赛蜜酥1号枣及其芽变的表型和光合差异比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 69-78.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.009

赛蜜酥1号枣及其芽变的表型和光合差异比较

张雁飞¹(), 靳娟², 阿布都卡尤木·阿依麦提², 贾平平², 杨磊², 樊丁宇², 周龙¹(), 郝庆²

1.新疆农业大学林学与园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院园艺作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2022-04-23 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-03-07
通信作者: 周龙(1976-),男,新疆吐鲁番人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为果树种质资源及栽培生理,(E-mail)zhoulong2004@126.com;
郝庆(1969-),男,新疆阿克苏人,研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)haoqingxj@sohu.com
作者简介:张雁飞(1997-),女,甘肃白银人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)2453118791@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆红枣产业技术体系专项([2020-2021]XJCYTX-01)

Comparison of Phenotypic and Photosynthetic Differences between Saimisu 1 Jujube and Its Budding

ZHANG Yanfei¹(), JIN Juan², Abudoukayoumu Ayimaiti², JIA Pingping², YANG Lei², FAN Dingyu², ZHOU Long¹(), HAO Qing²

1. College of Forestry and Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Institute of Horticultural Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2022-04-23 Published:2023-01-20 Online:2023-03-07
Correspondence author: ZHOU Long(1976-),male, Turpan, Xinjiang, professor, doctoral supervisor, His research interests are fruit tree germplasm resources and cultivation physiology, (E-mail)zhoulong2004@126.com;
HAO Qing(1969-),male, Aksu, Xinjiang, researcher, master's supervisor, His research interests are fruit tree cultivation and physiology, (E-mail)haoqingxj@sohu.com
Supported by:
Special Fund for Xinjiang jujube industry technology system construction([2020-2021]XJCYTX-01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】测定相同栽培管理条件下赛蜜酥 1 号枣及其芽变赛蜜酥 2 号的表型特征及光合日变化的差异,为芽变选育提供参考依据。【方法】比较观测两者表型特征,采用 LI-6800 便携式光合仪测定两者的光合指标,分析叶片特征和光合参数的相关性。【结果】赛蜜酥 1 号和赛蜜酥 2 号的花期基本同步,花器结构之间具有显著差异,叶片特征只有叶片宽具有显著差异,叶片宽之间相差8.90 mm 左右,其它表型特征无明显差异,赛蜜酥 1 号的叶片为细长型,赛蜜酥 2 号叶片则为扁长型,两者枣吊长与枣吊粗之间具有显著差异,而单吊花量之间无显著差异。光合指标均有显著差异,且两者光合指标的日变化曲线基本一致,两者净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均为“双峰”曲线,“光合午休”现象明显,水分利用效率(WUE)的曲线均为大“V”型,且赛蜜酥 1 号的 WUE 高于赛蜜酥 2 号,两品种Pn、Tr、Gs、Ci、WUE等指标间分别相差2.60 μmol /(m²·s)、1.49 mmol /(m²·s)、0.07 mol /(m²·s)、8.04 μmol /(m²·s)、0.19 μmol /mmol。【结论】赛蜜酥 2 号的花和叶片均大于赛蜜酥 1 号,枣吊的生长势也强于赛蜜酥 1 号。赛蜜酥 2 号的净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和气孔导度(Gs)均显著高于赛蜜酥 1 号,光合能力较强。

关键词: 枣; 芽变; 表型特征; 光合日变化; 相关性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To determine the difference of phenotypic characteristics and diurnal variation of photosynthesis between Saimisu 1 and its budding Saimisu 2 under the same cultivation and management conditions in the hope of providing reference basis for bud breeding. 【Method】 In this experiment, the phenotypic characteristics of the two were observed and compared, the photosynthetic indexes of the two were measured by LI-6800 portable photosynthetic instrument, and then the correlation between leaf characteristics and photosynthetic parameters was analyzed. 【Results】 The flowering periods of Saimisu 1 and Saimisu 2 were basically synchronous, and there were significant differences in flower structure.Only the leaf width had significant differences, and the difference between leaf widths was about 8.90 mm.There was no significant difference in other phenotypic characteristics; It was found that the leaves of Saimisu 1 were slender, and the leaves of Saimisu 2 were flat and long.There was a significant difference between the hanging length and hanging thickness of jujube, but there was no significant difference between the amounts of single hanging flower; there were significant differences in photosynthetic indexes, and the diurnal variation curves of photosynthetic indexes of the two were basically identical.The net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of the two were "bimodal" curves.The phenomenon of "photosynthetic lunch break" was obvious, the curves of water use efficiency (WUE) were large "V", and the WUE of Saimisu 1 was higher than that of Saimisu 2; The differences of Pn, Tr, Gs, Ci and WUE between the two varieties were 2.60 respectively μmol /(m²·s), 1.49 mmol /(m²·s), 0.07 mol /(m²·s), 8.04 μmol /(m²·s) and 0.19 μmol /mmol. 【Conclusion】 Through comparison, it was found that the flowers and leaves of Saimisu 2 are larger than those of Saimisu 1, and so is the growth potential of jujube hanging.In addition, the net photosynthetic rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr) and stomatal conductance (Gs) of Saimisu 2 are significantly higher than those of Saimisu 1.

Key words: jujube; bud mutation; phenotypic characteristics; diurnal variation of photosynthesis; correlation

中图分类号:

S665.1

张雁飞, 靳娟, 阿布都卡尤木·阿依麦提, 贾平平, 杨磊, 樊丁宇, 周龙, 郝庆. 赛蜜酥1号枣及其芽变的表型和光合差异比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 69-78.

ZHANG Yanfei, JIN Juan, Abudoukayoumu Ayimaiti, JIA Pingping, YANG Lei, FAN Dingyu, ZHOU Long, HAO Qing. Comparison of Phenotypic and Photosynthetic Differences between Saimisu 1 Jujube and Its Budding[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 69-78.

图/表 15

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品种 Varieties	花直径 Flower diameter (mm)	花盘直径 Disk diameter (mm)	花柄长 Flower handle length (mm)	萼片长 Sepal length (mm)	萼片宽 Sepal width (mm)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	6.71±0.06^*	2.85±0.06^*	4.78±0.09^*	2.52±0.05^*	2.13±0.03^*
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	8.27±0.07^*	3.41±0.04^*	5.66±0.17^*	2.89±0.04^*	2.49±0.04^*

品种 Varieties	花直径 Flower diameter (mm)	花盘直径 Disk diameter (mm)	花柄长 Flower handle length (mm)	萼片长 Sepal length (mm)	萼片宽 Sepal width (mm)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	6.71±0.06^*	2.85±0.06^*	4.78±0.09^*	2.52±0.05^*	2.13±0.03^*
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	8.27±0.07^*	3.41±0.04^*	5.66±0.17^*	2.89±0.04^*	2.49±0.04^*

品种 Varieties	叶片长度 Leaf length (mm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (mm)	叶片厚度 Leaf thickness (mm)	单叶重 Leaf weight (g)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	57.97±0.59	29.17±0.36^*	0.27±0.00	0.29±0.01
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	59.08±0.61	38.07±0.43^*	0.36±0.00	0.49±0.01

品种 Varieties	叶片长度 Leaf length (mm)	叶片宽度 Leaf width (mm)	叶片厚度 Leaf thickness (mm)	单叶重 Leaf weight (g)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	57.97±0.59	29.17±0.36^*	0.27±0.00	0.29±0.01
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	59.08±0.61	38.07±0.43^*	0.36±0.00	0.49±0.01

品种 Varieties	枣吊长 Jujube hanging length(mm)	枣吊粗 Jujube hanging thick(mm)	单吊花量 Single hanging amount(个)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	337.02±0.35^*	3.28±0.00^*	26.67±0.24
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	433.26±0.43^*	4.38±0.00^*	22.33±0.33

赛蜜酥1号枣及其芽变的表型和光合差异比较

Comparison of Phenotypic and Photosynthetic Differences between Saimisu 1 Jujube and Its Budding

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图/表 15

参考文献 24

相关文章 15

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Metrics

品种 Cultivar	净光合速率 Net photos ynthetic rate(Pn) (μmol / (m²·s) )	气孔导度 Stomatal conductance(Gs) (mol / (m²·s) )	大气 CO₂ 浓度 AtmosphericCO₂ concentration(Ca) (μmol/ (m²·s) )	胞间 CO₂ 浓度 Intercellular CO₂ concentration(Ci) (μmol/ (m²·s) )	蒸腾速率 Transpiration rate(Tr) (mmol/ (m²·s) )	水分利用率 Water use efficiency(WUE) (μmol/ mmol)
赛蜜酥 1 号 Saimisu 1	12.30±0.64^*	0.16±0.01^*	355.27±1.37^*	208.37±1.98^*	5.19±0.33^*	2.43±0.06^*
赛蜜酥 2 号 Saimisu 2	14.90±0.64^*	0.23±0.17^*	349.70±1.31^*	216.41±3.25^*	6.68±0.32^*	2.24±0.03^*

相关系数 Correlation parameter	净光合速率 Net photos ynthetic rate	蒸腾速率 Transpir ation rate	气孔导度 Stomatal conductance	胞间CO₂ Intercellular CO₂ concen tration	大气 CO₂ Atmospheric CO₂ concen tration	水分利用率 Water use efficiency	叶片长 Leaf length	叶片宽 Leaf width	单叶重 Leaf weight	叶片厚度 Leaf thic kness
净光合速率 Net photos ynthetic ratePn	1
蒸腾速率 Transpiration rateTr	0.973^**	1
气孔导度 Stomatal conduc tanceGs	0.854^*	0.946^**	1
胞间CO₂ Intercellular CO₂ concentrationCi	-0.003	0.200	0.507	1
大气CO₂ Atmospheric CO₂ concentrationCa	-0.948^**	-0.989^**	-0.972^**	-0.311	1
水分利用率 Water use efficiency WUE	0.447	0.333	0.050	-0.752	-0.197	1
叶片长 Leaf length	0.893^*	0.864^*	0.789	0.054	-0.862^*	0.346	1
叶片宽 Leaf width	0.523	0.673	0.872^*	0.848^*	-0.760	-0.437	0.527	1
单叶重 Leaf weight	0.539	0.699	0.893^*	0.838^*	-0.773	-0.365	0.539	0.992^**	1
叶片厚度 Leaf thickness	0.531	0.686	0.883^*	0.841^*	-0.766	-0.392	0.558	0.995^**	0.998^**	1

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