藜麦种子对萌发温度的响应及低温胁迫萌发能力鉴定

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.013

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 1141-1149.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.013

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

藜麦种子对萌发温度的响应及低温胁迫萌发能力鉴定

姚庆¹(), 阿里别里根·哈孜太¹, 杨明花¹, 李强², 苗昊翠²(), 崔宏亮¹()

1.新疆伊犁州农业科学研究所,新疆伊宁 835000
2.新疆农业科学院经济作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2022-06-30 出版日期:2023-05-20 发布日期:2023-05-22
通信作者: 崔宏亮(1981-),男,河南人,副研究员,研究方向为作物栽培及生理,(E-mail)chl8129@126.com;
苗昊翠(1981-),女,山东青岛人,研究员,研究方向为油料作物遗传育种与栽培,(E-mail)mc09876@163.com
作者简介:姚庆(1986-),男,甘肃张掖人,助理研究员,研究方向为新品种引进、选育及作物栽培,(E-mail)452760959@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金项目“藜麦苗期低温胁迫的生理响应及旱作冷凉区适应性研究”(2020D01B54)

Response of quinoa seeds to germination temperature and identification of germination ability under low temperature stress

YAO Qing¹(), Aribelegan Hazzetti¹, YANG Minghua¹, LI Qiang², MIAO Haocui²(), CUI Hongliang¹()

1. Agricultural Sciences Institute of Ili Prefecture, Xinjiang, Yining Xinjiang 835000, China
2. Institute of Economical Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2022-06-30 Published:2023-05-20 Online:2023-05-22
Supported by:
Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Physiological Response to Low Temperature Stress in Seedling Stage of Quinoa and Adaptability to Cold and Cool Zone in Dry Farming"(2020D01B54)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究藜麦萌发期对低温胁迫的响应,采用多个萌发指标综合评价其耐低温特性,分析不同藜麦品种在不同萌发温度下的生理特性,为生产上藜麦适期播种提供理论依据。【方法】以新疆伊犁河谷种植适应性较好的6个藜麦品种为材料,于1、5、10、15和20℃的培养箱中进行发芽试验,测定不同温度下各藜麦品种的发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、芽长、芽鲜重等指标,根据不同指标的差异性,采用相对萌发指标相关性、主成分、隶属函数分析等方法,综合评价6个藜麦品种在不同温度条件下耐低温能力。【结果】随着温度降低,所有萌发指标值都随之降低,且不同藜麦品种在不同温度下各萌发指标差异显著,6个萌发指标的相对值之间也存在一定的相关性,因子1的特征值为4.855,占总信息量的80.924%,其他主成分因子特征值均小于1,相对发芽势、相对发芽指数、相对活力指数可作为藜麦萌发期耐低温特性的主要鉴定指标。【结论】YN₁、YN₃品种在萌发期对低温最敏感,不适合早播;YN₂、YN₅、YN₆品种在不同温度下指标表现稳定,在低温条件下虽然发芽速度较慢,但是发芽率较高,耐低温性较强,属于耐低温品种;YN₄品种在低温条件下表现最突出,属于极耐低温品种。

关键词: 藜麦; 萌发指标; 温度; 综合评价

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the response of quinoa at germination stage to low temperature stress, to evaluate its low temperature tolerance by using multiple germination indexes, and to analyze the physiological characteristics of different quinoa varieties at different germination temperatures, so as to provide theoretical basis for planting quinoa at suitable germination stage in production.【Methods】 6 quinoa varieties with good adaptability in Yili River Valley of Xinjiang were taken as test materials and the germination test was performed in 1℃, 5℃, 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃ incubators to measure the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, bud length and bud fresh weight of each quinoa variety at different temperatures, and the six quinoa varieties were comprehensively evaluated under different temperature conditions by means of difference analysis of different indexes, correlation analysis of relative germination indexes, principal component analysis and membership function analysis.【Results】 With the decrease of temperature, the values of all germination indexes decreased, and there were significant differences among different quinoa varieties under different temperatures, and there was a certain correlation between the relative values of the six germination indexes. The characteristic value of factor 1 was 4.855, accounting for 80.924% of the total information. The characteristic values of other principal component factors were all less than 1, so the relative germination potential, relative germination index and relative vigor index could be used as the main identification indexes of low temperature tolerance of quinoa during germination stage.【Conclusion】 YN₁ and YN₃ varieties are the most sensitive to low temperature at germination stage, and not suitable for early sowing. Varieties YN₂, YN₅ and YN₆ show stable performance in all aspects under different temperatures. Although their germination speed are slower at low temperature, but the germination rate are high and the low temperature tolerance is strong, belonging to the low temperature tolerance varieties. YN₄ cultivar has the most outstanding performance under low temperature condition and belongs to extremely low temperature tolerance cultivar.

Key words: quinoa; germination index; temperature; comprehensive evaluation

中图分类号:

姚庆, 阿里别里根·哈孜太, 杨明花, 李强, 苗昊翠, 崔宏亮. 藜麦种子对萌发温度的响应及低温胁迫萌发能力鉴定[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1141-1149.

YAO Qing, Aribelegan Hazzetti, YANG Minghua, LI Qiang, MIAO Haocui, CUI Hongliang. Response of quinoa seeds to germination temperature and identification of germination ability under low temperature stress[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(5): 1141-1149.

图/表 5

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处理 Treatments	发芽率 GR	发芽势 GE	发芽指数 GI	活力指数 VI	芽鲜重 BFW	芽长 BL
A₁B₁	0.133^I	0.000^H	0.000^L	0.000^L	0.000^M	0.000^J
A₁B₂	0.88^ABCDE	0.207^FG	11.934^J	1.048^JKL	0.088^L	3.988^IJ
A₁B₃	0.007^J	0.000^H	0.083^L	0.000^L	0.000^M	0.000^J
A₁B₄	0.913^ABCD	0.207^FG	11.445^J	1.16^JKL	0.101^JKL	4.922^IJ
A₁B₅	0.847^CDE	0.187^G	10.936^J	1.136^JKL	0.104^JKL	6.132^HIJ
A₁B₆	0.720^FG	0.187^G	10.095^JK	0.987^JKL	0.098^JKL	5.789^HIJ
A₂B₁	0.607^GH	0.267^EFG	11.206^J	1.227^JKL	0.109^HIJKL	11.913^GHI
A₂B₂	0.980^A	0.953^AB	28.744^DEFG	3.691^FGH	0.129^EFGHIJK	16.097^FGH
A₂B₃	0.560^H	0.013^H	5.891^K	0.681^KL	0.116^GHIJKL	7.144^HIJ
A₂B₄	0.933^ABCD	0.860^ABCD	28.144^EFG	4.222^DEFGH	0.149^DEFGH	19.649^CDEFG
A₂B₅	0.880^ABCDE	0.780^D	25.539^G	3.138^GHI	0.123^FGHIJKL	16.003^FGH
A₂B₆	0.9^ABCD	0.787^CD	26.617^FG	3.137^GHI	0.118^FGHIJKL	17.908^EFG
A₃B₁	0.847^CDE	0.327^EFG	18.428^H	2.231^IJ	0.121^FGHIJKL	14.5^FGHI
A₃B₂	0.993^A	0.973^A	33.511^BCD	3.216^GHI	0.096^JKL	14.086^FGHI
A₃B₃	0.773^EF	0.24^EFG	12.939^IJ	1.221^JKL	0.094^KL	12.64^GHI
A₃B₄	0.980^A	0.967^A	29^CDEFG	5.172^CDE	0.168^DE	20.682^CDEFG
A₃B₅	0.960^ABC	0.827^ABCD	30.967^BCDEF	4.179^EFGH	0.135^DEFGHIJ	18.428^DEFG
A₃B₆	0.940^ABCD	0.853^ABCD	29.922^CDEFG	4.332^DEFG	0.145^DEFGHI	18.662^DEFG
A₄B₁	0.853^BCDE	0.393^E	20.689^H	3.074^HI	0.151^DEFG	28.841^CD
A₄B₂	0.987^A	0.967^A	33.733^ABC	3.666^FGH	0.109^IJKL	27.001^CDE
A₄B₃	0.827^DEF	0.367^EF	17.081^HI	1.68^JK	0.098^JKL	20.303^CDEFG
A₄B₄	0.973^AB	0.96^A	32.244^BCDE	5.473^CD	0.17^D	29.751^C
A₄B₅	0.987^A	0.793^BCD	31.95^BCDE	4.843^CDEF	0.152^DEFG	26.971^CDE
A₄B₆	0.947^ABCD	0.873^ABCD	31.906^BCDE	4.136^EFGH	0.129^EFGHIJK	23.755^CDEF
A₅B₁	0.933^ABCD	0.887^ABCD	30.422^CDEF	5.137^CDE	0.17^D	68.32^AB
A₅B₂	0.993^A	0.980^A	35.5^AB	5.616^C	0.158^DEF	62.064^B
A₅B₃	0.933^ABCD	0.847^ABCD	26.3^FG	4.581^CDEF	0.174^CD	70.878^AB
A₅B₄	0.98^A	0.967^A	38.389^A	9.463^A	0.247^AB	75.816^A
A₅B₅	0.953^ABC	0.947^ABC	32.583^BCDE	8.328^A	0.255^A	73.335^A
A₅B₆	0.947^ABCD	0.887^ABCD	32.439^BCDE	6.931^B	0.214^BC	76.954^A
A因素间 Between factors A	368.620	813.270	979.447	250.550 910 6	126.758	522.762 495
B因素间 Between factors B	300.873	395.074	414.385	74.063 526 02	33.035	5.768 949 4
A×B	61.639	34.231	13.057	3.854 595 109	5.128	1.107 945 076
变异系数 Coeffcient of variation	27.622	58.460	48.223	68.201	42.186	91.688

处理 Treatments	发芽率 GR	发芽势 GE	发芽指数 GI	活力指数 VI	芽鲜重 BFW	芽长 BL
A₁B₁	0.133^I	0.000^H	0.000^L	0.000^L	0.000^M	0.000^J
A₁B₂	0.88^ABCDE	0.207^FG	11.934^J	1.048^JKL	0.088^L	3.988^IJ
A₁B₃	0.007^J	0.000^H	0.083^L	0.000^L	0.000^M	0.000^J
A₁B₄	0.913^ABCD	0.207^FG	11.445^J	1.16^JKL	0.101^JKL	4.922^IJ
A₁B₅	0.847^CDE	0.187^G	10.936^J	1.136^JKL	0.104^JKL	6.132^HIJ
A₁B₆	0.720^FG	0.187^G	10.095^JK	0.987^JKL	0.098^JKL	5.789^HIJ
A₂B₁	0.607^GH	0.267^EFG	11.206^J	1.227^JKL	0.109^HIJKL	11.913^GHI
A₂B₂	0.980^A	0.953^AB	28.744^DEFG	3.691^FGH	0.129^EFGHIJK	16.097^FGH
A₂B₃	0.560^H	0.013^H	5.891^K	0.681^KL	0.116^GHIJKL	7.144^HIJ
A₂B₄	0.933^ABCD	0.860^ABCD	28.144^EFG	4.222^DEFGH	0.149^DEFGH	19.649^CDEFG
A₂B₅	0.880^ABCDE	0.780^D	25.539^G	3.138^GHI	0.123^FGHIJKL	16.003^FGH
A₂B₆	0.9^ABCD	0.787^CD	26.617^FG	3.137^GHI	0.118^FGHIJKL	17.908^EFG
A₃B₁	0.847^CDE	0.327^EFG	18.428^H	2.231^IJ	0.121^FGHIJKL	14.5^FGHI
A₃B₂	0.993^A	0.973^A	33.511^BCD	3.216^GHI	0.096^JKL	14.086^FGHI
A₃B₃	0.773^EF	0.24^EFG	12.939^IJ	1.221^JKL	0.094^KL	12.64^GHI
A₃B₄	0.980^A	0.967^A	29^CDEFG	5.172^CDE	0.168^DE	20.682^CDEFG
A₃B₅	0.960^ABC	0.827^ABCD	30.967^BCDEF	4.179^EFGH	0.135^DEFGHIJ	18.428^DEFG
A₃B₆	0.940^ABCD	0.853^ABCD	29.922^CDEFG	4.332^DEFG	0.145^DEFGHI	18.662^DEFG
A₄B₁	0.853^BCDE	0.393^E	20.689^H	3.074^HI	0.151^DEFG	28.841^CD
A₄B₂	0.987^A	0.967^A	33.733^ABC	3.666^FGH	0.109^IJKL	27.001^CDE
A₄B₃	0.827^DEF	0.367^EF	17.081^HI	1.68^JK	0.098^JKL	20.303^CDEFG
A₄B₄	0.973^AB	0.96^A	32.244^BCDE	5.473^CD	0.17^D	29.751^C
A₄B₅	0.987^A	0.793^BCD	31.95^BCDE	4.843^CDEF	0.152^DEFG	26.971^CDE
A₄B₆	0.947^ABCD	0.873^ABCD	31.906^BCDE	4.136^EFGH	0.129^EFGHIJK	23.755^CDEF
A₅B₁	0.933^ABCD	0.887^ABCD	30.422^CDEF	5.137^CDE	0.17^D	68.32^AB
A₅B₂	0.993^A	0.980^A	35.5^AB	5.616^C	0.158^DEF	62.064^B
A₅B₃	0.933^ABCD	0.847^ABCD	26.3^FG	4.581^CDEF	0.174^CD	70.878^AB
A₅B₄	0.98^A	0.967^A	38.389^A	9.463^A	0.247^AB	75.816^A
A₅B₅	0.953^ABC	0.947^ABC	32.583^BCDE	8.328^A	0.255^A	73.335^A
A₅B₆	0.947^ABCD	0.887^ABCD	32.439^BCDE	6.931^B	0.214^BC	76.954^A
A因素间 Between factors A	368.620	813.270	979.447	250.550 910 6	126.758	522.762 495
B因素间 Between factors B	300.873	395.074	414.385	74.063 526 02	33.035	5.768 949 4
A×B	61.639	34.231	13.057	3.854 595 109	5.128	1.107 945 076
变异系数 Coeffcient of variation	27.622	58.460	48.223	68.201	42.186	91.688

项目 Items	相对发芽率 RGR	相对发芽势 RGI	相对发芽指数 RGI	相对活力指数 RVI	相对芽鲜重 RBFW	相对芽长 RBL
相对发芽率(RGR)	1.000
相对发芽势(RGI)	0.734^**	1.000
相对发芽指数(RGI)	0.816^**	0.952^**	1.000
相对活力指数(RVI)	0.653^**	0.850^**	0.896^**	1.000
相对芽鲜重(RBFW)	0.727^**	0.661^**	0.756^**	0.883^**	1.000
相对芽长(RBL)	0.465^**	0.651^**	0.709^**	0.930^**	0.832^**	1.000

项目 Items	相对发芽率 RGR	相对发芽势 RGI	相对发芽指数 RGI	相对活力指数 RVI	相对芽鲜重 RBFW	相对芽长 RBL
相对发芽率(RGR)	1.000
相对发芽势(RGI)	0.734^**	1.000
相对发芽指数(RGI)	0.816^**	0.952^**	1.000
相对活力指数(RVI)	0.653^**	0.850^**	0.896^**	1.000
相对芽鲜重(RBFW)	0.727^**	0.661^**	0.756^**	0.883^**	1.000
相对芽长(RBL)	0.465^**	0.651^**	0.709^**	0.930^**	0.832^**	1.000

项目 Items	因子1 Factor 1	因子2 Factor 2	因子3 Factor 3	因子4 Factor 4	因子5 Factor 5	因子6 Factor 6
相对发芽率(RGR)	0.368	0.585	0.524	0.442	0.176	-0.147
相对发芽势(RGI)	0.409	0.299	-0.546	-0.286	0.591	0.118
相对发芽指数(RGI)	0.432	0.262	-0.274	0.028	-0.740	0.348
相对活力指数(RVI)	0.440	-0.262	-0.152	-0.046	-0.170	-0.827
相对芽鲜重(RBFW)	0.409	-0.244	0.572	-0.630	0.020	0.220
相对芽长(RBL)	0.387	-0.610	-0.046	0.568	0.206	0.334
特征值Eigenralue	4.855	0.661	0.372	0.071	0.033	0.008
百分率Percentage(%)	80.924	11.024	6.195	1.185	0.543	0.128
累计百分率Cumulative percentage(%)	80.924	91.948	98.143	99.329	99.872	100.000
权重=因子1/100 Weight=Factor 1/100	0.809	0.110	0.062	0.012	0.005	0.001

藜麦种子对萌发温度的响应及低温胁迫萌发能力鉴定

Response of quinoa seeds to germination temperature and identification of germination ability under low temperature stress

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Metrics

处理 Treatments	相对发芽率 RGR	相对发芽势 RGI	相对发芽指数 RGI	相对活力指数 RVI	相对芽鲜重 RBFW	相对芽长 RBL	D值	综合排名 Comprehensive ranking
A₁B₁	0.130	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.107	5
A₁B₂	0.850	0.210	0.340	0.190	0.560	0.070	0.741	2
A₁B₃	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	6
A₁B₄	0.900	0.210	0.300	0.120	0.410	0.070	0.774	1
A₁B₅	0.860	0.200	0.340	0.140	0.410	0.080	0.740	3
A₁B₆	0.730	0.210	0.310	0.140	0.470	0.080	0.639	4
A₂B₁	0.630	0.300	0.370	0.240	0.640	0.180	0.568	5
A₂B₂	0.950	0.970	0.810	0.660	0.830	0.260	0.940	1
A₂B₃	0.580	0.020	0.220	0.150	0.680	0.100	0.487	6
A₂B₄	0.920	0.890	0.730	0.450	0.610	0.260	0.896	3
A₂B₅	0.890	0.820	0.780	0.390	0.490	0.220	0.867	4
A₂B₆	0.920	0.890	0.820	0.460	0.560	0.230	0.900	2
A₃B₁	0.880	0.370	0.610	0.440	0.720	0.220	0.795	5
A₃B₂	0.970	0.990	0.940	0.580	0.610	0.230	0.959	1
A₃B₃	0.800	0.290	0.490	0.280	0.560	0.180	0.714	6
A₃B₄	0.970	1.000	0.760	0.510	0.680	0.270	0.948	4
A₃B₅	0.970	0.870	0.950	0.510	0.530	0.250	0.951	2
A₃B₆	0.960	0.960	0.920	0.630	0.690	0.250	0.950	3
A₄B₁	0.880	0.450	0.690	0.600	0.890	0.430	0.818	5
A₄B₂	0.960	0.990	0.950	0.660	0.690	0.440	0.955	3
A₄B₃	0.850	0.430	0.650	0.370	0.580	0.290	0.787	6
A₄B₄	0.960	0.990	0.840	0.580	0.690	0.390	0.948	4
A₄B₅	1.000	0.840	0.980	0.590	0.600	0.370	0.972	1
A₄B₆	0.970	0.990	0.980	0.600	0.610	0.320	0.961	2
A₅B₁	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
A₅B₂	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
A₅B₃	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
A₅B₄	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
A₅B₅	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
A₅B₆	0.970	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	0.971	1
权重 Weight	0.800	0.120	0.060	0.010	0.010	0.000	—

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