微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.026

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2299-2306.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.026

• 植物保护·微生物·畜牧兽医·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性的影响

帕孜丽耶·艾合麦提¹(), 王新勇², 周燕³, 宋彬⁴, 玉苏甫·阿不力提甫¹()

1.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆益果生物科技有限责任公司,新疆温宿 843100
4.新疆温宿国家农业科技园区管委会,新疆温宿 843100

收稿日期:2024-02-13 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-10-09
通信作者: 玉苏甫·阿不力提甫(1969-),男,新疆人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为果树栽培与种质资源,(E-mail)yusufxj@163.com
作者简介:帕孜丽耶·艾合麦提(1997-),女,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为果树栽培与生理,(E-mail)1779575836@qq.com
基金资助:
新农大-沙雅县林果业发展战略合作项目(2520HXKT1)

Effects of microbial inoculants on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut leaves

Paziliye Ahemati¹(), WANG Xinyong², ZHOU Yan³, SONG Bin⁴, Yusuf Abulitifu¹()

1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052,China
2. Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
3. Xinjiang Yiguo Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Wensu Xinjiang 843100,China
4. Xinjiang National Agricultural Science and Technology Park Management Committee in Wensu, Wensu Xinjiang 843100,China

Received:2024-02-13 Published:2024-09-20 Online:2024-10-09
Supported by:
New Agricultural University-Shaya County Forestry and Fruit Industry Development Strategic Cooperation Project(2520HXKT1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性影响,为微生物菌剂在新疆阿克苏地区核桃上应用提供科学依据。【方法】以14年生疏散分层形温185核桃为材料,共设置6个处理,分别为枯草芽孢杆菌30 g/株(T₁)、哈茨木霉菌30 g/株(T₂)、枯草芽孢杆菌40 g/株(T₃)、哈茨木霉菌40 g/株(T₄)、枯草芽孢杆菌20 g/株+哈茨木霉菌20 g/株(T₅)和清水对照(CK)。测定核桃叶片叶面积、叶长、叶宽、鲜重、干重、叶绿素(SPAD)、光合特征等指标,分析不同用量及种类的微生物菌剂对核桃叶片的影响。【结果】在T₅处理下核桃叶片生长指标表现最优,T₅处理下叶片养分含量氮、磷、钾出现最大值,较对照高出65.68%,61.14%和57.47%;该处理下叶片叶绿素含量与CK呈显著差异,较对照高29.38%,且提高了叶片净光合速率、气孔导度、蒸腾速率,较对照分别高22.57%、21.16%和65.58%。【结论】沟施枯草芽孢杆菌和哈茨木霉菌各20 g处理促进核桃叶片生长及养分含量和提高光合性能的效果最佳。

关键词: 核桃; 微生物菌剂; 叶片; 光合特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To explore the effects of microbial microbial agents on the physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut leaves,and to provide scientific basis for the application of microbial microbial agents on walnut in Aksu area. 【Methods】 A total of 6 experimental treatments were set up with 14-year old walnut "Wen185" as the test material,which were 30 g/ strain of Bacillus subtilis (T₁), 30 g/ strain of Trichoderma hartzii (T₂), 40 g/ strain of Bacillus subtilis (T₃), 40 g/ strain of Trichoderma hartzii (T₄), and 30 g/ strain of Trichoderma Hartzii. Bacillus subtilis 20 g/ strain + Trichoderma harziensis 20 g/ strain (T₅), water control (CK). Then, leaf area, leaf length, leaf width, fresh weight and dry weight were measured. After thatn, chlorophyll (SPAD), photosynthetic characteristics and other indicators were determined and the effects of different amounts of microbial inoculants on walnut leaves were analyzed. 【Results】 Under T5 treatment, the area, length, fresh weight and dry weight of walnut leaves were significantly higher than those of control, which were 31.75%,11.55%,90.83% and 166.66% higher, respectively. Leaf nutrient contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium showed the maximum value, which was 65.68%,61.14% and 57.47% higher than that of the control. Chlorophyll content and photosynthetic characteristics index parameters were also increased under this treatment. 【Conclusion】 Trench application of 20 g on each of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harziana promote the growth,nutrient content and photosynthetic performance of walnut leaves. In this experiment, the combination of Bacillus subtilis 20 g and Trichoderma harziana 20 g has the best effect.

Key words: walnut; microbial agent; blades; photosynthetic characteristics

中图分类号:

S664.1
S14

帕孜丽耶·艾合麦提, 王新勇, 周燕, 宋彬, 玉苏甫·阿不力提甫. 微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2299-2306.

Paziliye Ahemati, WANG Xinyong, ZHOU Yan, SONG Bin, Yusuf Abulitifu. Effects of microbial inoculants on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut leaves[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2299-2306.

图/表 11

表1 试验各处理枯草芽孢杆菌和哈茨木霉菌用量

Tab.1 The amount of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum used for each treatment in the test

处理编号 Processing number	枯草芽孢杆菌与哈茨木霉菌质量比 Mass ratio of Bacillus subtilis to Trichoderma harzianum	菌肥用量(g/株) Bacterial fertilizer dosage (g/ strain)
T₁	1∶0	枯草芽孢杆菌30
T₂	0∶1	哈茨木霉菌30
T₃	1∶0	枯草芽孢杆菌40
T₄	0∶1	哈茨木霉菌40
T₅	1∶1	枯草芽孢杆菌20 +哈茨木霉菌20
CK	-	清水对照

表2 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片性状的变化

Tab.2 Changes of microbial inoculants on leaf traits of walnut

处理 Treatments	叶面积 Leaf area (cm²)	叶长 Leaf length (cm)	叶宽 Blade width (cm)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)
CK	86.66±0.82^d	16.52±0.51^ab	7.84±0.35^b	1.20±0.03^c	0.24±0.04^d
T₁	98.38±4.32^bc	17.46±0.55^ab	8.02±0.21^b	1.45±0.10^bc	0.33±0.03^cd
T₂	92.63±4.01^cd	16.27±0.43^b	8.18±0.35^b	1.41±0.20^bc	0.44±0.06^bc
T₃	105.6±2.92^ab	16.18±0.65^b	9.42±0.54^a	1.93±0.29^ab	0.56±0.05^ab
T₄	99.28±3.76^bc	16.62±0.54^ab	8.48±0.24^ab	1.71±0.15^bc	0.39±0.05^cd
T₅	114.18±2.29^a	18.05±0.58^a	8.86±0.30^ab	2.29±0.16^a	0.64±0.08^a

表3 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片氮磷钾含量的变化

Tab.3 Changes of microbial fertilizer on nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium content of walnut leaves

处理 Treatments	全氮 Total nitrogen (g/kg)	全磷 Phosphorus (g/kg)	全钾 Total potassium (g/kg)
CK	12.53±0.15^c	1.57±0.12^c	10.44±0.06^d
T₁	16.47±0.23^b	1.83±0.03^b	12.23±0.23^c
T₂	17.27±0.27^b	1.73±0.03^b	12.59±0.24^c
T₃	17.50±0.23^b	2.12±0.03^ab	15.21±0.03^ab
T₄	19.77±2.14^a	2.11±0.06^ab	14.63±0.10^b
T₅	20.76±0.15^a	2.53±0.03^a	16.44±0.06^a

图1 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片叶绿素含量的变化

Fig.1 Changes of microbial agent on chlorophyll content of walnut leaves

图2 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片净光合速率的变化

Fig.2 Changes of microbial agent on net photosynthetic rate of walnut leaves

图3 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片气孔导度的变化

Fig.3 Changes of microbial agent on stomatal conductance of walnut leaves

图4 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片胞间CO2浓度的变化

Fig.4 Changes of microbial agent on intercellular CO2 concentration in walnut leaves

图5 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片蒸腾速率的变化

Fig.5 Changes of microbial agent on transpiration rate of walnut leaves

图6 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片水分利用率的变化

Fig.6 Changes of microbial agent on water availability of walnut leaves

图7 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片气孔限制值的变化

Fig.7 Changes of microbial agent on stomatal limit of walnut leaves

图8 施用微生物菌剂下核桃叶片饱和水汽压亏缺的变化

Fig.8 Changes of microbial agent on saturated water vapor pressure deficit in walnut leaves

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微生物菌剂对核桃叶片生理及光合特性的影响

Effects of microbial inoculants on physiological and photosynthetic characteristics of walnut leaves

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