新疆农业科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 1606-1614.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.07.006
许同心(), 李涛, 王浩东, 钱灿灿, 马江锋, 杨德松()
收稿日期:
2021-10-03
出版日期:
2022-07-20
发布日期:
2022-08-04
通信作者:
杨德松
作者简介:
许同心(1998-),男,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为棉田杂草的防除,(E-mail) 844661520@qq.com
基金资助:
XU Tongxin(), LI Tao, WANG Haodong, QIAN Cancan, MA Jiangfeng, YANG Desong()
Received:
2021-10-03
Online:
2022-07-20
Published:
2022-08-04
Correspondence author:
YANG Desong
Supported by:
摘要:
【目的】研究扁秆荆三棱(Bolboschoenus planiculmis)球茎休眠特性及萌发环境条件。【方法】采用培养皿法和盆钵法,研究不同储存方式对扁秆荆三棱球茎解除休眠的影响,分析不同温度、pH、盐分、土壤湿度、埋土深度对扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发的影响,测定扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发率、萌发指数及平均萌发时间。【结果】室温水储方式眠解除效果最好,30 d后萌发率高达88.89%,而-20℃干储条件解除效果最差,储存30 d后球茎未能萌发;25~30℃是扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发的适宜温度,萌发率在70%,其中30℃为最适萌发温度,之后随温度的升高抑制球茎的萌发;pH在5~9均能萌发,萌发率在71.11%~88.89%,扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发不受pH的限制;NaCl浓度在0~25 mmol/L时,萌发率在80%以上,随着浓度的增大,扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发逐渐降低,在NaCl浓度为150 mmol/L时,球茎萌发率仅为11.11%,在高盐浓度下,扁秆荆三棱球茎仍能萌发;随着土壤湿度的增加,其发芽率随之增大;埋土深度10 cm时发芽率最大,为82.22%,扁秆荆三棱一般处于土层10 cm。【结论】扁秆荆三棱喜温湿且耐受性强,属于棉田恶性杂草,防治难度极大。
中图分类号:
许同心, 李涛, 王浩东, 钱灿灿, 马江锋, 杨德松. 扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发条件分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(7): 1606-1614.
XU Tongxin, LI Tao, WANG Haodong, QIAN Cancan, MA Jiangfeng, YANG Desong. A preliminary study on the germination conditions of Bolboschoenus planiculmis corm[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1606-1614.
处理 Treatment | 萌发率 Germination rate(%) | 萌发指数 Germination index | 平均萌发时间 Mean time of germination(d) | 萌发启动时间 Initiation time of germination(d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
温度 Temperature | 10℃ | 0d | - | - | - |
15℃ | 28.89c | 0.57d | 8.15a | 5.67a | |
20℃ | 66.67b | 2.1 | 6.34b | 2.67b | |
25℃ | 73.3 | 3.1 | 5.94b | 1.00c | |
30℃ | 82.22a | 6.25a | 4.23c | 1.00c | |
35℃ | 62.22b | 4.03b | 4.22c | 1.3 | |
pH | 5 | 71.11c | 3.45c | 4.40a | 1.67a |
6 | 77.78b | 4.6 | 3.41b | 1.33a | |
7 | 82.2 | 4.5 | 4.48a | 1.00a | |
8 | 88.89a | 6.37a | 3.64b | 1.00a | |
9 | 80.00abc | 3.82c | 4.55a | 1.33a | |
CK(7.2) | 86.6 | 5.5 | 4.37b | 1.00a | |
盐分NaCl浓度 Salt(NaCl) concentration (mmol/L) | 0 | 88.89a | 5.59a | 4.37d | 1.00c |
25 | 82.22a | 6.21a | 4.5 | 1.00c | |
50 | 71.11b | 4.08b | 5.5 | 1.00c | |
75 | 62.22c | 3.14b | 4.94bcd | 1.00c | |
100 | 44.44d | 2.04c | 5.05bcd | 1.33c | |
125 | 28.89e | 1.19cd | 5.77b | 2.67b | |
150 | 13.33f | 0.30d | 6.83a | 6.67a |
表1 不同处理下扁秆荆三棱球茎萌发变化
Table 1 Effects of different treatments on bulbs germination of Bolboschoenus planiculmis
处理 Treatment | 萌发率 Germination rate(%) | 萌发指数 Germination index | 平均萌发时间 Mean time of germination(d) | 萌发启动时间 Initiation time of germination(d) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
温度 Temperature | 10℃ | 0d | - | - | - |
15℃ | 28.89c | 0.57d | 8.15a | 5.67a | |
20℃ | 66.67b | 2.1 | 6.34b | 2.67b | |
25℃ | 73.3 | 3.1 | 5.94b | 1.00c | |
30℃ | 82.22a | 6.25a | 4.23c | 1.00c | |
35℃ | 62.22b | 4.03b | 4.22c | 1.3 | |
pH | 5 | 71.11c | 3.45c | 4.40a | 1.67a |
6 | 77.78b | 4.6 | 3.41b | 1.33a | |
7 | 82.2 | 4.5 | 4.48a | 1.00a | |
8 | 88.89a | 6.37a | 3.64b | 1.00a | |
9 | 80.00abc | 3.82c | 4.55a | 1.33a | |
CK(7.2) | 86.6 | 5.5 | 4.37b | 1.00a | |
盐分NaCl浓度 Salt(NaCl) concentration (mmol/L) | 0 | 88.89a | 5.59a | 4.37d | 1.00c |
25 | 82.22a | 6.21a | 4.5 | 1.00c | |
50 | 71.11b | 4.08b | 5.5 | 1.00c | |
75 | 62.22c | 3.14b | 4.94bcd | 1.00c | |
100 | 44.44d | 2.04c | 5.05bcd | 1.33c | |
125 | 28.89e | 1.19cd | 5.77b | 2.67b | |
150 | 13.33f | 0.30d | 6.83a | 6.67a |
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