.08
		T₃	0.972	16.46	94	67	122	55	909.06	1 380.56
		T₄	0.998	16.76	82	60	105	45	748.81	1 137.19
营养器官生物量 Biomass of vegetative organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.952	8.87	58	42	74	33	280.33	425.72
		T₂	0.948	10.49	65	51	79	28	295.15	448.23
		T₃	0.958	5.30	103	54	153	99	524.97	797.25
		T₄	0.957	9.65	63	49	76	27	271.66	394.24
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.995	8.51	62	46	79	33	281.78	427.94
		T₂	0.979	7.23	58	42	75	33	232.88	353.67
		T₃	0.947	8.49	60	46	75	29	243.63	369.99
		T₄	0.926	8.85	59	45	74	29	257.72	391.39
	品种 Variety	处理 Treatment	R²	V_m (d)	x₀ (d)	x₁ (d)	x₂ (d)	△x (d)	GT (g)	K (g/m²)
生殖器官生物量 Biomass of reproductive organs	新陆早45号	T₁	0.992	34.14	99	91	107	16	519.52	788.97
		T₂	0.998	22.87	102	88	117	29	673.16	1 022.30
		T₃	0.999	23.73	103	91	114	23	551.74	837.90
		T₄	0.996	21.51	98	88	109	21	443.63	673.72
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.998	18.81	100	86	113	27	499.75	758.95
		T₂	0.998	22.61	114	96	132	36	814.97	1 257.67
		T₃	0.999	18.31	104	91	118	27	503.79	765.09
		T₄	0.999	18.30	92	83	101	18	335.38	509.32
根系生物量 Root biomass	新陆早45号	T₁	0.924	2.05	61	44	78	34	70.25	103.96
		T₂	0.968	2.16	66	50	82	32	69.19	105.07
		T₃	0.925	2.04	63	48	78	30	60.96	92.59
		T₄	0.968	2.69	64	50	77	27	70.73	107.41
	新陆早42号	T₁	0.899	1.60	67	44	90	46	73.83	112.11
		T₂	0.934	2.11	60	47	74	27	55.56	84.37
		T₃	0.749	1.87	64	47	81	33	61.92	94.04
		T₄	0.967	2.23	67	50	85	35	76.57	116.28