Abstract: 【Objective】 To broaden the gene pool of cotton germplasm and screen out the germplasm resources suitable for hybrid parents.【Methods】 the variation of morphological indexes and genetic diversity of 200 cotton germplasms were studied, and the cluster analysis of 200 germplasms carried out.【Results】 The results showed that the variation range of genetic diversity index (H′) of 21 morphological indexes was 0-1.02, and cluster analysis showed that all materials could be divided into 6 categories, of which,among which 30 materials belongs to the first big category with purplish red color stem. Their seeds are mainly of short velvet grayish brown color and can be used as the breeding resources of color cotton; 20 materials of 170177, whose seeds are of short hair green brown color, can be used as the breeding materials of early maturity, phenol free and high temperature tolerance; 50 were in the sixth category, accounting for a large proportion.【Conclusion】 The genetic diversity of 200 germplasm resources is abundant, 50 materials of the sixth class can be used as the parent of breeding materials in Xinjiang at present. It is mainly characterized by tower type of plant type, no stem hair, dark green leaf color, medium leaf size, no leaf base spot, limited branch type, yellow corolla, yellow anther, hairy seed pubescence, gray green seed pubescence, pigment gland of seed kernel and white boll color.

Key words: upland cotton; germplasm resource; agronomic characters; genetic diversity

摘要： 【目的】 研究本地棉花种质基因库,筛选出适于作杂交亲本的种质资源。【方法】 以200份棉花种质资源为材料,研究其形态指标的变异情况和遗传多样性,并以形态指标对 200 份种质进行聚类分析。【结果】 21个形态指标遗传多样性指数(H′)变幅范围在0~1.02。所有材料可划分成6大类,其中第1大类30份材料,茎色紫红色,种子短绒颜色灰褐色材料为主,可以作为彩色棉花育种资源;以170177为主的20份材料种子短绒着生稀毛,种子短绒颜色绿褐色可以作为早熟、无酚、耐高温的育种材料;第6大类50份,所占比例较大。【结论】 200份种质资源的遗传多样性丰富,第6大类50份,可以作为目前新疆育种材料亲本,主要特征为株型塔型,无茎毛,叶色深绿色,叶片大小中,无叶基斑,有限果枝类型,黄色花冠,黄色花药,种子短绒着生情况多毛,种子短绒颜色灰绿色,有种仁色素腺体,吐絮颜色白色。

关键词: 陆地棉, 种质资源, 农艺性状, 遗传多样性分析