Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the effects of germplasm source, producing place and environmental factors on the gum yield and polysaccharide content of E. oxycarpa, E. angustifolia and E. angustifolia var.orientalis.【Method】To investigate Elaeagnus L. different populations in Xinjiang, collected Elaeagnus gum and measured the yield, extracted the polysaccharides of gum and calculated the content. The field investigation of medicinal resources of Elaeagnus L. in Xinjiang was carried out, the Elaeagnus gum was collected, the gum production rate was calculated, the polysaccharides in Elaeagnus gum were extracted and the content was calculated. 【Result】The results showed that there was no significant difference in yield and polysaccharide content among different germplasm source(P>0.05, P=0.173). The correlation between producing area and gum yield was significant(P=0.003, P=0.019, P=0.011), low latitude area was higher than high latitude area, while the polysaccharides content and producing area was not significantly different(P=0.051). Among ecological factors, the lower the elevation, the longer the frost-free period, the higher the annual average temperature and the higher the gum yield (P < 0.05), while the content of polysaccharides had no significant correlation with ecological factors (P > 0.05).【Conclusion】According to the research results, it is suggested to popularize the plant Elaeagnus trees in the lower altitude of the plains and in the south of Tianshan Mountains to promote Elaeagnus gum industry development.

Key words: Elaeagnus gum; polysaccharides; environment; germplasm source

摘要： 【目的】研究种源、产地和环境因子对尖果沙枣、沙枣和东方沙枣的产胶率和胶多糖含量的影响。【方法】对新疆不同居群药用资源沙枣实地考察,收集沙枣胶,测算产胶率,提取沙枣胶中多糖并计算含量。【结果】不同基源的沙枣其产胶率和多糖含量统计上无显著差异(P>0.05,P=0.173);产地与产胶率相关性显著(尖果沙枣P=0.003、东方沙枣P=0.019、沙枣P=0.011),即低纬度地区产胶率高于高纬度地区,而产地与胶多糖含量差异不显著(P=0.051);生态因子海拔、无霜期、年均温和年积温与产胶率相关性显著,即海拔越低,无霜期越长,年均温和年积温越高,产胶率越高(P<0.05),而多糖含量与生态因子无显著相关(P值均>0.05)。【结论】在海拔较低的平原和天山以东、以南地区种植沙枣以推广沙枣胶产业。

关键词: 沙枣胶, 多糖, 环境, 种源