磷肥用量定位6年对土壤和棉株磷素吸收及棉花产量的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.10.015

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (10): 1882-1886.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.10.015

磷肥用量定位6年对土壤和棉株磷素吸收及棉花产量的影响

王树林(), 王燕, 董明, 祁虹, 冯国艺, 雷晓鹏, 梁青龙, 张谦()

河北省农林科学院棉花研究所/农业农村部黄淮海半干旱区棉花生物学与遗传育种重点实验室/国家棉花改良中心河北分中心,石家庄 050051

收稿日期:2021-03-15 出版日期:2021-10-20 发布日期:2021-10-26
通信作者: 张谦
作者简介:王树林(1978-),男,河北巨鹿人,研究员,研究方向为棉花栽培与耕作,(E-mail) wshl1001@sohu.com
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0201900);河北省现代农业产业技术体系(HBCT2018040201);河北省农林科学院现代农业科技创新工程项目(2019-2-7-1)

Effects of P Fertilizer Amount on Soil P₂O₅ Content, P Uptake in Cotton Plant and Cotton Yields after 6 Years of Located Fertilization

Shulin WANG(), Yan WANG, Ming DONG, Hong QI, Guoyi FENG, Xiaopeng LEI, Qinglong LIANG, Qian ZHANG()

Cotton Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Cotton in Huanghuaihai Semiarid Area, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, P. R. China /National Cotton Improvement Center Hebei Branch, Shijiazhuang 050051, China

Received:2021-03-15 Online:2021-10-20 Published:2021-10-26
Correspondence author: Qian ZHANG
Supported by:
National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFD0201900);Modern Agricultural Industry System Project of Hebei Province(HBCT2018040201);Modern Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Project of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences(2019-2-7-1)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究磷肥不同用量定位施用6 a后对土壤速效磷积累及棉株磷素吸收、棉花产量性状的影响。【方法】设置8个磷肥用量梯度处理,采用随机区组设计,定位6 a后,测定不同处理土壤速效磷含量,棉株叶片、茎秆与籽棉磷素积累,棉花产量性状。【结果】定位6 a后,随着磷肥用量的增加,0~20 cm土层速效磷含量形成了从3.1~65.4 mg/kg的由低到高的梯度,磷肥用量90.0 kg/hm²可保持土壤速效磷含量基本平衡。随着磷肥用量的增加,叶片中磷素含量先升高后趋于稳定,磷肥用量超过90.0 kg/hm²后,叶片中磷素含量增加不再明显,秸秆中磷素含量不施磷肥对照显著低于施磷处理,但不同施用量之间差异不显著,籽棉中磷素含量随施磷量增加先升高,后趋于稳定。叶片、秸秆、籽棉P₂O₅田间携出量均随磷肥用量增加先升高,后趋于稳定,籽棉P₂O₅田间携出量在51.8~61.7 kg/hm²变动。籽棉产量不同磷肥用量较不施磷肥对照提高4.9%~8.2%,差异达显著水平,但不同磷肥用量之间差异不显著。【结论】在冀中南棉区,棉花磷肥用量范围控制在60.0~90.0 kg/hm²土壤磷素平衡与棉花产量稳定。

关键词: 棉田; 磷肥; 用量; 定位

Abstract:

【Objective】 In the experiment different P fertilizer amounts were designed to study the effects on soil P₂O₅ content, P uptake in plant organs and cotton yields after 6 years of located fertilization. 【Methods】 8 phosphate fertilizer dosage gradient treatments were adopted by random block design to determine the soil available phosphorus content, cotton leaf, cotton stem and seed phosphorus accumulation and cotton yield after 6 years of located fertilization. 【Results】 After 6 years of located fertilization the P₂O₅ contents in soil layers of 0-20 cm increased from 3.1 mg/kg to 65.4 mg/kg from low gradients to high ones, and the soil P₂O₅ content kept stable when the P₂O₅fertilizer amount was 90.0 kg/hm². With the increase of P₂O₅ amount P content in leaf increased firstly then kept stable when the P₂O₅fertilizer amount exceeded 90.0 kg/hm². The P content in straw for CK was significantly lower than the treatments of applying P₂O₅fertilizer, but the differences between treatments of applying P₂O₅fertilizer were not significant. The P content in seed cotton increased firstly then leveled with the increase of P₂O₅fertilizer. The uptake of P₂O₅in leaf, straw and seed cotton increased firstly then kept stable with the increase of P₂O₅fertilizer, and the uptake of P₂O₅in seed cotton varied from 51.8-61.7 kg/hm² in different treatments. Compared with CK the seed cotton yield increased by 4.9%-8.2% in treatments of applying P₂O₅fertilizer, reaching significant level. and the difference was significant, but there were no differences among treatments of applying different amounts of P₂O₅fertilizer. 【Conclusion】 In cotton areas of central and southern Hebei Province, the optimum P₂O₅fertilizer was 60.0-90.0 kg/hm² which could keep the balance of soil P₂O₅and acquire stable cotton yield.

Key words: cotton field; P fertilizer; amount; location

中图分类号:

S146

王树林, 王燕, 董明, 祁虹, 冯国艺, 雷晓鹏, 梁青龙, 张谦. 磷肥用量定位6年对土壤和棉株磷素吸收及棉花产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(10): 1882-1886.

Shulin WANG, Yan WANG, Ming DONG, Hong QI, Guoyi FENG, Xiaopeng LEI, Qinglong LIANG, Qian ZHANG. Effects of P Fertilizer Amount on Soil P₂O₅ Content, P Uptake in Cotton Plant and Cotton Yields after 6 Years of Located Fertilization[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(10): 1882-1886.

图/表 3

参考文献 14

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处理 Treatme -nts	P含量 P content (g/kg)			P₂O₅携出量 P₂O₅ uptake (g/kg)
处理 Treatme -nts	叶片 Leaf	秸秆 Straw	籽棉 Seed cotton	叶片 Leaf	秸秆 Straw	籽棉 Seed cotton
P₀	2.4^c	1.3^b	6.0^b	20.3^b	9.1^b	51.8^b
P₁	2.5^c	1.6^a	6.4^a	20.9^b	10.3^a	58.6^a
P₂	2.7^b	1.6^a	6.5^a	21.8^b	10.9^a	59.4^a
P₃	2.9^a	1.7^a	6.7^a	23.5^a	11.8^a	61.2^a
P₄	2.8^ab	1.8^a	6.5^a	23.1^a	11.4^a	59.6^a
P₅	2.9^a	1.6^a	6.6^a	24.4^a	11.4^a	59.4^a
P₆	2.8^ab	1.6^a	6.7^a	23.1^a	10.8^a	60.7^a
P₇	3.0^a	1.70^a	6.6^a	24.4^a	11.9^a	61.7^a

处理 Treatme -nts	P含量 P content (g/kg)			P₂O₅携出量 P₂O₅ uptake (g/kg)
处理 Treatme -nts	叶片 Leaf	秸秆 Straw	籽棉 Seed cotton	叶片 Leaf	秸秆 Straw	籽棉 Seed cotton
P₀	2.4^c	1.3^b	6.0^b	20.3^b	9.1^b	51.8^b
P₁	2.5^c	1.6^a	6.4^a	20.9^b	10.3^a	58.6^a
P₂	2.7^b	1.6^a	6.5^a	21.8^b	10.9^a	59.4^a
P₃	2.9^a	1.7^a	6.7^a	23.5^a	11.8^a	61.2^a
P₄	2.8^ab	1.8^a	6.5^a	23.1^a	11.4^a	59.6^a
P₅	2.9^a	1.6^a	6.6^a	24.4^a	11.4^a	59.4^a
P₆	2.8^ab	1.6^a	6.7^a	23.1^a	10.8^a	60.7^a
P₇	3.0^a	1.70^a	6.6^a	24.4^a	11.9^a	61.7^a

处理 Treatments	单株铃数 Boll number per plant	单铃重 Boll weight (g)	衣分 Lint (%)	籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm²)	皮棉产量 Lint yield (kg/hm²)
P₀	12.7^b	5.1^a	36.2^a	3 773.0^b	1 366.0^b
P₁	14.1^a	5.3^a	36.4^a	4 001.0^a	1 456.0^a
P₂	14.4^a	5.2^a	36.2^a	3 990.0^a	1 444.0^a
P₃	14.1^a	5.3^a	36.8^a	3 990.0^a	1 468.0^a
P₄	14.3^a	5.2^a	36.2^a	4 007.0^a	1 451.0^a
P₅	14.2^a	5.3^a	36.3^a	3 930.0^a	1 427.0^a
P₆	14.4^a	5.1^a	36.9^a	3 959.0^a	1 461.0^a
P₇	14.4^a	5.2^a	36.5^a	4 081.0^a	1 490.0^a

处理 Treatments	单株铃数 Boll number per plant	单铃重 Boll weight (g)	衣分 Lint (%)	籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm²)	皮棉产量 Lint yield (kg/hm²)
P₀	12.7^b	5.1^a	36.2^a	3 773.0^b	1 366.0^b
P₁	14.1^a	5.3^a	36.4^a	4 001.0^a	1 456.0^a
P₂	14.4^a	5.2^a	36.2^a	3 990.0^a	1 444.0^a
P₃	14.1^a	5.3^a	36.8^a	3 990.0^a	1 468.0^a
P₄	14.3^a	5.2^a	36.2^a	4 007.0^a	1 451.0^a
P₅	14.2^a	5.3^a	36.3^a	3 930.0^a	1 427.0^a
P₆	14.4^a	5.1^a	36.9^a	3 959.0^a	1 461.0^a
P₇	14.4^a	5.2^a	36.5^a	4 081.0^a	1 490.0^a

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磷肥用量定位6年对土壤和棉株磷素吸收及棉花产量的影响

Effects of P Fertilizer Amount on Soil P₂O₅ Content, P Uptake in Cotton Plant and Cotton Yields after 6 Years of Located Fertilization

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磷肥用量定位6年对土壤和棉株磷素吸收及棉花产量的影响

Effects of P Fertilizer Amount on Soil P2O5 Content, P Uptake in Cotton Plant and Cotton Yields after 6 Years of Located Fertilization

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Effects of P Fertilizer Amount on Soil P₂O₅ Content, P Uptake in Cotton Plant and Cotton Yields after 6 Years of Located Fertilization