Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Adhibition on Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics of Jujube

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.10.020

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this research is to investigate the effects of different nitrogen and phosphorus on the photosynthetic fluorescence of Jujube in the hope of providing theoretical guidance for industrial fertilization management of jujube.【Methods】 In this study, seven consecutive 4-year jujube from the 13th Regiment of Alar City was taken as the research object in 2020.A two-factor completely random block experiment design was adopted to set up 10 fertilization treatments to analyze the difference of the influence of different fertilizer treatments on photosynthetic fluorescence.【Results】 Compared with the control N₀P₀ (No nitrogen and phosphate were applied) treatment, Fm, Fo, Qp, Fv/Fm, Y(II), photosynthetic rate and water utilization ratio of jujube leaves were increased and intercellular CO₂ concentration and evaporation rate were also significantly decreased under each fertilizer treatment.N₁P₃ (202.5 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) and N₂P₃ (405 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) treatments were more beneficial to the improvement of net photosynthetic rate and water utilization ratio of jujube leaves.N₁P₃ (202.5 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide), N₂P₂ (405 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) and N₂P₃ (405 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) treatments could effectively reduce the transpiration rate of jujube leaves.N₁P₂ (202.5 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) and N₂P₂ (405 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 375 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) treatments showed better performance in reducing intercellular CO₂ concentration.【Conclusion】 Based on the different effects on photosynthetic fluorescence, the combination of N₂P₃ (405 kg/hm² for pure nitrogen and 540 kg/hm² for phosphorus pentoxide) nitrogen and phosphorus was more beneficial to improve the photosynthetic rate of jujube leaves.

Key words: grey jujube; photosynthetic characteristics; chlorophyll fluorescence

摘要：

【目的】研究不同氮磷配施对灰枣光合荧光特性的影响,为红枣产业施肥管理提供相关理论指导。【方法】以2020年阿拉尔市十三团七连4年生灰枣为研究对象,采用两因素完全随机区组试验设计,设置10个施肥处理,分析不同肥料处理对光合荧光的影响差异。【结果】与对照N₀P₀(不施氮磷肥)处理相比,各肥料处理下灰枣叶片Fm、Fo、qP、Fv/Fm、Y(II)、光合速率和水分利用率均有所增加,最高增加了50%,且胞间CO₂浓度和蒸发速率也明显降低;N₁P₃(N施用202.5 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用540 kg/hm²)与N₂P₃(N施用405 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用540 kg/hm²)处理更有利于红枣叶片净光合速率和水分利用率的提高;N₁P₃(N施用202.5 kg/hm², P₂O₂施用540 kg/hm²)、N₂P₂(N施用405 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用375 kg/hm²)与N₂P₃(N施用405 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用540 kg/hm²)处理能够有效降低灰枣叶片的蒸腾速率;N₁P₂(N施用202.5 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用375 kg/hm²)和N₂P₂(N施用405 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用375 kg/hm²)处理在降低胞间CO₂浓度方面表现较优。【结论】N₂P₃(N施用405 kg/hm²,P₂O₂施用540 kg/hm²)处理组合下有利于提高红枣叶片光合速率。

关键词: 灰枣, 光合特性, 叶绿素荧光

CLC Number:

S665.1

AN Shijie, ZHI Jinhu, ZHENG Qiangqing, WANG Wenjun, SONG Sansan, ZHANG Di. Effects of Different Nitrogen and Phosphorus Adhibition on Photosynthetic Fluorescence Characteristics of Jujube[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2514-2523.

安世杰, 支金虎, 郑强卿, 王文军, 宋伞伞, 张迪. 氮磷配施对灰枣光合荧光特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(10): 2514-2523.

Figures/Tables 7

References 30

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施肥时期 Fertilization period	施肥种类 Fertilizer kinds
催芽肥,4月上旬 (Accelerated budding fertilizer, early April)	尿素	0.00	45.98	25.86	5.75	112.08	91.96	71.85	178.18	158.06	137.95
	磷酸二铵	0.00	51.41	102.82	154.23	51.41	102.82	154.23	51.41	102.82	154.23
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
花期,5月下旬 (Flowering, late May)	尿素	0.00	19.48	2.24	0.00	56.20	38.96	21.71	92.92	75.68	58.44
	磷酸二铵	0.00	44.07	88.13	132.20	44.07	88.13	132.20	44.07	88.13	132.20
	硫酸钾	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51
壮果肥,6月底7月初 (Strong fruit fat late June early July)	尿素	0.00	23.63	17.88	12.13	53.01	47.26	41.51	82.38	76.64	70.89
	磷酸二铵	0.00	14.69	29.38	44.07	14.69	29.38	44.07	14.69	29.38	44.07
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
壮果肥,7月中下旬 (Strong fruit fat, Mid-to-late July)	尿素	0.00	6.39	0.64	0.00	35.76	30.02	24.27	65.14	59.39	53.65
	磷酸二铵	0.00	58.75	73.44	88.13	58.75	73.44	88.13	58.75	73.44	88.13
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
膨果肥,8月上中旬 (Bentonite fertilizer in mid-August)	尿素	0.00	22.35	7.98	0.00	59.07	44.70	30.34	95.80	81.43	67.06
	磷酸二铵	0.00	36.72	73.44	110.16	36.72	73.44	110.16	36.72	73.44	110.16
	硫酸钾	81.08	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11

施肥时期 Fertilization period	施肥种类 Fertilizer kinds
催芽肥,4月上旬 (Accelerated budding fertilizer, early April)	尿素	0.00	45.98	25.86	5.75	112.08	91.96	71.85	178.18	158.06	137.95
	磷酸二铵	0.00	51.41	102.82	154.23	51.41	102.82	154.23	51.41	102.82	154.23
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
花期,5月下旬 (Flowering, late May)	尿素	0.00	19.48	2.24	0.00	56.20	38.96	21.71	92.92	75.68	58.44
	磷酸二铵	0.00	44.07	88.13	132.20	44.07	88.13	132.20	44.07	88.13	132.20
	硫酸钾	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51	13.51
壮果肥,6月底7月初 (Strong fruit fat late June early July)	尿素	0.00	23.63	17.88	12.13	53.01	47.26	41.51	82.38	76.64	70.89
	磷酸二铵	0.00	14.69	29.38	44.07	14.69	29.38	44.07	14.69	29.38	44.07
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
壮果肥,7月中下旬 (Strong fruit fat, Mid-to-late July)	尿素	0.00	6.39	0.64	0.00	35.76	30.02	24.27	65.14	59.39	53.65
	磷酸二铵	0.00	58.75	73.44	88.13	58.75	73.44	88.13	58.75	73.44	88.13
	硫酸钾	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54	40.54
膨果肥,8月上中旬 (Bentonite fertilizer in mid-August)	尿素	0.00	22.35	7.98	0.00	59.07	44.70	30.34	95.80	81.43	67.06
	磷酸二铵	0.00	36.72	73.44	110.16	36.72	73.44	110.16	36.72	73.44	110.16
	硫酸钾	81.08	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11	108.11

时期 Period	处理 Treatment	净光合速率Pn [μmol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度Ci [μmol/mol]	蒸腾速率Tr [mmol/(m²·s)]	水分利用率WUE [mg/kg]
5月20日 May 20th	N₀P₀	7.4±0.46	239.75±9.67	2.68±0.13	2.75±0.04
	N₁P₁	6.56±0.06^e	203.87±6.35^b	1.74±0.01^e	3.77±0.01^a
	N₁P₂	7.23±0.05^d	201.3±3.96^bc	2.11±0.03^d	3.43±0.03^b
	N₁P₃	9.24±0.07^a	186.14±1.67^d	3.28±0.05^a	2.81±0.02^c
	N₂P₁	9.79±0.25^a	206.11±2.11^b	2.57±0.08^c	3.81±0.03^a
	N₂P₂	6.22±0.14^e	212.82±3.04^a	2.02±0.09^d	3.09±0.06^c
	N₂P₃	7.64±0.25^bcd	196.34±2.45^c	1.94±0.15^de	3.98±0.21^a
	N₃P₁	8.25±0.52^b	218.73±1.01^a	2.96±0.18^b	2.78±0.03^c
	N₃P₂	8.09±0.07^bc	194.36±1.41^c	3.38±0.06^a	2.4±0.03^d
	N₃P₃	7.46±0.32^cd	175.92±3.27^e	1.96±0.08^de	3.81±0.12^a

时期 Period	处理 Treatment	净光合速率Pn [μmol/(m²·s)]	胞间CO₂浓度Ci [μmol/mol]	蒸腾速率Tr [mmol/(m²·s)]	水分利用率WUE [mg/kg]
5月20日 May 20th	N₀P₀	7.4±0.46	239.75±9.67	2.68±0.13	2.75±0.04
	N₁P₁	6.56±0.06^e	203.87±6.35^b	1.74±0.01^e	3.77±0.01^a
	N₁P₂	7.23±0.05^d	201.3±3.96^bc	2.11±0.03^d	3.43±0.03^b
	N₁P₃	9.24±0.07^a	186.14±1.67^d	3.28±0.05^a	2.81±0.02^c
	N₂P₁	9.79±0.25^a	206.11±2.11^b	2.57±0.08^c	3.81±0.03^a
	N₂P₂	6.22±0.14^e	212.82±3.04^a	2.02±0.09^d	3.09±0.06^c
	N₂P₃	7.64±0.25^bcd	196.34±2.45^c	1.94±0.15^de	3.98±0.21^a
	N₃P₁	8.25±0.52^b	218.73±1.01^a	2.96±0.18^b	2.78±0.03^c
	N₃P₂	8.09±0.07^bc	194.36±1.41^c	3.38±0.06^a	2.4±0.03^d
	N₃P₃	7.46±0.32^cd	175.92±3.27^e	1.96±0.08^de	3.81±0.12^a

时期 period	处理 Trentments	最大荧光产量 Fm	最小荧光产量 Fo	非光化学淬灭系数 NPQ	光化学淬灭 Qp	最大光化学量子产量 Fv/Fm	实际光化学量子产量 Y(II)
5月18日 May 18th	T₁	1 219±136.59	408±3.77	1.96±0.64	0.24±0.09	0.71±0.01	0.14±0.02
	T₂	1 912±183.85	447±56.75	1.91±0.15	0.30±0.08	0.78±0.04	0.14±0.06
	T₃	2 162±75.84	381±5.13	1.45±0.30	0.30±0.12	0.82±0.00	0.22±0.1
	T₄	2 301±97.46	398±9.78	1.82±0.34	0.41±0.22	0.83±0.01	0.27±0.03
	T₅	2 124±36.77	379±4.42	1.69±0.00	0.13±0.00	0.82±0.01	0.14±0.04
	T₆	2 186±18.00	463±35.03	0.73±0.02	0.56±0.03	0.79±0.01	0.43±0.03
	T₇	2 174±190.21	405±5.19	1.18±0.80	0.43±0.22	0.81±0.00	0.32±0.07
	T₈	1 826±196.16	472±43.31	1.41±0.57	0.50±0.25	0.75±0.01	0.24±0.00
	T₉	2 020±174.07	348±25.4	1.01±0.08	0.38±0.05	0.83±0.00	0.30±0.04
	T₁₀	1 954±21.89	362±5.54	2.10±0.01	0.10±0.01	0.80±0.03	0.24±0.03
6月18日 July 18th	T₁	1 057±0.11	307±0.01	0.048±0.01	0.86±0.03	0.50±0.01	0.64±0.02
	T₂	1 889±0.17	400±0.03	0.035±0.00	0.85±0.02	0.79±0.01	0.62±0.01
	T₃	1 210±0.15	258±0.03	0.022±0.00	0.82±0.01	0.79±0.00	0.60±0.01
	T₄	1 916±0.15	404±0.01	0.038±0.01	0.81±0.00	0.79±0.01	0.58±0.02
	T₅	2 025±0.08	442±0.02	0.040±0.01	0.87±0.06	0.80±0.00	0.66±0.05
	T₆	1 785±0.16	377±0.01	0.037±0.00	0.81±0.01	0.78±0.03	0.59±0.03
	T₇	2 129±0.13	384±0	0.039±0.01	0.85±0.02	0.82±0.01	0.65±0.02
	T₈	2 051±0.09	425±0.03	0.041±0.01	0.81±0.00	0.79±0.01	0.59±0.01
	T₉	1 979±0.22	399±0.01	0.046±0.00	0.83±0.02	0.79±0.02	0.60±0.04
	T₁₀	2 177±0.18	404±0.01	0.039±0.01	0.82±0.00	0.81±0.01	0.61±0.01