Effects of microbial agents on cotton growth and soil physico-chemical properties

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.022

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2269-2276.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.022

• Plant Protection·Microbes·Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Soil Fertilizer • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of microbial agents on cotton growth and soil physico-chemical properties

ZHANG Tingjun¹(), LI Zihui², CUI Yujiang³, SUN Xiaogui⁴, CHEN Fang¹()

1. Institute of Agriculture Sciences,Sixth Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Wujiaqu Xinjiang 831300,China
2. Agricultural Development and Service Center of 16th Regiment,First Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Wujiaqu Xinjiang 843108,China
3. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
4. Agricultural Technology Extension Station,Sixth Division, Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, Wujiaqu Xinjiang 831300,China

Received:2024-03-21 Online:2024-09-20 Published:2024-10-09
Correspondence author: CHEN Fang
Supported by:
China Agriculture Research System "Seed Propagation and Production Technology Post Scientist "(CARS-15-10);Demonstration and Extension of Biotechnology (Microbial Agent) on Major Crops of the Sixth Divisions of Department of Science, Technology and Education of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs(2216);experiment and demonstration promotion of green fertilization technology in the main crops of the Sixth Division(2318)

微生物菌剂对棉花生长及土壤理化性质的影响

张庭军¹(), 李字辉², 崔豫疆³, 孙孝贵⁴, 陈芳¹()

1.新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业科学研究所,新疆五家渠 831300
2.新疆生产建设兵团第一师十六团农业发展服务中心,新疆阿拉尔 843018
3.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
4.新疆生产建设兵团第六师农业技术推广站,新疆五家渠 831300

通讯作者: 陈芳
作者简介:张庭军(1977-),男,甘肃武威人,副研究员,研究方向为作物育种与高产高效栽培,(E-mail)425241611@qq.com
基金资助:
国家产业技术体系种子扩繁与生产技术岗位科学家(CARS-15-10);农业农村部科技教育司;生物技术(微生物菌剂)在六师主要农作物上的示范推广(2216);新疆生产建设兵团第六师科技局项目:绿色施肥技术在六师主要农作物上的试验与示范推广(2318)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 This research aims to study the effects of 'Jun Lin Tian Xia' microbial inoculant on cotton growth and development, yield and quality traits and soil physico-chemical properties. 【Methods】 The field demonstration method was adopted: 133.33 hm² of microbial agent demonstration and 133.33 hm² of control (7th company, 149 th regiment: 53.33 hm², 11 th company, 134 th regiment: 40 hm², 13 th company, 141th regiment: 40 hm²). The agronomic traits were investigated at seedling stage, bud stage and flowering and boll stage, and the yield and quality traits were measured at boll stage. 【Results】 Cotton boll opening could be 2 d earlier than the control. The number of bolls per plant increased by 0.11-0.3, the number of bolls harvested per mu increased by 12,090-18,708, and the single boll weight increased by 0.03-0.3 g ; the yield of seed cotton was increased by 76.0-100.46 kg/667m² per mu compared with the control, and the yield of seed cotton was increased by 47.66-66 kg/667m². The lint percentage increased by 0.57-1.14 percentage points, the breaking strength was 0.4-0.8 percentage points, and the Micronaire value decreased by 0.2. At the same time, the use of microbial agents could reduce and improve soil structure, activate soil phosphorus, and increase soil available phosphorus content. 【Conclusion】 The application of microbial inoculants can promote the growth and development of cotton, increase yield and improve quality. At the same time, the use of microbial inoculants can reduce and improve soil structure, activate soil phosphorus and increase soil available phosphorus content.

Key words: microbial agents; cotton; traits; fiber quality

摘要：

【目的】研究施用“菌临天下”微生物菌剂对棉花生长发育、产量品质性状及土壤理化性质的影响。【方法】大田示范方法,菌剂示范133.33 hm²(2 000亩)、对照133.33 hm²(2 000亩),均为149团7连 53.33 hm²(800亩)、134团11连40 hm²(600亩)、141团13连40 hm²(600亩)。苗期、蕾期、花铃期对农艺性状调查,絮期对产量及品质性状测定。【结果】棉花吐絮比对照可以提前2 d;单株铃数增加0.11~0.3个、收获铃数增加12 090~18 708个/667m²、单铃重增加0.03~0.3 g;测产籽棉产量微生物菌剂处理较对照增产76.0~100.46 kg/667m²,机采产量增产籽棉47.66~66 kg/667m²;衣分提高0.57~1.14个百分点、断裂比强度0.4~0.8个百分点、马克隆值降低0.2。同时使用微生物菌剂可以降低、改善土壤结构,活化土壤磷素、提高土壤有效磷含量。【结论】施用“菌临天下”微生物菌剂可以促进棉花生长发育,增加产量,提高品质,同时使用微生物菌剂可以降低、改善土壤结构,活化土壤磷素、提高土壤有效磷含量。

关键词: 微生物菌剂, 棉花, 性状, 纤维品质

CLC Number:

S562
S188

ZHANG Tingjun, LI Zihui, CUI Yujiang, SUN Xiaogui, CHEN Fang. Effects of microbial agents on cotton growth and soil physico-chemical properties[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2269-2276.

张庭军, 李字辉, 崔豫疆, 孙孝贵, 陈芳. 微生物菌剂对棉花生长及土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2269-2276.

Figures/Tables 13

References 7

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序号 Serial number	示范点 Demonstration point	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	水解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg/kg)	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	速效钾 Rapidly available potassium (mg/kg)	水溶性盐 Water-soluble salt (%)	pH值 pH value
1	149团7连	8.78	46.30	38.80	322.0	2.95	8.25
2	141团13连	9.50	68.66	12.25	389.0	3.50	8.30
3	134团11连	7.64	52.22	25.85	262.5	1.35	9.55

序号 Serial number	示范点 Demonstration point	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	水解氮 Hydrolyzed nitrogen (mg/kg)	有效磷 Available phosphorus (mg/kg)	速效钾 Rapidly available potassium (mg/kg)	水溶性盐 Water-soluble salt (%)	pH值 pH value
1	149团7连	8.78	46.30	38.80	322.0	2.95	8.25
2	141团13连	9.50	68.66	12.25	389.0	3.50	8.30
3	134团11连	7.64	52.22	25.85	262.5	1.35	9.55

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	出苗数 The number of seedlings (株/667m²)	主根长 Main root length (cm)	侧根数 Side root number (个)
处理 Treat- ments	149团7连	14 538.00±70.63^b	7.56±0.13^b	18.13±0.25^b
	141团13连	14 475.67±58.07^b	7.77±0.19^b	17.20±0.11^b
	134团11连	14 204.67±68.04^b	7.90±0.16^b	17.21±0.11^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	12 520.67±52.17^a	6.20±0.14^a	14.08±0.09^a
	141团13连	12 310.00±69.64^a	6.90±0.14^a	13.95±0.08^a
	134团11连	12 696.00±17.36^a	7.00±0.47^a	14.78±0.11^a

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	出苗数 The number of seedlings (株/667m²)	主根长 Main root length (cm)	侧根数 Side root number (个)
处理 Treat- ments	149团7连	14 538.00±70.63^b	7.56±0.13^b	18.13±0.25^b
	141团13连	14 475.67±58.07^b	7.77±0.19^b	17.20±0.11^b
	134团11连	14 204.67±68.04^b	7.90±0.16^b	17.21±0.11^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	12 520.67±52.17^a	6.20±0.14^a	14.08±0.09^a
	141团13连	12 310.00±69.64^a	6.90±0.14^a	13.95±0.08^a
	134团11连	12 696.00±17.36^a	7.00±0.47^a	14.78±0.11^a

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝台数 (台) The number of fruit branches	蕾数 Flower bud number (个)
处理 Treatments	149团7连	65.47±1.92^b	9.33±0.15^b	14.50±0.41^b
	141团13连	56.27±1.81^b	8.02±0.32^b	10.27±0.21^b
	134团11连	57.47±1.95^b	7.27±0.20^b	13.07±0.15^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	56.17±1.05^a	8.33±0.21^a	13.63±0.15^a
	141团13连	52.60±1.61^a	7.43±0.14^a	8.33±0.32^a
	134团11连	52.33±2.62^a	7.11±0.24^a	12.17±0.31^a

Effects of microbial agents on cotton growth and soil physico-chemical properties

微生物菌剂对棉花生长及土壤理化性质的影响

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项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	株高 Plant height (cm)	果枝台数 (台) The number of fruit branches	蕾数 Flower bud number (个)
处理 Treat- ments	149团7连	76.70±1.46^a	10.58±0.54^a	83.13±5.84^b
	141团13连	71.70±1.54^b	12.10±0.56^b	83.53±1.32^b
	134团11连	73.87±1.63^b	10.33±0.55^b	75.37±2.25^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	76.13±1.31^a	10.27±0.63^a	59.30±6.13^a
	141团13连	67.13±1.91^a	10.97±0.98^a	67.13±0.95^a
	134团11连	71.93±1.21^a	9.48±0.66^a	56.33±1.53^a

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	播种 Seed	出苗 Emerge	现蕾 Present bud	开花 Bloom	吐絮 Opening of bolls	生育期 Period of duration (d)
处理 Treatments	149团7连	15/4	27/4	2/6	25/6	26/8	118
	141团13连	15/4	29/4	27/5	25/4	27/8	119
	134团11连	16/4	24/4	15/6	3/7	30/8	121
对照 Contrast	149团7连	15/4	27/4	2/6	25/6	27/8	119
	141团13连	15/4	30/4	30/5	27/6	28/8	120
	134团11连	16/4	26/4	18/6	5/7	1/9	123

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	单株结铃 A single plant bears a bell	总铃数 Total number of bells (个/667m²)	单铃重 Single boll weight (g)	测产产量 Measuring production output (kg/667m²)	机采产量 Machine production (kg/667m²)
处理 Treatments	149团7连	7.47±0.55^a	96 216±283.28^b	5.5±0.22^a	528.00±8.00^b	503.67±3.51^b
	141团13连	6.93±0.26^b	100 364±944.99^b	5.24±0.24^a	525.92±7.12^b	458.63±3.31^b
	134团11连	7.08±0.28^a	100 622±1 866.87^b	5.5±0.23^b	553.38±7.25^b	485.33±5.51^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	7.33±0.67^a	83 590±194.13^a	5.4±0.28^a	452.00±6.00^a	437.67±3.51^a
	141团13连	6.63±0.32^a	81 656±1 382.23^a	5.21±0.24^a	425.46±10.02^a	402.07±2.00^a
	134团11连	6.97±0.32^a	88 532±1 444.87^a	5.2±0.23^a	460.34±4.96^a	437.67±3.06^a

项目 Items	示范点 Demonstration point	衣分(%) Clothing points	长度整齐度指数 Length uniformity index (%)	上半部平均长度 Average length of upper half (mm)	马克隆值 Macron value	断裂比强度 Specific strength at break (cN/tex)
处理 Treatments	149团7连	46.27±0.55^a	85.17±0.40^a	30.50±1.39^a	5.07±0.12^a	29.87±0.21^a
	141团13连	46.87±1.59^a	82.37±0.55^a	26.67±0.45^a	5.43±0.06^a	26.63±0.12^a
	134团11连	45.87±0.76^a	84.60±0.50^b	29.63±0.12^b	4.93±0.06^b	28.47±0.12^b
对照 Contrast	149团7连	45.70±1.14^a	84.77±0.61^a	29.97±0.25^a	5.07±0.06^a	29.37±0.58^a
	141团13连	45.90±0.95^a	81.97±0.51^a	27.70±0.10^a	5.67±0.06^b	27.13±0.06^a
	134团11连	44.73±2.11^a	83.80±0.36^a	28.77±0.12^a	4.63±0.12^a	27.53±0.51^a

序号 Serial number	示范点 Demonstration point	处理 Treatments	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	水解氮 Hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg/kg)	有效磷 Effective phosphorus (mg/kg)	速效钾 Quick effect potassium (mg/kg)	水溶性盐分 Water soluble salt (g/kg)	pH值 pH value
1	149团7连	菌剂	8.49	37.68	30.90	311.00	2.40	8.30
1	149团7连	CK	9.06	54.92	46.70	333.00	3.50	8.20
2	141团13连	菌剂	9.63	60.00	11.10	401.00	3.10	8.40
2	141团13连	CK	9.36	77.32	13.40	377.00	3.90	8.20
3	134团11连	菌剂	8.77	58.80	28.30	279.00	0.90	8.70
3	134团11连	CK	6.51	45.64	23.40	246.00	1.80	8.40

序号 Serial number	示范点 Demonstration point	处理 Treatments	有机质 Organic matter (g/kg)	水解氮 Hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg/kg)	有效磷 Effective phosphorus (mg/kg)	速效钾 Quick effect potassium (mg/kg)	水溶性盐分 Water soluble salt (g/kg)	pH值 pH value
1	149团7连	菌剂	7.86	51.22	52.40	267.00	0.80	8.50
1	149团7连	CK	11.90	55.91	66.90	332.00	1.50	8.30
2	141团13连	菌剂	8.65	56.32	10.90	379.00	1.20	8.10
2	141团13连	CK	9.75	82.45	14.60	373.00	3.80	7.90
3	134团11连	菌剂	6.95	50.48	32.80	279.00	3.20	8.40
3	134团11连	CK	7.50	40.36	26.90	209.00	1.60	8.60

序号 Serial number	土壤理化指标 Soil physical and chemical indicators	处理 Treat- ments	4月22日	5月30日	6月11日	6月22日	7月8日	7月17日
1	水解氮 (mg/kg)	菌剂	52.2	45.3	59.2	43.2	61.5	59.4
1	水解氮 (mg/kg)	CK	37.6	64.8	59.2	49.6	58.2	69.8
2	有效磷 (mg/kg)	菌剂	18.3	22.1	15.2	17.5	24.1	15.4
2	有效磷 (mg/kg)	CK	14.6	10	8.2	17.5	15.4	19.8
3	速效钾 (mg/kg)	菌剂	322	283	295	263	280	221
3	速效钾 (mg/kg)	CK	331	350	275	281	300	297

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