苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫迷向丝在核桃园中的使用模式

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.023

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (7): 1757-1765.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.07.023

苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫迷向丝在核桃园中的使用模式

亚森·吐尔迪¹(), 马天宇¹, 图尔迪麦麦提·努尔麦麦提², 阿地力·沙塔尔¹()

1.新疆农业大学林学与风景园林学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.新疆和田地区和田县林业和草原局,新疆和田 848000

收稿日期:2023-12-13 出版日期:2024-07-20 发布日期:2024-09-04
通信作者: 阿地力·沙塔尔(1968-),男,新疆莎车人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为林业有害生物监测与防控,(E-mail)adl1968@126.com
作者简介:亚森·吐尔迪(1996-),男,新疆拜城人,硕士研究生,研究方向为森林保护,(E-mail)2915251252@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目“核桃/红枣重大病虫害监测及防控关键技术研发与示范”(2021B02004)

Study on the using pattern of Cydia pomonella L. and Grapholitha molesta Busck Sex Pheromone in walnut orchard

Yasen Tuerdi¹(), MA Tianyu¹, Tuerdimaimaiti Nuermaimaiti², Adili Shataer¹()

1. College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Forestry and Grassland Bureau of Hotan County, Hotan Prefecture, Hotan Xinjiang, 848000, China

Received:2023-12-13 Published:2024-07-20 Online:2024-09-04
Supported by:
Key R & D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region “Development and Demonstration Of Key Technologies for Monitoring and Prevention and Control of Major Pests and Diseases in Walnut/Jujube”(2021B02004)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】筛选核桃园中苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫最佳防治与迷向丝放置密度与高度。【方法】于2021~2022连续两年在核桃园设置不同悬挂密度(300、450、600根/hm²)和高度(6~8 m、8 m、6 m)的迷向丝,通过田间迷向干扰试验,测定不同悬挂密度和高度的迷向丝对苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫的防治效果。【结果】与对照相比,设置密度为300、450、600根/hm²的苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝和苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝的迷向率和蛀果率之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),高密度处理的迷向丝迷向效果最好,且相同密度处理的各处理苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝与苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝迷向率和蛀果率之间无显著差异;与对照相比,迷向丝悬挂高度为6~8 m(双层)、8 m、6 m的迷向率和蛀果率之间存在显著差异(P<0.05),悬挂高度为8 m的迷向丝对苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫的迷向效果最佳,迷向率分别达到了96.41%、99.71%,防效达到了90.70%。【结论】核桃园苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝最佳设置密度为450根/hm²,最佳悬挂高度为8 m为宜,大面积连片使用1年以上。

关键词: 苹果蠹蛾; 梨小食心虫; 核桃; 蛀果率; 迷向率

Abstract:

【Objective】To explore the mode of scientific use of sex pheromone for Cydia pomonella L. and Grapholitha molesta Busck control in walnut orchard. 【Methods】In this study, different suspension densities (300, 450, 600 roots/hm²) and heights (6-8 m, 8 m, 6 m) of the sex pheromone were set in walnut orchards for two consecutive years from 2021 to 2022, and the effects of different suspension densities and heights of the sex pheromone on the control of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck were determined through field bewildering interference tests.【Results】Compared with the control, there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the disorientation rate and fruit infestation rate of mixed sex pheromone of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck, sex pheromone of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck with the density of 300, 450, 600 roots/hm². The tropism effect of high density treatment was the best, and there was no significant difference between the disorientation rate and fruit infestation rate of mixed sex pheromone of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck, sex pheromone of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck with the same density treatment. Compared with the control, there was a significant difference (P<0.05) between the rate of disorientation and the rate of fruit decay when the suspension height of the disorientation wire was 6-8 m (double layer), 8 m and 6 m. The disorientation effect of the disorientation wire with a suspension height of 8 m on the codling moth and the oriental fruit moth was the best, the disorientation rate reached 96.41% and 99.71%, respectively, and the control effect reached 90.70%.【Conclusion】Considering the economic cost and control effect in production, it is suggested that the optimal setting density of mixed sex pheromone of C. pomonella L. and G. molesta Busck in walnut orchard is 450 roots/hm², the optimal suspension height is 8 m, and it is recommended to use it in a large area for more than 1 year.

Key words: Cydia pomonella L.; Grapholitha molesta Busck; Juglans regia; rate of infested fruits; rates of mating disruption

中图分类号:

S436.6

亚森·吐尔迪, 马天宇, 图尔迪麦麦提·努尔麦麦提, 阿地力·沙塔尔. 苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫迷向丝在核桃园中的使用模式[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(7): 1757-1765.

Yasen Tuerdi, MA Tianyu, Tuerdimaimaiti Nuermaimaiti, Adili Shataer. Study on the using pattern of Cydia pomonella L. and Grapholitha molesta Busck Sex Pheromone in walnut orchard[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(7): 1757-1765.

图/表 6

参考文献 29

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迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	苹果蠹蛾 Cydia pomonella L.		梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta Busck
迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)
4月11日~ 6月24日 April 11-June 24	苹果蠹蛾/ 梨小食心虫混合迷向丝	300(处理1)	18.50±0.56^b	87.67	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		450(处理2)	9.17±0.31^c	93.88	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
		600(处理3)	4.83±0.31^cd	96.78	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝	300(处理1)	18.0±0.48^b	88.00	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		450(处理2)	8.33±0.42^c	94.44	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		600(处理3)	3.50±0.72^d	97.67	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	CK		150.00±3.97^a		10.83±1.22^a
6月27日~ 8月29日 June 27-August 29	苹果蠹蛾/ 梨小食心虫混合迷向丝	300(处理1)	8.33±0.56^b	85.34	2.50±0.56^b	98.91
		450(处理2)	4.17±0.65^c	92.66	1.33±0.42^b	99.42
		600(处理3)	2.00±0.37^c	96.48	0.50±0.22^b	99.78
	苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝	300(处理1)	8.17±0.48^b	85.62	3.17±0.79^b	98.61
		450(处理2)	3.33±0.42^c	94.14	2.17±0.87^b	99.05
		600(处理3)	1.50±0.22^c	97.36	1.00±0.48^b	99.56
	CK		56.83±3.45^a		229.00±10.37^a

迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	苹果蠹蛾 Cydia pomonella L.		梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta Busck
迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)
4月11日~ 6月24日 April 11-June 24	苹果蠹蛾/ 梨小食心虫混合迷向丝	300(处理1)	18.50±0.56^b	87.67	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		450(处理2)	9.17±0.31^c	93.88	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
		600(处理3)	4.83±0.31^cd	96.78	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝	300(处理1)	18.0±0.48^b	88.00	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		450(处理2)	8.33±0.42^c	94.44	0.17±0.17^b	98.43
		600(处理3)	3.50±0.72^d	97.67	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	CK		150.00±3.97^a		10.83±1.22^a
6月27日~ 8月29日 June 27-August 29	苹果蠹蛾/ 梨小食心虫混合迷向丝	300(处理1)	8.33±0.56^b	85.34	2.50±0.56^b	98.91
		450(处理2)	4.17±0.65^c	92.66	1.33±0.42^b	99.42
		600(处理3)	2.00±0.37^c	96.48	0.50±0.22^b	99.78
	苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝	300(处理1)	8.17±0.48^b	85.62	3.17±0.79^b	98.61
		450(处理2)	3.33±0.42^c	94.14	2.17±0.87^b	99.05
		600(处理3)	1.50±0.22^c	97.36	1.00±0.48^b	99.56
	CK		56.83±3.45^a		229.00±10.37^a

迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	调查果数 Research fruit numbers (颗)	蛀果率 Rate of Infested fruits (%)	防治效果 Control effect (%)
苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝 Mixed Sex Pheromone of Cydia pomonella L.and Grapholitha molesta Busck	300(处理1)	500	3.20±0.37^b	73.33
	450(处理2)	500	1.80±0.20^c	85.00
	600(处理3)	500	0.80±0.37^c	93.33
苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝 Sex Pheromone of Cydia pomonella L.and Grapholitha molesta Busck	300(处理1)	500	3.00±0.32^b	75.00
	450(处理2)	500	1.60±0.25^c	86.67
	600(处理3)	500	0.60±0.25^c	95.00
CK		500	12.00±1.58^a

迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	悬挂密度 Suspension density (根/hm²)	调查果数 Research fruit numbers (颗)	蛀果率 Rate of Infested fruits (%)	防治效果 Control effect (%)
苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝 Mixed Sex Pheromone of Cydia pomonella L.and Grapholitha molesta Busck	300(处理1)	500	3.20±0.37^b	73.33
	450(处理2)	500	1.80±0.20^c	85.00
	600(处理3)	500	0.80±0.37^c	93.33
苹果蠹蛾、梨小食心虫迷向丝 Sex Pheromone of Cydia pomonella L.and Grapholitha molesta Busck	300(处理1)	500	3.00±0.32^b	75.00
	450(处理2)	500	1.60±0.25^c	86.67
	600(处理3)	500	0.60±0.25^c	95.00
CK		500	12.00±1.58^a

迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝悬挂高度 Hanging height of sex pheromone(m)	苹果蠹蛾 Cydia pomonella L.		梨小食心虫 Grapholitha molesta Busck
迷向丝悬挂时间 Suspension time of sex pheromone	迷向丝悬挂高度 Hanging height of sex pheromone(m)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch (head)	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)	平均诱捕量 (头/诱捕器) Average catch (head)	迷向率 Rates of mating disruption(%)
4月10日~6月21日 April 10-June 21	6(处理1)	8.75±0.59^b	90.17	0.25±0.25^b	99.70
	8(处理2)	3.88±0.44^c	95.64	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	6和8(双层)(处理3)	2.63±0.50^c	97.04	0.00±0.00^b	100.00
	CK	89.00±3.16^a		85.13±12.45^a
6月21日~8月29日 June 21-August 29	6(处理1)	6.50±0.42^b	90.20	1.63±0.32^b	99.47
	8(处理2)	2.38±0.26^c	96.41	0.88±0.40^b	99.71
	6和8(双层)(处理3)	1.50±0.42^c	97.74	0.38±0.18^b	99.88
	CK	66.38±2.73^a		307.88±12.85^a

苹果蠹蛾和梨小食心虫迷向丝在核桃园中的使用模式

Study on the using pattern of Cydia pomonella L. and Grapholitha molesta Busck Sex Pheromone in walnut orchard

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Metrics

迷向丝类型 Type of sex pheromone	迷向丝悬挂高度 Hanging height of sex pheromone(m)	调查果数 Research fruit numbers (颗)	蛀果率 Rate of infested fruits(%)	防治效果 Control effect(%)
苹果蠹蛾/梨小食心虫混合迷向丝 Mixed Sex Pheromone of Cydia pomonella L. and Grapholitha molesta Busck	6	500	2.00±0.32^b	77.27
	8	500	0.80±0.37^c	90.70
	6~8(双层)	500	0.60±0.25^c	93.02
CK		500	8.60±0.51^a

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