32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.027

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (9): 2307-2314.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.09.027

• 植物保护·微生物·畜牧兽医·土壤肥料 • 上一篇下一篇

32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现

陈勇¹(), 周蕾², 隋春²(), 蔺彩霞³()

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
2.中国医学科学院&北京协和医学院药用植物研究所/中草药物质基础与资源利用教育部重点实验室/濒危药材繁育国家工程实验室,北京 100193
3.新疆维吾尔自治区农业技术推广总站,乌鲁木齐 830011

收稿日期:2024-02-01 出版日期:2024-09-20 发布日期:2024-10-09
通信作者: 蔺彩霞(1981- ),女,新疆乌鲁木齐人,正高级农艺师,研究方向为农业技术推广应用,(E-mail)xjnyt@qq.com;
隋春(1976- ),女,吉林敦化人,研究员,博士,研究方向为药用植物栽培育种,(E-mail)791537534@qq.com
作者简介:陈勇(1977- ),男,安徽六安人,硕士研究生,副研究员,研究方向为药用植物品种选育及栽培,(E-mail)chenyong@xaas.ac.cn
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区科技厅科技支疆项目”新疆道地中药材生态栽培技术集成与示范”(2021E02012);自治区科技厅中央引导地方科技发展专项资金项目”新疆特色经济作物种质资源创制与新品种选育”(ZYYD2022C04)

The characteristics of 32 cultivated germplasms of Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus in Xinjiang production area

CHEN Yong¹(), ZHOU Lei², SUI Chun²(), LIN Caixia³()

1. Intitute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Urumqi 830091, China
2. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development (IMPLAD), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College (Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Breeding of Endangered Medicinal Materials), Beijing 100193, China
3. Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi 830011,China

Received:2024-02-01 Published:2024-09-20 Online:2024-10-09
Supported by:
S & T Assisting Xinjiang Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Integration and Demonstration of Ecological Cultivation Technology of Xinjiang Authentic Chinese Medicinal Materials "(2021E02012);Special Project for the Development of Local Science and Technology Guided by the Central Government "Xinjiang Characteristic Cash Crop Germplasm Resources Creation and New Variety Breeding"(ZYYD2022C04)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究不同板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现,筛选出适宜当地种植的板蓝根优良种质。【方法】收集全国板蓝根产区的32份板蓝根栽培种质,在新疆昌吉回族自治州玛纳斯县种植。以农艺性状和品质性状为指标,分析板蓝根种质在新疆的性状表现。【结果】多数板蓝根栽培种质角果呈浅褐色、倒披针形,长/宽比2.2~5.0,厚度1~3 mm,千粒重6~20 g;叶形多以椭圆型为主,叶缘形多以中、弱的强度为主,叶缘缺刻程度以浅、中为主,花青甙显色情况以4种程度(无、弱、中和强)分布较为均匀,叶长15~25 cm;根长35~45 cm;根粗1.5~2.5 cm。侧根数在4~6个;单根重大多集中在100~150 g,以XJ-1和XJ-2种质表现较佳。各种质间(R, S)-告依春含量存在显著差异,XJ-1和HN-1种质表现优异,侧根数与根长呈极显著负相关关系,与根粗之间呈极显著正相关关系。根重与根粗、侧根数之间呈极显著正相关关系。根粗与根长呈显著负相关关系。【结论】各板蓝根种质在新疆产区性状表现存在差异,HLJ-1在根长、叶长等农艺性状方面表现优异,XJ-1在根重和有效成分含量方面表现出相对优势。

关键词: 板蓝根; 种质评价; 农艺性状; (R, S)-告依春

Abstract:

【Objective】 The characters of different germplasm of Isatis indigotica in Xinjiang were studied,the excellent germplasm suitable for local planting was screened out. 【Methods】 32 cultivated germplasm of Isatis indigotica were collected from the whole production area of Isatis indigotica.Grown in manas county,Changii Hui Autonomous Prefecturd Province.The agronomic traits and quality traits were taken as indexes.To analyze the characters of Isatis indigotica germplasm in Xinjiang. 【Results】 The results showed that most of the germplasms had light brown, oblanceolate fruits with length/width ranging from 2.2 to 5.0, thickness ranging from 1 to 3, and thousand-grain weight ranging from 6 to 20 g. The leaf shape was mostly elliptic, the leaf margin shape was mostly medium and weak in strength, the degree of leaf margin notch was mainly light and medium, the anthocyanic colouring was evenly distributed in four degrees (none, weak, medium and strong), and the leaf length was mostly concentrated in 15-25 cm. Root length was concentrated at 35-45 cm, root width at 1.5-2.5 cm, and number of lateral roots at 4-6. The single root weight was concentrated at 100-150 g, with XJ-1 and XJ-2 being the outstanding germplasms. There were significant differences in (R, S)-goitrin content among the germplasms, with XJ-1 and HN-1 germplasms being the excellent performers. There was a highly significant negative correlation between the number of lateral roots and root length, and a highly significant positive correlation with root width. There was a highly significant positive correlation between root weight and root width and number of lateral roots. Root width was negatively correlated with root length. 【Conclusion】 There are differences in the performance of traits among the various germplasm in Xinjiang, with HLJ-1 showing excellent performance in agronomic traits such as root length and leaf length, and XJ-1 showing relative advantages in both root weight and active ingredient content.

Key words: Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus; germplasm evaluation; agronomic traits; (R, S)-goitrin

陈勇, 周蕾, 隋春, 蔺彩霞. 32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2307-2314.

CHEN Yong, ZHOU Lei, SUI Chun, LIN Caixia. The characteristics of 32 cultivated germplasms of Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus in Xinjiang production area[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2307-2314.

图/表 7

表1 不同板蓝根种质角果性状数据

Tab.1 Data on hornbeam traits of different germplasms

编号 No.	长 Length (mm)	宽 Width (mm)	厚 Thickness (mm)	千粒重 1000 grain weight(g)	编号 No.	长 Length (mm)	宽 Width (mm)	厚 Thickness (mm)	千粒重 1000 grain weight(g)
HB-1	17.03	3.45	2.58	9.76	GS-2	16.21	7.2	3.09	23.24
HB-2	20.58	4.48	1.58	10.7	GS-3	21.38	6.51	2.26	18.41
HB-3	13.44	6.08	1.68	1.05	GS-4	22.78	7.78	2.36	8.55
SX-1	24.31	6.18	2.06	17.59	GS-5	22.55	6.34	2.15	18.04
SX-2	21.36	6.36	2.38	8.17	GS-6	20.61	4.31	2.52	11.39
SX-3	17.26	4.04	1.58	19.15	GS-7	21.09	6.78	2.38	16.35
SX-4	16.98	3.64	1.58	11.46	GS-8	19.22	5.08	5.2	2.26
SD-1	17.26	5.2	2.06	10.41	XJ-1	19.3	6.29	2.35	24.81
SD-2	18.36	5.04	2.26	10.65	XJ-2	17.38	4.31	2.4	8.17
SD-3	20	4	1.38	11.23	XJ-3	19.02	5.06	1.58	8.03
SD-4	21.18	6.7	1.78	10.71	XJ-4	15	4.32	1.78	18.35
HN-1	21.61	6.38	2.21	18.44	NX-1	23.54	5	2.08	6.76
HN-2	17.71	4.09	1.79	9.22	SAX-1	18.35	4.35	2.5	8.44
HN-3	17.26	4.01	1.35	8.36	JL-1	20.5	6.9	2.3	1.81
HN-4	17.78	4.4	1.09	8.4	HLJ-1	19.76	4.52	2.06	17.62
GS-1	21.58	7.48	3.14	24.36	BJ-1	18.1	4.4	1.38	9.62

图1 不同种质角果及叶片部分性状统计

Fig.1 Statistical graph of some traits of hornbeam and leaf in different germplasms

图2 不同种质叶片及根部分性状统计

Fig.2 Statistical graph of some traits of leaf and root in different germplasms

图3 32份不同种质的板蓝根 (R, S) -告依春含量数据

Fig.3 (R, S)-goitrin content of 32 different germplasms

图4 各指标(叶长、根长、根粗、侧根数、根重和(R, S)-告依春含量)间相关性散点趋势

Fig.4 Scattered trend plot of correlation among indicators (leaf length, root length, root width, number of lateral roots, root weight and (R, S)-goitrin content)

图5 优选资源XJ-1特点注:XJ001特点,株型直立;芦头直径2.5 cm左右,根长40 cm左右,侧根2~3个;叶半直立,叶型为椭圆形,叶缘光滑无缺刻;花为黄色;种子为棕褐色,长椭圆形

Fig.5 Preferred resource XJ-1 features Note:The Character of XJ001: The plant has an upright shape, with rhizome diameter of about 2.5 cm and a root length of about 40 cm. There are 2-3 lateral roots, and the leaves are semi upright. The leaf shape is elliptical, with smooth and uncut leaf edges. The flowers are yellow, and the seeds are brown in color and long elliptical in shape.

表2 各指标(叶长、根长、根宽度、侧根数、根重和(R, S)-告依春含量)间相关性

Tab.2 Correlation analysis among indicators (leaf length, root length, root width, number of lateral roots, root weight, and (R, S)-goitrin content)

因素 Factor	叶长 Leaf length	根长 Root length	根粗 Root diameter	侧根数 Branch root number	根重 Root weight	(R, S)-告依春含量 (R, S) -goitrin content
叶长Leaf length	1	0.207	-0.056	-0.094	0.219	0.032
根长Root length		1	-0.391^*	-0.48 ${1^{}}^{}$	-0.22	0.149
根粗Root diameter			1	0.57 ${3^{}}^{}$	0.74 ${9^{}}^{}$	-0.019
侧根Branch root number				1	0.64 ${5^{}}^{}$	-0.055
根重Root weight					1	0.030
(R, S)-告依春含量 (R, S) -goitrin content						1

表2 各指标(叶长、根长、根宽度、侧根数、根重和(R, S)-告依春含量)间相关性

Tab.2 Correlation analysis among indicators (leaf length, root length, root width, number of lateral roots, root weight, and (R, S)-goitrin content)

因素 Factor	叶长 Leaf length	根长 Root length	根粗 Root diameter	侧根数 Branch root number	根重 Root weight	(R, S)-告依春含量 (R, S) -goitrin content
叶长Leaf length	1	0.207	-0.056	-0.094	0.219	0.032
根长Root length		1	-0.391^*	-0.48 ${1^{}}^{}$	-0.22	0.149
根粗Root diameter			1	0.57 ${3^{}}^{}$	0.74 ${9^{}}^{}$	-0.019
侧根Branch root number				1	0.64 ${5^{}}^{}$	-0.055
根重Root weight					1	0.030
(R, S)-告依春含量 (R, S) -goitrin content						1

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32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现

The characteristics of 32 cultivated germplasms of Isatis tinctoria Linnaeus in Xinjiang production area

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