Effects of density transformation on microenvironment and spectral characteristics of Fuji orchards in Xinjiang

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.015

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 1682-1688.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.015

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Storage and Preservation Processing • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of density transformation on microenvironment and spectral characteristics of Fuji orchards in Xinjiang

MEI Chuang¹(), FENG Beibei¹, MA Liya¹, ZHANG Zhenjun², ZHANG Jinshan¹, MA Yanhong¹, WANG Jixun¹(), YAN Peng¹()

1. Research Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Xinjiang Fruit Tree Science Observation and Experimental Station of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affinistry, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Aksu Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center,Aksu Xinjiang 843000,China

Received:2023-12-07 Online:2024-07-20 Published:2024-09-04
Correspondence author: WANG Jixun, YAN Peng
Supported by:
Xinjiang forest fruit industry technology system project(XJLGCYJSTX04-2024-20);Key R&D Project of Xinjiang Autonomous Region(2023B02018-2);China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-27);Forestry development subsidy project of Xinjiang Autonomous Region(XJLYKJ-2021-15)

疏密改造对新疆富士苹果果园微环境和光谱特性的影响

梅闯¹(), 冯贝贝¹, 马丽亚¹, 张振军², 张金山¹, 马艳红¹, 王继勋¹(), 闫鹏¹()

1.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所/农业农村部新疆地区果树科学观测试验站,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.阿克苏地区林业技术推广服务中心,新疆阿克苏 843000

通讯作者: 王继勋,闫鹏
作者简介:梅闯(1985-),男,四川人,副研究员,研究方向为果树育种与生物技术,(E-mail)meichuangxj@163.com
基金资助:
新疆林果产业技术体系(XJLGCYJSTX04-2024-20);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2023B02018-2);国家现代苹果产业技术体系(CARS-27);新疆维吾尔自治区林业发展补助资金项目(XJLYKJ-2021-15)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the effects of density transformation on canopy temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and canopy reflection spectrum in closed Fuji orchards, so as to solve the problems of reduced orchard productivity, decreased fruit quality and low comparative benefit. 【Methods】The old and inefficient closed Fuji orchards in Akesu, Xinjiang were taken as the test object, the temperature, relative humidity, light intensity and canopy reflectance spectra in the canopy of the fruit trees under density transformation and normal pruning were compared, and the differences were analyzed to explore the effects of density transformation on the microenvironment and spectral characteristics of the Fuji orchards in Xinjiang.【Results】The light intensity of the canopy was higher than that of the control (especially the upper canopy).Compared with the control the apple orchard density transformation had a significant effect on the canopy temperature and humidity(P<0.05).The relative light intensity of the same tree crown was higher than of the control,and the upper relative light intensity difference reached a significant level(P<0.05).The reflectance of different light quality of the canopy reflectance increased in different degree after the tree density reconstruction.【Conclusion】The density transformation significantly reduced the temperature and relative humidity in the canopy, and the light intensity in the four directions, east, west, north and south in the canopy was improved to different degrees compared with the control, and the reflectance of different light qualities in the canopy reflection spectrum was also increased significantly.The density transformation can significantly improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions and the distribution mode and intensity of light quality in orchards.

Key words: Fuji apple; density transformation; microenvironment; closed orchard; spectral characteristic

摘要：

【目的】研究疏密改造对郁闭富士苹果果园树冠内温度、相对湿度、光照强度、冠层反射光谱的影响,为提高果园产能和果实品质提供技术参考。【方法】以新疆阿克苏地区老龄低效的郁闭富士苹果果园为研究对象,比较疏密改造与正常修剪果树冠层内的温度、相对湿度、光照强度、冠层反射光谱,并进行差异性分析,分析疏密改造对新疆富士苹果果园微环境和光谱特性的影响。【结果】疏密改造后冠层的光照强度高于对照(尤其是上部冠层)疏密改造后,苹果园疏密改造与其对照相比对冠层内温度湿度产生显著影响(P<0.05)。疏密改造后相同层次树冠内相对光照强度高于对照组,且在上部相对光照强度差异达显著水平(P<0.05),疏密改造后,树体冠层反射光谱不同光质的反射率均有不同程度的提升。【结论】疏密改造显著降低了富士苹果树冠内的温度和相对湿度,冠层内东西南北4个方位、各时间段的光照强度与对照相比有不同程度的提升,同时冠层反射光谱不同光质的反射率也有显著的提升。疏密改造可以显著改善富士苹果果园通风透光条件和光质分布的方式及强度。

关键词: 富士苹果, 疏密改造, 微环境, 郁闭果园, 光谱特性

CLC Number:

MEI Chuang, FENG Beibei, MA Liya, ZHANG Zhenjun, ZHANG Jinshan, MA Yanhong, WANG Jixun, YAN Peng. Effects of density transformation on microenvironment and spectral characteristics of Fuji orchards in Xinjiang[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(7): 1682-1688.

梅闯, 冯贝贝, 马丽亚, 张振军, 张金山, 马艳红, 王继勋, 闫鹏. 疏密改造对新疆富士苹果果园微环境和光谱特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1682-1688.

Figures/Tables 4

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项目 Items	下部 Underpart (t)	下部 Underpart (CK)	上部 Upside (t)	上部 Upside (CK)
温度 Temperature(℃)	26.63±1.267^c	29.04±0.759^b	29.12±1.210^b	31.27±1.183^a
光照强度 Light intensity(klx)	12.52±3.793^ab	7.19±3.967^a	41.74±9.450^a	24.64±12.874^b
湿度 Humidity(%RH)	44.54±1.796^b	58.75±2.367^a	38.26±5.504^c	48.57±4.980^b

项目 Items	下部 Underpart (t)	下部 Underpart (CK)	上部 Upside (t)	上部 Upside (CK)
温度 Temperature(℃)	26.63±1.267^c	29.04±0.759^b	29.12±1.210^b	31.27±1.183^a
光照强度 Light intensity(klx)	12.52±3.793^ab	7.19±3.967^a	41.74±9.450^a	24.64±12.874^b
湿度 Humidity(%RH)	44.54±1.796^b	58.75±2.367^a	38.26±5.504^c	48.57±4.980^b

光质 Light quality	高度 Altitude(m)	处理 Treatments	半径1 m Radius 1m	半径2 m Radius 2m	半径3 m Radius 3m
紫外光 Ultraviolet light (310~400 nm)	1	t	0.24±0.107 3^a	0.28±0.093 2^a	0.3±0.071 4^a
	1	CK	0.15±0.087 3^c	0.13±0.072 4^d	0.12±0.074 3^c
	2	t	0.21±0.080 6^b	0.25±0.075 7^b	0.28±0.080 5^a
	2	CK	0.21±0.065 4^ab	0.18±0.072 5^c	0.16±0.079 7^b
蓝紫光 Blue-violet light (410~510 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.072 4^a	0.23±0.046 7^a	0.25±0.006 6^a
	1	CK	0.11±0.059 8^c	0.09±0.009 3^d	0.08±0.008 6^d
	2	t	0.14±0.006 5^b	0.18±0.005 9^b	0.22±0.060 2^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.006 5^a	0.13±0.021^c	0.11±0.041 6^c
黄绿光 Greenish-yellow light (510~610 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.074 4^a	0.24±0.045 9^a	0.25±0.007^a
	1	CK	0.12±0.061 9^b	0.09±0.010 9^d	0.08±0.009^d
	2	t	0.13±0.007 6^b	0.18±0.005^b	0.22±0.060 7^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.006 8^a	0.13±0.021 2^c	0.12±0.042 3^c
红橙光 Reddish orange light (610~710 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.073 9^a	0.24±0.043 7^a	0.25±0.009 3^a
	1	CK	0.12±0.061 9^b	0.09±0.013 1^d	0.08±0.011 5^d
	2	t	0.13±0.011 6^b	0.18±0.010 4^b	0.22±0.061 7^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.010 1^a	0.13±0.022 4^c	0.12±0.044 8^c
近红外 Near infrared (710~760 nm)	1	t	0.27±0.073 4^a	0.32±0.061 1^a	0.34±0.039 3^a
	1	CK	0.18±0.064 1^b	0.17±0.030 1^c	0.16±0.028 2^c
	2	t	0.24±0.04^a	0.31±0.048 1^a	0.35±0.061 3^a
	2	CK	0.27±0.032 7^a	0.23±0.039 4^b	0.22±0.050 1^b
远红外 Far infrared (760~1130 nm)	1	t	0.37±0.084^a	0.41±0.076 4^a	0.42±0.053 3^a
	1	CK	0.25±0.069 9^d	0.24±0.047 8^c	0.23±0.047 5^c
	2	t	0.33±0.047 2^c	0.4±0.043 9^a	0.42±0.050 6^a
	2	CK	0.34±0.039 1^b	0.31±0.044 7^b	0.29±0.054 7^b

光质 Light quality	高度 Altitude(m)	处理 Treatments	半径1 m Radius 1m	半径2 m Radius 2m	半径3 m Radius 3m
紫外光 Ultraviolet light (310~400 nm)	1	t	0.24±0.107 3^a	0.28±0.093 2^a	0.3±0.071 4^a
	1	CK	0.15±0.087 3^c	0.13±0.072 4^d	0.12±0.074 3^c
	2	t	0.21±0.080 6^b	0.25±0.075 7^b	0.28±0.080 5^a
	2	CK	0.21±0.065 4^ab	0.18±0.072 5^c	0.16±0.079 7^b
蓝紫光 Blue-violet light (410~510 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.072 4^a	0.23±0.046 7^a	0.25±0.006 6^a
	1	CK	0.11±0.059 8^c	0.09±0.009 3^d	0.08±0.008 6^d
	2	t	0.14±0.006 5^b	0.18±0.005 9^b	0.22±0.060 2^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.006 5^a	0.13±0.021^c	0.11±0.041 6^c
黄绿光 Greenish-yellow light (510~610 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.074 4^a	0.24±0.045 9^a	0.25±0.007^a
	1	CK	0.12±0.061 9^b	0.09±0.010 9^d	0.08±0.009^d
	2	t	0.13±0.007 6^b	0.18±0.005^b	0.22±0.060 7^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.006 8^a	0.13±0.021 2^c	0.12±0.042 3^c
红橙光 Reddish orange light (610~710 nm)	1	t	0.18±0.073 9^a	0.24±0.043 7^a	0.25±0.009 3^a
	1	CK	0.12±0.061 9^b	0.09±0.013 1^d	0.08±0.011 5^d
	2	t	0.13±0.011 6^b	0.18±0.010 4^b	0.22±0.061 7^b
	2	CK	0.18±0.010 1^a	0.13±0.022 4^c	0.12±0.044 8^c
近红外 Near infrared (710~760 nm)	1	t	0.27±0.073 4^a	0.32±0.061 1^a	0.34±0.039 3^a
	1	CK	0.18±0.064 1^b	0.17±0.030 1^c	0.16±0.028 2^c
	2	t	0.24±0.04^a	0.31±0.048 1^a	0.35±0.061 3^a
	2	CK	0.27±0.032 7^a	0.23±0.039 4^b	0.22±0.050 1^b
远红外 Far infrared (760~1130 nm)	1	t	0.37±0.084^a	0.41±0.076 4^a	0.42±0.053 3^a
	1	CK	0.25±0.069 9^d	0.24±0.047 8^c	0.23±0.047 5^c
	2	t	0.33±0.047 2^c	0.4±0.043 9^a	0.42±0.050 6^a
	2	CK	0.34±0.039 1^b	0.31±0.044 7^b	0.29±0.054 7^b

Effects of density transformation on microenvironment and spectral characteristics of Fuji orchards in Xinjiang

疏密改造对新疆富士苹果果园微环境和光谱特性的影响

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