Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2132-2139.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.007

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology·Physiology and Biochemistry • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Response of cotton seedling growth and development to soil available potassium levels

WANG Chao1(), XU Wenxiu1(), LI Pengcheng2, ZHENG Cangsong2, SUN Miao2, FENG Weina2, SHAO Jingjing2, DONG Helin2,3()   

  1. 1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
    2. National Key Laboratory of Cotton Biological Breeding and Comprehensive Utilization / Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang Henan 455000, China
    3. Western Agricultural Research Center of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji Xinjiang 831100, China
  • Received:2024-03-15 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-10-09
  • Correspondence author: XU Wenxiu, DONG Helin
  • Supported by:
    China Agriculture Research System(CARS-15-11);Innovation Project of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

棉花苗期生长发育对土壤速效钾水平的响应

王超1(), 徐文修1(), 李鹏程2, 郑苍松2, 孙淼2, 冯卫娜2, 邵晶晶2, 董合林2,3()   

  1. 1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
    2.中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物育种与综合利用全国重点实验室,河南安阳 455000
    3.中国农业科学院西部农业研究中心,新疆昌吉 831100
  • 通讯作者: 徐文修,董合林
  • 作者简介:王超(1996-),男,云南人,硕士研究生,研究方向为棉花高产栽培,(E-mail)1078697960@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    棉花产业技术体系岗位科学家(CARS-15-11);中国农业科学院创新工程项目

Abstract:

【Objective】 This study aims to investigate response of the main growth and development traits of cotton seedlings to soil available potassium levels in order to provide a basis for formulating evaluation indicators of soil available potassium in cotton fields. 【Methods】 The variety 100 of the Institute of Cotton Research was used as the experimental material, plastic boxes with a length of 0.8 m, a width of 0.58 m, and a depth of 0.44 m were used, each box containing 240 kg of soil. Eight available potassium levels of soil were set by adding potassium fertilizer, including 68.1, 77. 4, 93.3, 104.2, 122.9, 130.9, 142.4, and 171.1 mg/kg (represented by K1, K2, K3, K4, K5, K6, K7, and K8, respectively). Sampling was conducted at 5 times during the cotton 1 leaf stage, 3 leaf stage, 5 leaf stage, 7 leaf stage, and bud stage to determine the agronomic traits, dry matter weight, total potassium content, and photosynthetic indicators of the cotton plant. 【Results】 During the first leaf stage, there was no significant difference in cotton plant height and stem diameter among different soil available potassium levels; During the 3-leaf stage, 5-leaf stage, 7-leaf stage, and budding stages, the plant height and stem diameter of cotton showed an increasing trend with the increase of soil available potassium levels; When the soil available potassium reached the levels of K4 and K5, the cotton plant height and stem diameter tended to stabilize. The leaf area and dry matter weight of treatments with K5 and above were significantly higher than those of other treatments, but there was no significant difference between these treatments. At the bud stage, the E, Ci, Gs, SPAD values of functional leaves of cotton plants in each treatment showed no significant response to soil potassium levels. In terms of Pn, K7 was significantly superior to K2 and K3. 【Conclusion】 When the soil available potassium level is higher than 123 mg/kg, it can promote the nutrient absorption and dry matter accumulation of cotton seedlings, promote the growth of cotton stems, increase leaf area, accelerate the growth and development process of cotton seedlings, and facilitate the transformation of cotton from nutritional growth to reproductive growth.

Key words: cotton; seedling stage; soil available potassium; growth and development

摘要:

【目的】研究棉花苗期主要生长发育性状对土壤速效钾水平的响应,为筛选棉田土壤速效钾评价指标提供依据。【方法】以中棉所100为供试品种,采用长0.8 m、宽0.58 m、深0.44 m的塑料箱,每箱装土240 kg,通过添加钾肥设置68.1、77.4、93.3、104.2、122.9、130.9、142.4和171.1 mg/kg 8个速效钾水平土壤处理(分别以K1、K2、K3、K4、K5、K6、K7和K8表示)。在棉花一叶期、三叶期、五叶期、七叶期和现蕾期5个时期取样,测定棉株农艺性状、干物重、全钾含量、光合指标等。【结果】棉花一叶期,不同土壤速效钾水平间棉花株高、茎粗无显著差异;三叶期、五叶期、七叶期和现蕾期,棉花株高和茎粗均呈随土壤速效钾水平提高而增加的趋势;土壤速效钾分别达到K4和K5处理水平时,棉花株高和茎粗基本趋于稳定。K5处理及以上处理的叶面积、干物重显著高于其他处理,但这些处理之间无显著差异。蕾期各处理棉株功能叶片的ECiGsSPAD等值对土壤钾水平无显著响应。K7处理 Pn显著优于K2与K3处理。【结论】当土壤速效钾水平高于123 mg/kg时,可促进棉株苗期养分吸收和干物质积累,促进棉株茎秆生长,叶面积增大,使棉花苗期的生长发育进程加快,有利于棉花从营养生长向生殖生长转化。

关键词: 棉花, 苗期, 土壤速效钾, 生长发育

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