基于产量反应的棉花推荐施肥效应

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.01.009

新疆农业科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 58 ›› Issue (1): 72-79.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.01.009

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·耕作栽培·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

基于产量反应的棉花推荐施肥效应

哈丽哈什·依巴提^1,2, 李传龙³, 刘欢³, 叶新宇³, 李青军^1,2, 张炎^1,2

1.新疆农业科学院土壤肥料与农业节水研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091;
2.农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091;
3.昌吉市农业推广中心,新疆昌吉 831100

收稿日期:2020-09-29 出版日期:2021-01-20 发布日期:2021-01-20
通信作者: 张炎(1965-),女,天津人,研究员,研究方向为土壤、作物养分管理与施肥技术,(E-mail)yanzhangxj@163.com
作者简介:哈丽哈什·依巴提(1987-),女,新疆人,助理研究员,研究方向为植物营养施肥,(E-mail)harlhax10@163.com
基金资助:
农业部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室开放课题(25107020-201702);国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200102)

Study on the Recommended Fertilization Effect of Cotton Based on Yield Response

Halihashi Yibati^1,2, LI Chuanlong³, LIU Huan³, YE Xinyu³, LI Qingjun^1,2, ZHANG Yan^1,2

1. Institute of Soil, Fertilizer and Agricultural Water Conservation, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation, MOARA, Urumqi 830091, China;
3. Changji Agricultural Extension Center, Changji Xinjiang 831100, China

Received:2020-09-29 Online:2021-01-20 Published:2021-01-20
Correspondence author: ZHANG Yan (1965-), female,Tianjin, Research Fellow, Research area: Crop nutrient management and fertilization techniques, (E-mail)yanzhangxj@163.com
Supported by:
The Open Fund for Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation of MOARA, (25107020-201702) and the National Key R & D Program Project (2016YFD0200102)

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】 评价棉花养分专家系统在棉花养分管理中的应用效果,比较养分专家推荐施肥对新疆昌吉棉花产量、经济效益、养分吸收和肥料利用率的影响。【方法】 通过田间试验,共设置6个处理,分别为棉花养分专家系统推荐施肥(NE)、不施氮肥(NE-N)、不施磷肥(NE-P)、不施钾肥(NE-K)、测土配方施肥(OPTS)和习惯施肥(FP)。【结果】 棉花养分专家系统推荐NE处理氮磷钾素偏生产力显著高于OPTS处理和FP处理,较OPTS处理提高11.43、7.17和4.93 kg/kg,较FP处理提高14.19、7.50和25.60 kg/kg;与 OPTS 处理相比,NE处理的氮磷素回收效率显著提高26.54和4.19个百分点,钾肥回收利用率与OPTS处理相当,与 FP 处理相比,氮钾素回收效率显著提高23.17和13.56百分点,磷肥回收利用率与 FP 处理相当,NE处理的氮磷钾农学效率,较OPTS处理显著提高2.64、2.24和4.83 kg/kg,较FP处理显著提高3.27、2.28和5.49 kg/kg。相比于OPTS和 FP 处理, NE 处理在调整氮磷钾投入比例和施用时期情况下,棉花分别增产4.72%和5.63%,分别增收5.64%和7.74%。【结论】 棉花养分专家系统优化氮、磷、钾肥的施用量和施用方法,促进了棉花对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收和利用,提高了肥料利用率,有较好的增产增收效果。

关键词: 棉花; 养分专家系统; 产量; 养分吸收; 肥料利用率

Abstract: 【Objective】 To evaluate the application effect of cotton nutrient experts system in cotton nutrient management by comparing the effects of fertilizer recommended by them on yield, economic benefit, nutrient absorption and fertilizer utilization of Changji cotton through field experiments.【Methods】 Six treatments were designed in the experiment: the fertilization (NE) recommended in nutrient expert system, no nitrogen fertilization (NE-N), no phosphorus fertilization (NE-P), no potash fertilization (NE-K), soil test formula fertilization (OPTS) and farmers' conventional fertilization (FP).【Results】 Results showed that, partial productivity of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O in the NE treatment was significantly higher than those of OPTS and FP treatment, and increased by 11.43, 7.17 and 4.93 kg/kg compared with OPTS treatment, and 14.19, 7.50 and 25.60 kg/kg compared with FP treatment. Compared with FP treatment, the recovery efficiency of N and K₂O in NE treatment was significantly increased by 23.17% and 13.56%, the recovery efficiency of P₂O₅ was approximately the same as that in FP, and the recovery efficiency of N and P₂O₅ was significantly increased by 26.54% and 4.19% compared with OPTS treatment, and the recovery efficiency of K₂O was approximately the same as that in OPTS. The agronomic efficiency of N, P₂O₅ and K₂O in the NE treatment was 3.27, 2.28 and 5.49 kg/kg, and 2.64, 2.24 and 4.83 kg/kg, respectively, higher than that of FP and OPTS. Compared with OPTS and FP treatment, NE treatment could reduce fertilizer input and balance application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, increase the yield of cotton by 4.72% and 5.63%,increased income by 5.64% and 7.74%, respectively. 【Conclusion】 To sum up, the cotton nutrient expert system optimizes the application amount and application method of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, promotes the absorption and utilization of them in cotton, improves the utilization rate of fertilizer, and has better effect of increasing cotton yields and farmer rate s' income.

Key words: cotton; nutrient expert system; yield; nutrient uptake; fertilizer utilization rate

中图分类号:

S562
S14-33

哈丽哈什·依巴提, 李传龙, 刘欢, 叶新宇, 李青军, 张炎. 基于产量反应的棉花推荐施肥效应[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(1): 72-79.

Halihashi Yibati, LI Chuanlong, LIU Huan, YE Xinyu, LI Qingjun, ZHANG Yan. Study on the Recommended Fertilization Effect of Cotton Based on Yield Response[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(1): 72-79.

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基于产量反应的棉花推荐施肥效应

Study on the Recommended Fertilization Effect of Cotton Based on Yield Response

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