新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (2): 365-372.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.02.012
收稿日期:
2023-06-07
出版日期:
2024-02-20
发布日期:
2024-03-19
通信作者:
王世伟(1984-),男,新疆人,教授,博士,研究方向为森林培育学,(E-mail)wsw850204@163.com作者简介:
崔宇同(1998-),男,吉林人,硕士研究生,研究方向为林木栽培与生理,(E-mail)994946083@qq.com
基金资助:
CUI Yutong(), ZHANG Cuifang, WANG Shiwei(
)
Received:
2023-06-07
Published:
2024-02-20
Online:
2024-03-19
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】观测研究库尔勒香梨芽变材料的物候期及坐果特性,为提升库尔勒香梨品质提供参考依据。【方法】以库尔勒香梨和库尔勒香梨芽变材料为研究对象,设置芽变材料无人工授粉组、普通库尔勒香梨人工授粉组和普通库尔勒香梨无人工授粉组,且3个处理组均不喷施促进萼片脱落的药剂,研究3个处理组的物候期、坐果率及脱萼率。【结果】库尔勒香梨芽变材料与普通库尔勒香梨的物候期高度重合,相差不超过2 d;芽变材料无人工授粉组坐果率与脱萼率>普通库尔勒香梨人工授粉组坐果率与脱萼率>普通库尔勒香梨无人工授粉组坐果率与脱萼率,3个处理组之间均存在极显著差异。【结论】芽变材料与普通库尔勒香梨的物候期基本一致,现有库尔勒香梨种植区的管理方式无需改变即可直接利用该材料进行嫁接;芽变材料的坐果率与脱萼率都显著高于普通库尔勒香梨,在栽培过程中可以有效减少使用化学药剂,降低成本且提高果实品质。
中图分类号:
崔宇同, 张翠芳, 王世伟. 库尔勒香梨芽变材料物候期及坐果特性观测[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(2): 365-372.
CUI Yutong, ZHANG Cuifang, WANG Shiwei. Observation on phenological period and fruit setting characteristics of bud transmutation material of Korla fragrant pear[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(2): 365-372.
组别 Group | 编号 Number | 花序坐果率 Inflorescence fruit set rate(%) | 花朵 坐果率 Flower fruit set rate(%) | 平均 花序数 Average ordinal number | 平均花朵数 Average number of flowers | 平均花序 坐果率 Average inflorescence fruit set rate(%) | 平均花朵 坐果率 Average flower fruit set rate(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
库尔勒香梨 芽变材料无人工授粉组 Korla pear bud mutation materials without artificial pollination group | YB-1 | 77.99 | 34.62 | ||||
YB-2 | 67.66 | 26.86 | |||||
YB-3 | 68.56 | 29.47 | |||||
YB-4 | 66.54 | 32.09 | |||||
YB-5 | 68.70 | 28.72 | 46 | 219 | 73.13±1.20A | 31.39±0.95A | |
YB-6 | 74.97 | 29.25 | |||||
YB-7 | 78.48 | 28.17 | |||||
YB-8 | 75.98 | 31.06 | |||||
YB-9 | 74.82 | 37.75 | |||||
YB-10 | 77.59 | 36.47 | |||||
普通库尔勒香梨 人工授粉组 Ordinary korla pear artificial pollination group | PTP-1 | 60.69 | 23.64 | ||||
PTP-2 | 64.28 | 26.01 | |||||
PTP-3 | 60.28 | 26.05 | |||||
PTP-4 | 64.29 | 26.84 | |||||
PTP-5 | 69.15 | 29.15 | 39 | 157 | 67.58±0.99B | 26.21±0.43B | |
PTP-6 | 72.33 | 28.24 | |||||
PTP-7 | 65.82 | 25.00 | |||||
PTP-8 | 67.60 | 26.78 | |||||
PTP-9 | 73.93 | 25.22 | |||||
PTP-10 | 76.14 | 25.21 | |||||
普通库尔勒香梨 无人工授粉组(CK) Ordinary korla pear without artificial pollination group(CK) | CK-1 | 42.51 | 20.70 | ||||
CK-2 | 42.93 | 17.91 | |||||
CK-3 | 38.83 | 21.84 | |||||
CK-4 | 44.85 | 18.81 | |||||
CK-5 | 45.38 | 17.62 | 37 | 138 | 45.83±0.95C | 18.63±0.81C | |
CK-6 | 49.07 | 13.27 | |||||
CK-7 | 56.79 | 23.15 | |||||
CK-8 | 46.10 | 19.91 | |||||
CK-9 | 40.95 | 15.26 | |||||
CK-10 | 51.19 | 18.43 |
表1 3个处理组之间库尔勒香梨坐果率比较
Tab.1 Comparison of fruit setting rates between three groups
组别 Group | 编号 Number | 花序坐果率 Inflorescence fruit set rate(%) | 花朵 坐果率 Flower fruit set rate(%) | 平均 花序数 Average ordinal number | 平均花朵数 Average number of flowers | 平均花序 坐果率 Average inflorescence fruit set rate(%) | 平均花朵 坐果率 Average flower fruit set rate(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
库尔勒香梨 芽变材料无人工授粉组 Korla pear bud mutation materials without artificial pollination group | YB-1 | 77.99 | 34.62 | ||||
YB-2 | 67.66 | 26.86 | |||||
YB-3 | 68.56 | 29.47 | |||||
YB-4 | 66.54 | 32.09 | |||||
YB-5 | 68.70 | 28.72 | 46 | 219 | 73.13±1.20A | 31.39±0.95A | |
YB-6 | 74.97 | 29.25 | |||||
YB-7 | 78.48 | 28.17 | |||||
YB-8 | 75.98 | 31.06 | |||||
YB-9 | 74.82 | 37.75 | |||||
YB-10 | 77.59 | 36.47 | |||||
普通库尔勒香梨 人工授粉组 Ordinary korla pear artificial pollination group | PTP-1 | 60.69 | 23.64 | ||||
PTP-2 | 64.28 | 26.01 | |||||
PTP-3 | 60.28 | 26.05 | |||||
PTP-4 | 64.29 | 26.84 | |||||
PTP-5 | 69.15 | 29.15 | 39 | 157 | 67.58±0.99B | 26.21±0.43B | |
PTP-6 | 72.33 | 28.24 | |||||
PTP-7 | 65.82 | 25.00 | |||||
PTP-8 | 67.60 | 26.78 | |||||
PTP-9 | 73.93 | 25.22 | |||||
PTP-10 | 76.14 | 25.21 | |||||
普通库尔勒香梨 无人工授粉组(CK) Ordinary korla pear without artificial pollination group(CK) | CK-1 | 42.51 | 20.70 | ||||
CK-2 | 42.93 | 17.91 | |||||
CK-3 | 38.83 | 21.84 | |||||
CK-4 | 44.85 | 18.81 | |||||
CK-5 | 45.38 | 17.62 | 37 | 138 | 45.83±0.95C | 18.63±0.81C | |
CK-6 | 49.07 | 13.27 | |||||
CK-7 | 56.79 | 23.15 | |||||
CK-8 | 46.10 | 19.91 | |||||
CK-9 | 40.95 | 15.26 | |||||
CK-10 | 51.19 | 18.43 |
组别 Group | 编号 Number | 脱萼率 Decalyx rate(%) | 平均坐果数 Average number of fruit set | 平均脱萼果数 Average number of calyx decycalyx | 脱萼率 Average calyx removal rate(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
库尔勒香梨 芽变材料无人工授粉组 Korla pear bud mutation materials without artificial pollination group | YB-1 | 67.35 | |||
YB-2 | 65.12 | ||||
YB-3 | 69.51 | ||||
YB-4 | 67.14 | ||||
YB-5 | 71.86 | 10 | 7 | 69.76±0.07 A | |
YB-6 | 69.29 | ||||
YB-7 | 70.30 | ||||
YB-8 | 71.07 | ||||
YB-9 | 74.26 | ||||
YB-10 | 71.83 | ||||
普通库尔勒香梨 人工授粉组 Ordinary korla pear artificial pollination group | PTP-1 | 61.90 | |||
PTP-2 | 63.54 | ||||
PTP-3 | 63.89 | ||||
PTP-4 | 63.13 | ||||
PTP-5 | 57.14 | 9 | 6 | 62.67±0.09B | |
PTP-6 | 69.70 | ||||
PTP-7 | 69.39 | ||||
PTP-8 | 56.41 | ||||
PTP-9 | 64.32 | ||||
PTP-10 | 54.24 | ||||
普通库尔勒香梨 无人工授粉组(CK) Ordinary korla pear without artificial pollination group(CK) | CK-1 | 53.81 | |||
CK-2 | 44.44 | ||||
CK-3 | 58.33 | ||||
CK-4 | 58.13 | ||||
CK-5 | 53.06 | 7 | 4 | 56.54 ±0.12 C | |
CK-6 | 63.30 | ||||
CK-7 | 54.93 | ||||
CK-8 | 57.50 | ||||
CK-9 | 54.45 | ||||
CK-10 | 49.63 |
表2 3个处理组之间库尔勒香犁脱萼率比较
Tab.2 Comparison of calyx abscission rate among three groups
组别 Group | 编号 Number | 脱萼率 Decalyx rate(%) | 平均坐果数 Average number of fruit set | 平均脱萼果数 Average number of calyx decycalyx | 脱萼率 Average calyx removal rate(%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
库尔勒香梨 芽变材料无人工授粉组 Korla pear bud mutation materials without artificial pollination group | YB-1 | 67.35 | |||
YB-2 | 65.12 | ||||
YB-3 | 69.51 | ||||
YB-4 | 67.14 | ||||
YB-5 | 71.86 | 10 | 7 | 69.76±0.07 A | |
YB-6 | 69.29 | ||||
YB-7 | 70.30 | ||||
YB-8 | 71.07 | ||||
YB-9 | 74.26 | ||||
YB-10 | 71.83 | ||||
普通库尔勒香梨 人工授粉组 Ordinary korla pear artificial pollination group | PTP-1 | 61.90 | |||
PTP-2 | 63.54 | ||||
PTP-3 | 63.89 | ||||
PTP-4 | 63.13 | ||||
PTP-5 | 57.14 | 9 | 6 | 62.67±0.09B | |
PTP-6 | 69.70 | ||||
PTP-7 | 69.39 | ||||
PTP-8 | 56.41 | ||||
PTP-9 | 64.32 | ||||
PTP-10 | 54.24 | ||||
普通库尔勒香梨 无人工授粉组(CK) Ordinary korla pear without artificial pollination group(CK) | CK-1 | 53.81 | |||
CK-2 | 44.44 | ||||
CK-3 | 58.33 | ||||
CK-4 | 58.13 | ||||
CK-5 | 53.06 | 7 | 4 | 56.54 ±0.12 C | |
CK-6 | 63.30 | ||||
CK-7 | 54.93 | ||||
CK-8 | 57.50 | ||||
CK-9 | 54.45 | ||||
CK-10 | 49.63 |
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