根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨光合、荧光特性及果实品质的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.011

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (2): 344-350.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.011

• 园艺特产·植物保护·微生物·土壤肥料·节水灌溉 • 上一篇下一篇

根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨光合、荧光特性及果实品质的影响

阿布来克·尼牙孜¹^,²(), 章世奎¹, 王绍鹏¹, 王亚铜¹, 樊国全¹()

1.新疆农业科学院轮台果树资源圃,新疆轮台 841600
2.新疆农业科学院吐鲁番农业科学研究所,新疆吐鲁番 838000

收稿日期:2022-04-30 出版日期:2023-02-20 发布日期:2023-03-31
通信作者: 樊国全(1980-),男,河南许昌人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为果树种质资源,(E-mail)350869382@qq.com
作者简介:阿布来克·尼牙孜(1984-),男,新疆吐鲁番人,高级农艺师,硕士,研究方向为果树种质资源与栽培,(E-mail)80114982@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境(人才、基地)建设专项—自然科学计划(新疆少数民族科技人才特殊培养计划科研项目)“根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨花芽分化及果实产量品质的影响研究”(2019D03010)

Effects of Root-restricted Cultivation on Photosynthesis, Fluorescence Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear

Abulaike Niyazi¹^,²(), ZHANG Shikui¹, WANG Shaopeng¹, WANG Yatong¹, FAN Guoquan¹()

1. Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Luntai Fruit Tree resource nursery,Luntai Xinjiang 841600,China
2. Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Turpan Xinjiang 838000,China

Received:2022-04-30 Published:2023-02-20 Online:2023-03-31
Correspondence author: FAN Guoquan (1980-), male, Associate Researcher, Research direction: Germplasm Resources of fruit trees, (E-mail) 350869382@qq.com
Supported by:
Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Innovation Environment (Talents, Bases) Construction Project - Natural Science Plan (Xinjiang Minority Science and Technology Talents Special Training Plan Scientific Research Project) "Effects of Root Domain Restriction Cultivation on Flower Bud Differentiation and Fruit Yield and Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear"(2019D03010)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究根域限制栽培模式对库尔勒香梨叶片光合和荧光特性及果实品质的影响,为塔里木盆地绿洲干旱盐碱区域库尔勒香梨的栽培提供理论依据和技术指导。【方法】 以8年生库尔勒香梨为试材,比较根域限制栽培模式与传统的根系互享栽培模式的叶片光合特性和果实品质差异,研究库尔勒香梨根域限制栽培模式的可行性。【结果】 2种栽培模式下,库尔勒香梨叶片的Pn日变化曲线均呈“双峰”型,存在明显的光合午休现象,根域限制栽培的库尔勒香梨叶片Pn日平均值高于传统根系互享栽培模式,Gs和Tr相对较低,不同模式间差异不显著。Ci日平均值显著低于、E_wu日平均值显著高于传统模式,对照组的Ci日均值高于限根植株,达203.93 μL/L,并且两实验组之间存在显著差异。不同栽培模式对库尔勒香梨水分利用率有较为显著的影响,限根植株的E_wu日均值达1.36 mmol/mol,两者之间存在显著差异。限根植株的Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fm、Φ_PSⅡ、C_NPQ均大于传统栽培模式。限根植株的果实品质与对照组单果重、果实硬度、可溶性固形物差异不显著,石细胞含量显著降低。【结论】 根域限制栽培模式可以提升库尔勒香梨叶片的捕光能力和净光合速率、提高水分利用率,显著降低果实石细胞含量,可以作为塔里木盆地绿洲干旱、盐碱区域库尔勒香梨栽植的新模式。

关键词: 库尔勒香梨; 根域限制栽培; 光合特性; 荧光特性; 果实品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 To clarify the effects of rhizosphere restricted cultivation mode on leaf photosynthetic and fluorescence characteristics and fruit quality of Korla pear, and provide technical support for the cultivation of Korla pear in arid and salt-alkali area of tarim Basin oasis. 【Methods】 In order to explore the feasibility of 8-year korla pear, leaf photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality were compared between root zone restricted cultivation mode and traditional root sharing cultivation mode. 【Results】 Under the two cultivation modes, the diurnal variation curve of Pn of Korla pear leaves showed a "double peak" pattern, and there was an obvious photosynthetic nap phenomenon. The daily average value of Pn of Korla pear leaves under the root domain limited cultivation mode was higher than that under the traditional root sharing cultivation mode, while the Gs and Tr were relatively low, and there was no significant difference between different cultivation modes. The Ci daily average was significantly lower than the traditional model, while the Ewu daily average was significantly higher than the traditional model. Fo, Fm, Fv/Fm, Fv/Fm, Φ_PSⅡ and C_NPQ of limited root were all higher than those of traditional cultivation. There were no significant differences in fruit quality, fruit hardness, soluble solids and stone cell content between root limiting plants and control group. 【Conclusion】 The root zone restricted cultivation mode could improve the light capture ability and net photosynthetic rate of korla pear leaves, improve water use efficiency, and significantly reduce the content of fruit stone cells. Comprehensive analysis could be used as a new cultivation mode of Korla pear in the arid and salt-alkali area of tarim Basin oasis.

Key words: Korla fragrant pear; root-limited cultivation; photosynthetic characteristics; fluorescence characteristics; fruit quality

中图分类号:

S661.2

阿布来克·尼牙孜, 章世奎, 王绍鹏, 王亚铜, 樊国全. 根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨光合、荧光特性及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 344-350.

Abulaike Niyazi, ZHANG Shikui, WANG Shaopeng, WANG Yatong, FAN Guoquan. Effects of Root-restricted Cultivation on Photosynthesis, Fluorescence Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(2): 344-350.

图/表 4

参考文献 28

[1]	张钊, 王野苹. 香梨品种种源问题的探讨[J]. 果树学报, 1993, (2): 113-115.
	ZHANG Zhao, WANG Yeping. Discussion on the provenance of Fragrant Pear Varieties[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 1993, (2): 113-115.
[2]	高启明, 李疆, 李阳. 库尔勒香梨研究进展[J]. 经济林研究, 2005, 21(2): 233-236.
	GAO Qiming, LI Jiang, LI Yang. Literature Review of Researches on ‘Kuerle Sweet Pear’[J]. Non-wood Forest Research, 2005, 21(2): 233-236.
[3]	王世平, 张才喜, 罗菊花, 等. 果树根域限制栽培研究进展[J]. 果树学报, 2002, 19(15): 298-301.
	WANG Shiping, ZHANG Caixi, LUO Juhua, et al. Research Progress on root zone restricted cultivation of fruit trees[J]. Journal of Fruit Science, 2002, 19(15): 298-301.
[4]	Imai S, Fujiwara T, Tanaka S, et al. Effect of soil moisture on vine growth and fruit production of 'Kyoho' grapes growing on restricted rooting volume[J]. Environ Control in Biol, 1991, 29:133-140. DOI URL
[5]	Okamoto G lmai S. Promotion of seeded berry set of 'Pione' grape by restricting root zon[J]. Rep Agri Okayama Univ, 1989, 74: 15-20.
[6]	Wang Shiping, Okamoto G, Hirano K. Effect of root restriction on vine nutrition of Kyoho grape from dormancy to anthesis[J]. J Japan Soc Hort Sci, 1997, 66 (suppl. l.): 86-87.
[7]	Wang Shiping, Okamoto G, Hirano K, et al. Effects of restricted rooting volume on vine growth and berry development of 'Kyoho' grapevines[J]. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 2001, 52(3): 248-253. DOI URL
[8]	Wang Shiping, Okamoto G, Hirano K, et al. Effects of rootingzone restriction on the change carbohydrates and nitrogenous compounds in Kyoho grapevines during veraison and harvest[J]. J Japan Soc Hort Sci, 2002, 71: 25-33.
[9]	Webster AD, Atkinson JC,. Vaughan JS. Controlling the shoot growth and cropping of sweet cherry trees using root pruning or root restriclion techniques[J]. Acta Hort, 1997, 451: 643-649.
[10]	Ogawa T, Matsumura H, Gotou K. Effects of rooting-zone restriction on 'Tomari' persimmon[J]. J Japan Soc Hort Sci, 1997, 66: 8-9.
[11]	Matsuura K, Hamata K, Aragi S. Effects of rooting-zone restriction on growth and fruit quality in fig[J]. J Japan Soc Hort Sci, 1992, 61: 170-171.
[12]	Costa MG, Vizzotto G, Maroe A. Root restriction and growth manipu lation in peach[J]. Acta Hort, 1992, 322: 221-230.
[13]	Boland A, Bland M, Mitchell PD, et al. Long-term effects of restricted root volume and regulated decifit irrigation on peach: I. growth and mineral nutrition[J]. J Amer Soc Hort Sci, 2000, 125: 135-142. DOI URL
[14]	Hommi Y, Sakakibara M, Kimura T. Capacity of root zone watering and fertilizer application for peach trees in container culture[J]. Research Bulletin of the Aichiken A culture Research Center, 1995, 27: 251-258.
[15]	Mark R, Marra F. Responses of young peach trees to root conferment[J]. J Amer Soc Hort Sci, 1994, 119: 223-228. DOI URL
[16]	Tanikuti T. Rooting-zone restriction for Satsuma Mandarin[J]. Agri and Hort, 1993, 68: 584-586.
[17]	Yoneda T, Oniwa G, Kuwahara M, et al. Effects of rooting-zone re striction on tree growth and quality of fruit in Satsuma Mandarin[J]. Research Bulletin of the Fuoka Agriculture Research Station, 1993, 12: 47-52.
[18]	周伟权, 杨文莉, 赵世荣, 等. 多效唑对库尔勒香梨新梢生长及果实品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业大学学报, 2016, 39(5): 360-365.
	ZHOU Weiquan, YANG Wenli, ZHAO Shirong, et al. Effects of different concentrations of paclobutrazol on the growth and development and fruit quality of korla fragrant pear[J]. Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2016, 39(5): 360-365.
[19]	马瑞娟, 张斌斌, 俞明亮, 等. 6个桃品种光合特性及叶绿素荧光特性比较[J]. 江苏农业学报, 2010, 26(6): 1334-1341.
	MA Ruijuan, ZHANG Binbin, YU Mingliang, et al. Comparison of photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of six Peach Cultivars[J]. Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 26(6): 1334-1341.
[20]	陈贤田, 柯世省. 茶树光合“午休”的原因分析[J]. 浙江林业科技, 2002, (3): 80-83.
	CHEN Xianping, KE Shisheng. Analysis on the reason of tea photosynthetic "lunch break"[J]. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry Science and Technology, 2002, (3): 80-83.
[21]	吴鑫泉, 王鸿, 张帆, 等. 戈壁日光温室限根栽培对油桃营养生长和光合特性的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2020, 40(1): 104-112.
	WU Xinquan, WANG Hong, ZHANG Fan, et al. Root Restriction Affects Growth and Photosynthetic Characteristics of Nectarine (Prunus persica var.nectarina Maxim) Grown in Gobi Greenhouse[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2020, 40(1): 104-112.
[22]	李鹏民, 高辉远, Reto J. Strasser. 快速叶绿素荧光诱导动力学分析在光合作用研究中的应用[J]. 植物生理与分子生物学学报, 2005, (6): 559-566.
	LI Pengmin, GAO Huiyuan, Reto J. Strasser. Application of the Fast Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Dynamics Analysis in Photosynthesis Study[J]. Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants, 2005, (6): 559-566.
[23]	王强, 张茂君, 闫兴凯, 等. 秋季不同时期秋子梨品种及野生类型叶绿素荧光特性研究[J]. 北方园艺, 2011, (17): 1-3.
	WANG Qiang, ZHANG Maojun, YAN Xingkai, et al. Study on chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Qiuzi pear varieties and wild types in different Autumn Periods[J]. Northern Horticulture, 2011, (17): 1-3.
[24]	孙猛, 吕德国, 刘威生. 不同品种群15个杏品种荧光特性研究初探[J]. 中国农学通报, 2011, 27(6): 171-176.
	SUN Meng, LYU Deguo, LIU Weisheng. Study on the fluorescence characteristics of 15 apricot varieties from different groups[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2011, 27(6): 171-176.
[25]	牛莹莹, 廖康, 赵世荣, 等. 不同栽植密度库尔勒香梨光合及叶绿素荧光特性比较[J]. 经济林研究, 2017, 35(1): 8-14.
	NIU Yingying, LIAO Kang, ZHAO Shirong, et al. Comparison of photosynthetic and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics of Korla Fragrant Pear with different planting densities[J]. Non-wood Forest Research, 2017, 35(1): 8-14.
[26]	潘瑞炽, 董愚得. 植物生理学[M]. 北京: 高等教育出版社, 2008.
	PAN Ruizhi, DONG Yude. Plant physiology[M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press, 2008.
[27]	张昭, 代志国, 董畅, 等. 限根栽培对蓝莓幼树树冠生长和果实品质的影响[J]. 中国南方果树, 2018, 47(3): 113-116,120.
	ZHANG Zhao, DAI Zhiguo, DONG Chang, et al. Effects of root restriction culture on crown growth and fruit quality of blueberry young trees[J]. South China Fruits, 2018, 47(3): 113-116,120.
[28]	方金豹, 顾红, 陈锦永, 等. 根域限制对幼年桃树生长发育的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2006, (4): 779-785.
	FANG Jinbao, GU Hong, CHEN Jingyong, et al. Effects of root domain restriction on the growth and development of young peach trees[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2006, (4): 779-785.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	1	0	0	59

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	39	21
比例	65%	35%

摘要

174

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	174

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	24	150
比例	14%	86%

处理 Treatment	净光合速率Pn (μmol/(m²·s))	气孔导度Gs (mol/(m²·s))	胞间CO₂ 浓度 Ci/(μL/L)	蒸腾速率Tr (mol/(m²·s))	水分利用E_wu (mmol/mol)
限根栽培 Platform root-limited culture	9.10±0.73^a	0.167±0.023^a	187.47±15.60^b	7.23±0.92^a	1.36±0.25^a
传统栽培 Traditional cultivation	8.19±0.64^a	0.170±0.013^a	203.93±8.41^a	8.14±0.70^a	1.07±0.14^b

处理 Treatment	净光合速率Pn (μmol/(m²·s))	气孔导度Gs (mol/(m²·s))	胞间CO₂ 浓度 Ci/(μL/L)	蒸腾速率Tr (mol/(m²·s))	水分利用E_wu (mmol/mol)
限根栽培 Platform root-limited culture	9.10±0.73^a	0.167±0.023^a	187.47±15.60^b	7.23±0.92^a	1.36±0.25^a
传统栽培 Traditional cultivation	8.19±0.64^a	0.170±0.013^a	203.93±8.41^a	8.14±0.70^a	1.07±0.14^b

处理 Treatment	限根栽培 Platform root-limited culture	传统栽培 Traditional cultivation
初始荧光Fo	46.32±5.83^a	46.99±5.89^a
最大荧光Fm	374.18±31.17^a	409.46±46.10^a
PSⅡ最大光能转化效率 Fv/Fm	0.85±0.48^a	0.88±0.19^a
PSⅡ潜在光化学活性 Fv/Fm	7.06±0.45^b	7.82±0.76^a
PSⅡ实际光化学效率 Φ_PSⅡ	0.68±0.07^b	0.75±0.05^a
光化学猝灭系 C_qp	0.87±0.05^a	0.92±0.04^a
非光化学猝灭系数 C_NPQ	0.78±0.18^a	0.67±0.19^b
表观光合电子传递效率R_ET	2.71±0.47^a	3.15±0.55^a

处理 Treatment	限根栽培 Platform root-limited culture	传统栽培 Traditional cultivation
初始荧光Fo	46.32±5.83^a	46.99±5.89^a
最大荧光Fm	374.18±31.17^a	409.46±46.10^a
PSⅡ最大光能转化效率 Fv/Fm	0.85±0.48^a	0.88±0.19^a
PSⅡ潜在光化学活性 Fv/Fm	7.06±0.45^b	7.82±0.76^a
PSⅡ实际光化学效率 Φ_PSⅡ	0.68±0.07^b	0.75±0.05^a
光化学猝灭系 C_qp	0.87±0.05^a	0.92±0.04^a
非光化学猝灭系数 C_NPQ	0.78±0.18^a	0.67±0.19^b
表观光合电子传递效率R_ET	2.71±0.47^a	3.15±0.55^a

处理 Treatment	限根栽培 Platform root-limited culture	传统栽培 Traditional cultivation
果实纵径 Fruit longitudinal diameter(mm)	76.2±6.9^a	83.3±12.1^a
果实横径 Fruit transverse diameter(mm)	60.3±3.5^a	64.0±4.1^a
果心横径 Core diameter(mm)	31.4±2.8^a	25.8±3.0^b
果形指数 Fruit shape index	1.26±0.09^b	1.31±0.22^a
心果比 Heart fruit ratio	0.52±0.04^a	0.40±0.03^b
果梗长 Fruit stalk length(mm)	40.7±7.0^a	32.5±5.8^a
果梗粗 Fruit peduncle thickness(mm)	5.8±1.5^b	8.4±3.3^a
阳面硬度 Surface hardness(kg/cm²)	6.8±1.0^a	7.0±1.1^a
阴面硬度 Shade hardness(kg/cm²)	6.8±0.8^a	7.1±1.2^a
单果重 Fruit weight(g)	144.7±20.7^a	153.4±32.6^a
可溶性固形物 Soluble solids(%)	13.74±0.72^a	13.15±0.57^a
总糖 Total sugar(g/kg)	5.82±0.69^b	5.99±0.16^a
可滴定酸 Titratable acid(g/kg)	2.22±0.69^a	1.69±0.34^b
维生素C Vitamin C(mg/100g)	9.30±1.10^b	9.50±0.53^a
石细胞 Sclerotic cell(%)	0.16±0.10^b	0.21±0.05^a

根域限制栽培对库尔勒香梨光合、荧光特性及果实品质的影响

Effects of Root-restricted Cultivation on Photosynthesis, Fluorescence Characteristics and Fruit Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 4

参考文献 28

相关文章 15

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

[1]	靳娟, 李丽莉, 杨磊, 樊丁宇, 郝庆. 新疆红枣产业发展现状分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 106-110.
[2]	李永泰, 高阿香, 李艳军, 张新宇. 脱叶剂对不同敏感性棉花品种生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2094-2102.
[3]	陈芳, 李字辉, 孙孝贵, 张庭军. 不同剂量的微生物菌剂对加工番茄产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2285-2289.
[4]	帕孜丽耶·艾合麦提, 王新勇, 周燕, 宋彬, 玉苏甫·阿不力提甫. 微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2299-2306.
[5]	李锁丞, 柳延涛, 董红业, 孙振博, 李紫薇, 张春媛, 王开勇, 李强, 杨明凤. 不同施钾量对滴灌花生光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(8): 1926-1936.
[6]	王庆朋, 闫成才, 王喆, 苟长青, 王兰, 冯宏祖, 郝海婷. 库尔勒香梨开花前后花药细菌多样性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(8): 1976-1982.
[7]	许进宗, 包建平. 不同滴灌灌水量对库尔勒香梨果实贮藏品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1696-1709.
[8]	张福林, 李宁, 刘宇翔, 陈怡佳, 余庆辉, 闫会转. 外源2,4-表油菜素内酯及褪黑素对樱桃番茄果实品质和果皮形态结构的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1738-1747.
[9]	史应武, 牛新湘, 杨红梅, 楚敏, 包慧芳, 王宁, 詹发强, 林青, 杨蓉, 龙宣杞, 娄恺. 4种药剂对梨火疫病防病效果及库尔勒香梨产量与品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1432-1440.
[10]	马翔宇, 班学, 唐丽, 苏宣乐, 刘振亚, 张王斌. 库尔勒香梨树生长期园艺修剪技术对梨火疫病的控害作用[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(6): 1441-1446.
[11]	施俊杰, 侯献飞, 于月华, 李强, 苗昊翠, 贾东海, 顾元国, 汪天玲. 不同覆盖模式与补充灌溉对花生光合特性及干物质积累速率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1122-1130.
[12]	户金鸽, 白世践, 陈光, 蔡军社. 不同地面覆盖方式对酿酒葡萄品种马瑟兰果实品质的影响及综合评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1131-1139.
[13]	张艺加, 程平, 王磊, 武胜利. 不同灌溉量对矮化密植苹果树生理特性和苹果产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(5): 1140-1150.
[14]	吴刚, 田阳青, 赵强, 李欣欣, 穆妮热·阿卜杜艾尼, 张家豪, 王文庆, 占东霞, 马春梅. 缩节胺复配不同促进剂对棉花棉铃时空分布和光合特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(2): 279-287.
[15]	毛廷勇, 刘婵, 杨北方, 李亚兵, 周均, 王栋, 陈国栋, 万素梅. 滴灌棉花源库器官对化学打顶的响应特征[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(2): 288-299.