新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 193-201.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.022
冯梅(), 曹亚军, 肖莉娟(
), 王华强, 张枫, 陈刚, 黄鹏, 王永明, 迪力亚尔·凯赛尔
收稿日期:
2024-07-30
出版日期:
2025-01-20
发布日期:
2025-03-11
通信作者:
肖莉娟(1988-),女,甘肃定西人,硕士,助理研究员,研究方向为果树育种及栽培,(E-mail)450932643@qq.com作者简介:
冯梅(1987-),女,四川蓬溪人,助理研究员,硕士,研究方向为果树育种及栽培,(E-mail)528186822@qq.com
基金资助:
FENG Mei(), CAO Yajun, XIAO Lijuan(
), WANG Huaqiang, ZHANG Feng, CHEN Gang, HUANG Peng, WANG Yongming, Diliyaer Kaisaier
Received:
2024-07-30
Published:
2025-01-20
Online:
2025-03-11
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】 研究苹果树和梨树根(以下简称苹果根和梨根)浸提液对水防风药材种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应,为林药复合种植模式提供理论依据。【方法】 利用培养皿滤纸法分析苹果和梨根不同浓度水浸提液对受体植物种子的萌发、幼苗生长及幼苗鲜重的影响;采用营养钵育苗法,研究苹果根、梨根不同浓度水浸提液对受体植物生理指标的影响。【结果】 (1)苹果根浸提液对水防风种子生长和生理代谢具有明显的化感作用,随着浸提液浓度的增加,水防风种子的发芽率、鲜重和幼苗生长呈现出先增加后下降的趋势。不同浓度的苹果根浸提液对水防风幼苗的可溶性蛋白、可溶性糖、脯氨酸、超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶等生化指标亦存在显著差异。(2)梨根浸提液对水防风生长和生理代谢具有明显的化感作用,随着浸提液浓度的增加,水防风种子的发芽率、鲜重和幼苗生长呈现出先增加后下降的趋势。不同浓度的梨根浸提液对水防风幼苗的生理指标亦存在显著差异。(3)对各指标化感效应指数RI取平均值进行综合评价,苹果树和梨根浸提液对水防风生长均起抑制作用,且绝对值RI(梨)>RI(苹果)。【结论】 由于苹果对水防风生长抑制较小,因此在间套种时,可选择与苹果进行间套种。
中图分类号:
冯梅, 曹亚军, 肖莉娟, 王华强, 张枫, 陈刚, 黄鹏, 王永明, 迪力亚尔·凯赛尔. 苹果树和梨树根浸提液对水防风药材种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 193-201.
FENG Mei, CAO Yajun, XIAO Lijuan, WANG Huaqiang, ZHANG Feng, CHEN Gang, HUANG Peng, WANG Yongming, Diliyaer Kaisaier. Study of the allelopathic effects of apple and pear root extracts on the seed germination and seedling growth of Ostericum aquaticum[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 193-201.
浓度 Concent- ration (g/mL) | 发芽率 Germin- ation rate(%) | 鲜重 Fresh weight (g) | 芽长 Shoot length (cm) | 根长 Root length (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 90a | 0.17d | 3.5b | 0.7a |
0.002 5 | 60c | 0.17d | 4.12ab | 0.12a |
0.005 | 62.5b | 0.19c | 4.47ab | 0.2a |
0.025 | 55.56d | 0.22a | 5.06ab | 0.14a |
0.05 | 40e | 0.2b | 5.15a | 0.1a |
表1 不同浓度苹果根浸提液下水防风种子萌发及幼苗生长的变化
Tab.1 Changes of apple root extracts at different concentrations on the germination and seedling growth of paeonia lactiflora seeds
浓度 Concent- ration (g/mL) | 发芽率 Germin- ation rate(%) | 鲜重 Fresh weight (g) | 芽长 Shoot length (cm) | 根长 Root length (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 90a | 0.17d | 3.5b | 0.7a |
0.002 5 | 60c | 0.17d | 4.12ab | 0.12a |
0.005 | 62.5b | 0.19c | 4.47ab | 0.2a |
0.025 | 55.56d | 0.22a | 5.06ab | 0.14a |
0.05 | 40e | 0.2b | 5.15a | 0.1a |
图1 不同浓度苹果根浸提液下受体种子萌发及幼苗生长RI的变化
Fig.1 Changes of different concentrations of apple root extract on the germination and seedling growth of receptor seeds
浓度 Concentration (g/mL) | 可溶性蛋白 sPRO (ng/g) | 脯氨酸 Pro (ng/g) | 可溶性糖 solublesugar (ng/g) | 丙二醛 MDA (μmol/g) | 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U/g) | 过氧化物酶 POD (U/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 937.15b | 131.43c | 2 063.28e | 62.1b | 1 591.05c | 3.01a |
0.002 5 | 1 233.41a | 81.81d | 2 990.28b | 69.3b | 850.05e | 1.47c |
0.005 | 1 237.67a | 143.49b | 3 522.19a | 67.39b | 1 442.62d | 2.45b |
0.025 | 1 165.74a | 162.26a | 2 618.2c | 81.64a | 1 737.18a | 2.53b |
0.05 | 687.25d | 170.41a | 2 485.23d | 88.76a | 1 668.72b | 2.38b |
表2 不同浓度苹果根浸提液下水防风幼苗生理指标的变化
Tab.2 Changes of different concentrations of apple root soaking solution on physiological indexes of water-flooded seedlings
浓度 Concentration (g/mL) | 可溶性蛋白 sPRO (ng/g) | 脯氨酸 Pro (ng/g) | 可溶性糖 solublesugar (ng/g) | 丙二醛 MDA (μmol/g) | 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U/g) | 过氧化物酶 POD (U/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 937.15b | 131.43c | 2 063.28e | 62.1b | 1 591.05c | 3.01a |
0.002 5 | 1 233.41a | 81.81d | 2 990.28b | 69.3b | 850.05e | 1.47c |
0.005 | 1 237.67a | 143.49b | 3 522.19a | 67.39b | 1 442.62d | 2.45b |
0.025 | 1 165.74a | 162.26a | 2 618.2c | 81.64a | 1 737.18a | 2.53b |
0.05 | 687.25d | 170.41a | 2 485.23d | 88.76a | 1 668.72b | 2.38b |
图2 不同浓度苹果根浸提液下水防风幼苗生理指标RI的变化
Fig.2 Changes of apple root extract at different concentrations on the physiological indexes of water-deficit wind-resistant seedlings
浓度 Concen- tration (g/mL) | 发芽率 Germin- ation rate (%) | 鲜重 Fresh weight (g) | 芽长 Shoot length (cm) | 根长 Root length (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 80c | 0.019 2c | 1.78a | 1.01a |
0.002 5 | 100a | 0.022 8b | 2.1a | 0.78ab |
0.005 | 83.33b | 0.023ab | 2.44a | 0.56ab |
0.025 | 66.67d | 0.024 7a | 2.06a | 0.48ab |
0.05 | 50e | 0.019 9c | 1.81a | 0.36b |
表3 不同浓度梨根浸提液下水防风种子萌发、幼苗生长的变化
Tab.3 Changes of different concentrations of pear root extract on water-wind seed germination and seedling growth
浓度 Concen- tration (g/mL) | 发芽率 Germin- ation rate (%) | 鲜重 Fresh weight (g) | 芽长 Shoot length (cm) | 根长 Root length (cm) |
---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 80c | 0.019 2c | 1.78a | 1.01a |
0.002 5 | 100a | 0.022 8b | 2.1a | 0.78ab |
0.005 | 83.33b | 0.023ab | 2.44a | 0.56ab |
0.025 | 66.67d | 0.024 7a | 2.06a | 0.48ab |
0.05 | 50e | 0.019 9c | 1.81a | 0.36b |
图3 不同浓度梨树根浸提液下受体种子萌发、幼苗生长RI的变化
Fig.3 Changes of different concentrations of pear tree root extract on seed germination and seedling growth in receptors
浓度 Concentration (g/m) | 可溶性蛋白 sPRO (ng/g) | 脯氨酸 Pro (ng/g) | 可溶性糖 Solublesugar (ng/g) | 丙二醛 MDA (μmol/g) | 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U/g) | 过氧化物酶 POD (U/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 937.15d | 131.43b | 2 063.28b | 62.1c | 1 591.05b | 3.01a |
0.002 5 | 1 222.75c | 108.04d | 3 891.71a | 76.25b | 1 737.18a | 1.94d |
0.005 | 1 436.13b | 118.89c | 1 529.28e | 80.38b | 1 607.91b | 1.92d |
0.025 | 1 551.04a | 153.2a | 1 874.86d | 94.61a | 1 315.08c | 2.14c |
0.05 | 906.56e | 160.47a | 1 958.05c | 62.07c | 919.56d | 2.81b |
表4 不同浓度梨根浸提液下水防风幼苗生理指标的变化
Tab.4 Changes of Different Concentrations of Pear Root Extract on Physiological Indices of Water Windproof Seedlings
浓度 Concentration (g/m) | 可溶性蛋白 sPRO (ng/g) | 脯氨酸 Pro (ng/g) | 可溶性糖 Solublesugar (ng/g) | 丙二醛 MDA (μmol/g) | 超氧化物歧化酶 SOD (U/g) | 过氧化物酶 POD (U/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CK | 937.15d | 131.43b | 2 063.28b | 62.1c | 1 591.05b | 3.01a |
0.002 5 | 1 222.75c | 108.04d | 3 891.71a | 76.25b | 1 737.18a | 1.94d |
0.005 | 1 436.13b | 118.89c | 1 529.28e | 80.38b | 1 607.91b | 1.92d |
0.025 | 1 551.04a | 153.2a | 1 874.86d | 94.61a | 1 315.08c | 2.14c |
0.05 | 906.56e | 160.47a | 1 958.05c | 62.07c | 919.56d | 2.81b |
图4 不同浓度梨树根浸提液下水防风幼苗生理指标RI的变化
Fig.4 Changes of different concentrations of pear tree root extract on the physiological indicators of water-deficient wind seedlings
![]() |
表6 梨树根浸提液浓度与水防风生物学指标间的相关性
Tab.6 Correlation between concentration of pear tree root-soaking extract and biological indicators of water-deficit tolerance
![]() |
化感效应指数RI | P0.002 5 | P0.005 | P0.025 | P0.05 | L0.002 5 | L0.005 | L0.025 | L0.05 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
发芽率Germination rate | -0.33 | -0.31 | -0.38 | -0.56 | 0.1 | -0.07 | -0.26 | -0.44 |
鲜重Fresh weight | 0 | 0.11 | 0.23 | 0.15 | -0.87 | -0.86 | -0.85 | -0.88 |
芽长Shoot length | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.32 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.41 | -0.48 |
根长Root length | -0.83 | -0.71 | -0.8 | -0.86 | 0.1 | -0.2 | -0.31 | -0.49 |
可溶性蛋白sPRO | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.2 | -0.27 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.4 | -0.03 |
脯氨酸Pro | -0.38 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.23 | -0.18 | -0.1 | 0.14 | 0.18 |
可溶性糖Solublesugar | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.47 | -0.26 | -0.09 | -0.05 |
丙二醛MDA | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.3 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
超氧化物歧化酶SOD | -0.47 | -0.09 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.01 | -0.17 | -0.42 |
过氧化物酶POD | -0.51 | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.21 | -0.36 | -0.36 | -0.29 | -0.07 |
平均值Mean | -0.172 | -0.016 | 0.012 | -0.068 | -0.064 | -0.156 | -0.15 | -0.267 |
-0.061 | -0.159 |
表7 综合评价
Tab.7 Comprehensive Evaluation
化感效应指数RI | P0.002 5 | P0.005 | P0.025 | P0.05 | L0.002 5 | L0.005 | L0.025 | L0.05 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
发芽率Germination rate | -0.33 | -0.31 | -0.38 | -0.56 | 0.1 | -0.07 | -0.26 | -0.44 |
鲜重Fresh weight | 0 | 0.11 | 0.23 | 0.15 | -0.87 | -0.86 | -0.85 | -0.88 |
芽长Shoot length | 0.15 | 0.22 | 0.31 | 0.32 | -0.4 | -0.3 | -0.41 | -0.48 |
根长Root length | -0.83 | -0.71 | -0.8 | -0.86 | 0.1 | -0.2 | -0.31 | -0.49 |
可溶性蛋白sPRO | 0.24 | 0.24 | 0.2 | -0.27 | 0.23 | 0.35 | 0.4 | -0.03 |
脯氨酸Pro | -0.38 | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.23 | -0.18 | -0.1 | 0.14 | 0.18 |
可溶性糖Solublesugar | 0.31 | 0.41 | 0.21 | 0.17 | 0.47 | -0.26 | -0.09 | -0.05 |
丙二醛MDA | 0.1 | 0.08 | 0.24 | 0.3 | 0.19 | 0.23 | 0.34 | 0.01 |
超氧化物歧化酶SOD | -0.47 | -0.09 | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.01 | -0.17 | -0.42 |
过氧化物酶POD | -0.51 | -0.19 | -0.16 | -0.21 | -0.36 | -0.36 | -0.29 | -0.07 |
平均值Mean | -0.172 | -0.016 | 0.012 | -0.068 | -0.064 | -0.156 | -0.15 | -0.267 |
-0.061 | -0.159 |
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