Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (10): 2475-2485.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.016
• Horticultural Special Local Products·Forestry·Agricultural Product Processing Engineering • Previous Articles Next Articles
BAI Shijian(), HU Jinge, CAI Junshe
Received:
2021-12-25
Online:
2022-10-20
Published:
2022-12-21
Correspondence author:
BAI Shijian
Supported by:
通讯作者:
白世践
作者简介:
白世践(1986 -),男,云南人,高级农艺师,研究方向为葡萄栽培, (E-mail)594748964@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
BAI Shijian, HU Jinge, CAI Junshe. Effects of Inclined Dragon Trunk Shaping (V+ horizontal) Leaf Curtain Cultivation on Cluster Micro-Environment, Fruit Quality and Benefit of the Xinyu Grapes[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2475-2485.
白世践, 户金鸽, 蔡军社. 新郁葡萄顺架龙干式(V+水平)叶幕对果穗微域环境和品质及效益的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2475-2485.
月份 Month | 处理 Treat ment | 最高温 Highest temper ature(℃) | 最低温 Minimum temperature (℃) | 极温差 Polar temperature difference (℃) | 平均温度 Average temperature (℃) | 平均温差 Average temperature difference (℃) | 超过35℃ 温差总和 The sum of temperature difference exceeding 35℃(℃) | ≥35℃高温时长 Time of temperature exceeding 35℃(h) | 平均湿度 Average humidity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5月 May | ST | 42.00 | 10.50 | 31.50 | 26.34 | 21.79 | 42.00 | 65.00 | 31.76 |
IDTS V+HLC | 46.50 | 10.00 | 36.50 | 26.92 | 24.71 | 79.50 | 94.00 | 29.71 | |
6月 June | ST | 38.50 | 9.50 | 29.00 | 25.42 | 17.87 | 21.00 | 60.00 | 37.76 |
IDTS V+HLC | 43.00 | 9.00 | 34.00 | 26.55 | 21.48 | 88.00 | 134.5 | 34.12 | |
7月 July | ST | 38.00 | 12.00 | 26.00 | 26.25 | 15.11 | 13.00 | 32.00 | 51.31 |
IDTS V+HLC | 40.00 | 11.50 | 28.50 | 26.98 | 17.26 | 51.50 | 102.00 | 47.84 | |
8月 August | ST | 38.50 | 12.50 | 26.0 | 25.60 | 17.34 | 26.00 | 56.50 | 46.01 |
IDTS V+HLC | 39.50 | 12.50 | 27.00 | 25.87 | 18.16 | 42.00 | 83.50 | 43.89 | |
均值 Mean | ST | 39.25 | 11.13 | 28.13 | 25.90 | 18.03 | 25.50 | 53.38 | 41.71 |
IDTS V+HLC | 42.25 | 10.75 | 31.50 | 26.58 | 20.40 | 65.25 | 103.50 | 38.89 |
Table 1 The temperature and humidity of around xinyu grape fruit with different cultivation modes of high temperature months
月份 Month | 处理 Treat ment | 最高温 Highest temper ature(℃) | 最低温 Minimum temperature (℃) | 极温差 Polar temperature difference (℃) | 平均温度 Average temperature (℃) | 平均温差 Average temperature difference (℃) | 超过35℃ 温差总和 The sum of temperature difference exceeding 35℃(℃) | ≥35℃高温时长 Time of temperature exceeding 35℃(h) | 平均湿度 Average humidity (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5月 May | ST | 42.00 | 10.50 | 31.50 | 26.34 | 21.79 | 42.00 | 65.00 | 31.76 |
IDTS V+HLC | 46.50 | 10.00 | 36.50 | 26.92 | 24.71 | 79.50 | 94.00 | 29.71 | |
6月 June | ST | 38.50 | 9.50 | 29.00 | 25.42 | 17.87 | 21.00 | 60.00 | 37.76 |
IDTS V+HLC | 43.00 | 9.00 | 34.00 | 26.55 | 21.48 | 88.00 | 134.5 | 34.12 | |
7月 July | ST | 38.00 | 12.00 | 26.00 | 26.25 | 15.11 | 13.00 | 32.00 | 51.31 |
IDTS V+HLC | 40.00 | 11.50 | 28.50 | 26.98 | 17.26 | 51.50 | 102.00 | 47.84 | |
8月 August | ST | 38.50 | 12.50 | 26.0 | 25.60 | 17.34 | 26.00 | 56.50 | 46.01 |
IDTS V+HLC | 39.50 | 12.50 | 27.00 | 25.87 | 18.16 | 42.00 | 83.50 | 43.89 | |
均值 Mean | ST | 39.25 | 11.13 | 28.13 | 25.90 | 18.03 | 25.50 | 53.38 | 41.71 |
IDTS V+HLC | 42.25 | 10.75 | 31.50 | 26.58 | 20.40 | 65.25 | 103.50 | 38.89 |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 日均叶幕 透射辐射 Daily average PAR tran [μmol/ (m2·s)] | 日均土壤 反射辐射 Daily average PAR soil [μmol/ (m2·s)] | 日均总辐射 Daily average total PAR [μmol/ (m2·s)] |
---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 2.37 | 4.30 | 6.67 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 4.18 | 5.61 | 9.79 |
Table 2 Comparison of photosynthetic effective radiation of around Xinyu grape fruit with different cultivation modes
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 日均叶幕 透射辐射 Daily average PAR tran [μmol/ (m2·s)] | 日均土壤 反射辐射 Daily average PAR soil [μmol/ (m2·s)] | 日均总辐射 Daily average total PAR [μmol/ (m2·s)] |
---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 2.37 | 4.30 | 6.67 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 4.18 | 5.61 | 9.79 |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 果穗质量 Cluster mass(g) | 果穗整齐度 Cluster uniformity (%) | 果粒质量 Berry mass (g) | 果粒整齐度 Berry uniformity (%) | 着色 Coloring | 果穗紧 密度 Cluster density | 成熟 一致性 Ripening uniformly | 果粉 Bloom thickness | 采收日期 Harvest date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 862.62±10.32a | 67.57±2.45b | 10.44±0.54b | 75.39±5.35b | 青、 鲜红、 紫红 | 极疏, 部分紧密、 适中 | 不一致 | 薄 | 8月20日~ 10月20日 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 852.25±8.96a | 76.77± 3.28a | 13.79± 0.85a | 91.63±4.82a | 鲜红、 紫红 | 适中,极少 偏紧密 | 一致 | 厚 | 8月10日 ~9月5日 |
Table 3 Comparison of fruit appearance quality of xinyu grape with different cultivation modes
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 果穗质量 Cluster mass(g) | 果穗整齐度 Cluster uniformity (%) | 果粒质量 Berry mass (g) | 果粒整齐度 Berry uniformity (%) | 着色 Coloring | 果穗紧 密度 Cluster density | 成熟 一致性 Ripening uniformly | 果粉 Bloom thickness | 采收日期 Harvest date |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 862.62±10.32a | 67.57±2.45b | 10.44±0.54b | 75.39±5.35b | 青、 鲜红、 紫红 | 极疏, 部分紧密、 适中 | 不一致 | 薄 | 8月20日~ 10月20日 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 852.25±8.96a | 76.77± 3.28a | 13.79± 0.85a | 91.63±4.82a | 鲜红、 紫红 | 适中,极少 偏紧密 | 一致 | 厚 | 8月10日 ~9月5日 |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 果柄直径 Pedicel diameter (mm) | 鲜果硬度 Fruit firmness (kg/cm2) | 果柄耐拉力 Pedicel endurable pulling force(N) | 可溶性固 形物含量 Total soluble solid content (%) | 可滴定酸含量 Titratable acid content (%) | 固酸比 TSS/TA | VC含量 Vitamin content (mg/g) | 口感 Taste |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 1.82±0.16b | 1.78± 0.22b | 4.34±0.87b | 17.88±1.33b | 0.39±0.05a | 45.72±3.26b | 0.15± 0.06a | 寡甜、皮薄、 果皮 无涩味、 肉软 |
顺架龙 干式 (V+水平) 叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 2.40± 0.21a | 2.43±0.28a | 6.23±0.59a | 23.43±2.05a | 0.40± 0.02a | 58.55±4.83a | 0.14±0.03a | 甜、脆、 果皮无涩味、 果皮中厚 |
Table 4 Comparison of the internal quality of xinyu grape fruit under different cultivation modes
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 果柄直径 Pedicel diameter (mm) | 鲜果硬度 Fruit firmness (kg/cm2) | 果柄耐拉力 Pedicel endurable pulling force(N) | 可溶性固 形物含量 Total soluble solid content (%) | 可滴定酸含量 Titratable acid content (%) | 固酸比 TSS/TA | VC含量 Vitamin content (mg/g) | 口感 Taste |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 1.82±0.16b | 1.78± 0.22b | 4.34±0.87b | 17.88±1.33b | 0.39±0.05a | 45.72±3.26b | 0.15± 0.06a | 寡甜、皮薄、 果皮 无涩味、 肉软 |
顺架龙 干式 (V+水平) 叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 2.40± 0.21a | 2.43±0.28a | 6.23±0.59a | 23.43±2.05a | 0.40± 0.02a | 58.55±4.83a | 0.14±0.03a | 甜、脆、 果皮无涩味、 果皮中厚 |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | L | a | b | C | CIRG | 叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg/g) | 类胡萝卜 素含量 Carotenoid content (mg/g) | 花色苷含量 Anthocyanin content (mg/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 38.08±2.46a | 5.02±1.57b | 4.67±0.68a | 7.20±0.39b | 3.05±0.32b | 0.07±0.01a | 0.01±0.00a | 0.07±0.02b |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平) 叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 27.77±3.55b | 9.63±1.05a | -0.17±0.05b | 9.65±0.41a | 4.84±0.21a | 0.02±0.01b | 0.01±0.00a | 0.19±0.05a |
Table 5 Comparison of Fruit coloring of xinyu grape with different cultivation models
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | L | a | b | C | CIRG | 叶绿素含量 Chlorophyll content (mg/g) | 类胡萝卜 素含量 Carotenoid content (mg/g) | 花色苷含量 Anthocyanin content (mg/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 38.08±2.46a | 5.02±1.57b | 4.67±0.68a | 7.20±0.39b | 3.05±0.32b | 0.07±0.01a | 0.01±0.00a | 0.07±0.02b |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平) 叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 27.77±3.55b | 9.63±1.05a | -0.17±0.05b | 9.65±0.41a | 4.84±0.21a | 0.02±0.01b | 0.01±0.00a | 0.19±0.05a |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 发病率 Incidence (%) | 病情指数 Disease index |
---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 62.15±9.58a | 21.89±6.85a |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 25.18±5.75b | 8.57±3.21b |
Table 6 Comparison of the incidence of grape leaf powdery mildew in different cultivation modes
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 发病率 Incidence (%) | 病情指数 Disease index |
---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 62.15±9.58a | 21.89±6.85a |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 25.18±5.75b | 8.57±3.21b |
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 单产 Yield per unit (kg/667m2) | 商品率 Commodity rate (%) | 单价 Average unit price (元/kg) | 生产成本 Cost of production (元/667m2) | 效益 Benefit of unit (元/667 m2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 2 145.48±201.18a | 50.00 %~70.00 % | 8.50 | 6 500.00 | 4 000.00 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 1 434.81±123.25b | ≥95.00 % | 12.50 | 5 500.00 | 7 460.00 |
Table 7 Comparison of economic benefits of xinyu grapes with different cultivation modes
栽培模式 Cultivation mode | 单产 Yield per unit (kg/667m2) | 商品率 Commodity rate (%) | 单价 Average unit price (元/kg) | 生产成本 Cost of production (元/667m2) | 效益 Benefit of unit (元/667 m2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
小棚架 Small trellis | 2 145.48±201.18a | 50.00 %~70.00 % | 8.50 | 6 500.00 | 4 000.00 |
顺架龙干式 (V+水平)叶幕 IDTS V+HLC | 1 434.81±123.25b | ≥95.00 % | 12.50 | 5 500.00 | 7 460.00 |
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