磷肥用量对滴灌加工番茄产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.021

新疆农业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (1): 185-191.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.01.021

• 植物保护 · 土壤肥料 · 草业 · 畜牧兽医 • 上一篇下一篇

磷肥用量对滴灌加工番茄产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响

芦大伟¹(), 哈丽哈什·依巴提², 李青军²()

1.新疆农业科学院拜城农业试验站,新疆拜城 842300
2.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2022-05-05 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-03-07
通信作者: 李青军(1979-),男,河南新乡人,研究员,研究方向为植物营养,(E-mail)gyqc@163.com
作者简介:芦大伟(1991-),男,河南开封人,研究实习员,研究方向为土壤肥料,(E-mail)1485644662@qq.com
基金资助:
天山青年计划“优秀青年科技人才培养项目”(2018Q042)

Effects of the Amount of Phosphate Fertilizer on Processing Tomato Yield and P Use Efficiency by Drip Irrigation

LU Dawei¹(), Halihashi Yibat², LI Qingjun²()

1. Baicheng Agricultural Test Station, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baicheng Xinjiang 842300, China
2. Research Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China

Received:2022-05-05 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-03-07
Correspondence author: LI Qingjun (1979 -), male, researcher, the research direction is plant nutrition,(E-mail)gyqc@163.com
Supported by:
Tianshan Youth Training Program Project "Outstanding Young Scientific Talent Training Project"(2018Q042)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究施用不同量磷肥对膜下滴灌加工番茄产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响。【方法】以金番1606加工番茄为供试品种,通过田间试验,在相同氮钾(N 240 kg/hm²、K₂O 90 kg/hm²)的基础上,设5个处理:(1)P₀:不施磷肥;(2)P₆₀:磷肥(P₂O₅)用量为60 kg/hm²;(3)P₁₂₀:磷肥(P₂O₅)用量为120 kg/hm²;(4)P₁₈₀:磷肥(P₂O₅)用量为180 kg/hm²;(5)P₂₄₀:磷肥(P₂O₅)用量为240 kg/hm²。【结果】与不施磷肥处理相比,施用磷肥显著提高了加工番茄的磷素吸收量,且P吸收速率随施磷量的增加而增加,但磷肥的利用效率却随施磷量的增加而降低。施用磷肥显著增加了加工番茄产量,比不施磷肥增产3.6%~7.4%,当磷肥用量小于120 kg/hm²时,加工番茄产量随施磷量的增加而增加;当磷肥用量超过120 kg/hm²时,加工番茄的产量不再显著增加。而施用磷肥对加工番茄品质没有显著影响。【结论】最佳经济施磷量为129.7 kg/hm²,最佳经济产量为121 t/hm²。

关键词: 加工番茄; 磷肥; 产量; 品质; 磷肥利用率

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of applying different amounts of phosphate fertilizer on the yield. 【Method】 Phosphorus utilization efficiency of tomato under drip irrigation using Jinfan 1606 processed tomato as a test variety through field experiments.Based on the same nitrogen and potassium (N 240 kg/hm², K₂O 90 kg/hm²), five treatments were set up in the test: (1) P₀: no phosphate fertilizer was applied; (2) P₆₀: phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) was used at 60 kg/hm^2; (3) P₁₂₀: phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) is 120 kg/hm²; (4) P₁₈₀: phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) is 180 kg/hm²; (5) P₂₄₀: phosphate fertilizer (P₂O₅) is 240 kg/hm². 【Result】 The results showed that compared with the treatment without phosphorus fertilizer, the application of phosphorus fertilizer significantly increased the phosphorus absorption of processed tomatoes, and the P absorption rate increased with the increase of phosphorus application, but the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer decreased with the increase of phosphorus application.At the same time, the application of phosphate fertilizer significantly increased the yield of processed tomatoes, which increased 3.6%-7.4% compared with no phosphate fertilizer.When the amount of phosphate fertilizer was less than 120 kg/hm², the yield of processing tomatoes increased with the increase of phosphorus application; and when the amount was over than that, the yield no longer increased significantly.The application of phosphate fertilizer had no significant effect on the quality of processing tomatoes. 【Conclusion】 Under this experimental condition, the suitable phosphorus application rate was 129.7 kg/hm², and the optimal economic yield was 121 t/hm².

Key words: processing tomato; phosphate fertilizer; yield; quality; puse efficiency

中图分类号:

S641.2

芦大伟, 哈丽哈什·依巴提, 李青军. 磷肥用量对滴灌加工番茄产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(1): 185-191.

LU Dawei, Halihashi Yibat, LI Qingjun. Effects of the Amount of Phosphate Fertilizer on Processing Tomato Yield and P Use Efficiency by Drip Irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(1): 185-191.

图/表 6

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年份 Year	处理 Treatment	P利用率 P use efficiency(%)	农学效率 Agronomy efficiency(kg/kg)	偏生产力 Partial productivity(kg/kg)
2017	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	32.8^a	54.4^a	1 964^a
	P₁₂₀	28.1^a	59.4^a	1 014^b
	P₁₈₀	20.0^b	40.2^b	677^c
	P₂₄₀	16.0^c	29.0^c	507^d
2018	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	37.8^a	80.7^a	1 965^a
	P₁₂₀	29.8^b	81.5^a	1 024^b
	P₁₈₀	21.4^c	51.6^b	680^c
	P₂₄₀	17.1^d	39.7^c	511^d
平均 Average	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	35.3^a	67.5^a	1 965^a
	P₁₂₀	28.9^b	70.5^a	1 019^b
	P₁₈₀	20.7^c	45.9^b	678^c
	P₂₄₀	16.5^d	34.4^c	509^d

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	P利用率 P use efficiency(%)	农学效率 Agronomy efficiency(kg/kg)	偏生产力 Partial productivity(kg/kg)
2017	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	32.8^a	54.4^a	1 964^a
	P₁₂₀	28.1^a	59.4^a	1 014^b
	P₁₈₀	20.0^b	40.2^b	677^c
	P₂₄₀	16.0^c	29.0^c	507^d
2018	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	37.8^a	80.7^a	1 965^a
	P₁₂₀	29.8^b	81.5^a	1 024^b
	P₁₈₀	21.4^c	51.6^b	680^c
	P₂₄₀	17.1^d	39.7^c	511^d
平均 Average	P₀	/	/	/
	P₆₀	35.3^a	67.5^a	1 965^a
	P₁₂₀	28.9^b	70.5^a	1 019^b
	P₁₈₀	20.7^c	45.9^b	678^c
	P₂₄₀	16.5^d	34.4^c	509^d

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	可溶性固形物 Soluble solid (%)	pH	色差 Color difference	总酸 The total of acidity (%)	茄红素 Lycopene (mg/100g)
	P₀	5.17	4.43	2.45	0.47	10.73
	P₆₀	4.86	4.47	2.53	0.44	11.80
2017	P₁₂₀	5.24	4.66	2.48	0.46	11.19
	P₁₈₀	5.04	4.54	2.52	0.44	10.62
	P₂₄₀	5.12	4.48	2.44	0.45	11.37
	显著性Significance	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
	P₀	5.01	4.33	2.57	0.48	10.86
	P₆₀	4.98	4.45	2.43	0.47	11.36
2018	P₁₂₀	5.17	4.36	2.49	0.44	11.24
	P₁₈₀	5.12	4.39	2.52	0.43	11.18
	P₂₄₀	5.09	4.47	2.51	0.46	10.67
	显著性Significance	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

年份 Year	处理 Treatment	可溶性固形物 Soluble solid (%)	pH	色差 Color difference	总酸 The total of acidity (%)	茄红素 Lycopene (mg/100g)
	P₀	5.17	4.43	2.45	0.47	10.73
	P₆₀	4.86	4.47	2.53	0.44	11.80
2017	P₁₂₀	5.24	4.66	2.48	0.46	11.19
	P₁₈₀	5.04	4.54	2.52	0.44	10.62
	P₂₄₀	5.12	4.48	2.44	0.45	11.37
	显著性Significance	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns
	P₀	5.01	4.33	2.57	0.48	10.86
	P₆₀	4.98	4.45	2.43	0.47	11.36
2018	P₁₂₀	5.17	4.36	2.49	0.44	11.24
	P₁₈₀	5.12	4.39	2.52	0.43	11.18
	P₂₄₀	5.09	4.47	2.51	0.46	10.67
	显著性Significance	ns	ns	ns	ns	ns

磷肥用量对滴灌加工番茄产量、品质及磷肥利用率的影响

Effects of the Amount of Phosphate Fertilizer on Processing Tomato Yield and P Use Efficiency by Drip Irrigation

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