7.2%萎锈灵和40%拌种灵包衣对棉花幼苗冷胁迫生理生化特征的功效比较

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.019

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 176-183.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.019

• 农产品分析检测·林业·农业信息·植物保护 • 上一篇下一篇

7.2%萎锈灵和40%拌种灵包衣对棉花幼苗冷胁迫生理生化特征的功效比较

周小云(), 雷斌(), 张军高, 梁晶, 龚静云, 周广威, 张少民, 李进

新疆农业科学院核技术生物技术研究所/新疆作物化学调控工程技术研究中心,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2023-04-28 出版日期:2024-01-20 发布日期:2024-02-21
通信作者: 雷斌(1973-),男,四川巴中人,研究员,博士,研究方向为农药研制及作物化控技术,(E-mail)leib668@xaas.ac.cn
作者简介:周小云(1977-),男,重庆人,研究员,博士,研究方向为作物化控与生物技术,(E-mail)xiaoyunzhou77@126.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题项目“萎锈灵提高棉苗耐低温冷害能力的分子作用机制”(2020D04017);国家自然科学基金项目“萎锈灵提高棉苗抗冷性的分子机制”(32060429);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目“新疆棉花生产主要气象灾害防控关键技术研究与应用”(2022B02001-2);“一带一路”农药研发基地建设项目(65000024P008758100965);新疆“天山英才”培养计划“三农”骨干人才项目

Comparative analysis of physiological and biochemical characteristics of cold tolerance of cotton seedlings coated with 7.2% carboxin and 40% amicarthiazol

ZHOU Xiaoyun(), LEI Bin(), ZHANG Jungao, LIANG Jing, GONG Jingyun, ZHOU Guangwei, ZHANG Shaomin, LI Jin

Xinjiang Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Crop Chemical Regulation / Research Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2023-04-28 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-02-21
Correspondence author: LEI Bin(1973 -),male,from Bazhong,Sichuan Province,researcher,doctor,mainly engaged in pesticide development and crop chemical control technology research,(E-mail)leib668@xaas.ac.cn
Supported by:
Open project of the key laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Molecular Action Mechanism of carboxin to Improve the Cold Damage Resistance of Cotton Seedlings"(2020D04017);National Natural Science Foundation project "Molecular Mechanism of carboxin to Improve the Cold Damage Resistance of Cotton Seedlings"(32060429);Key research and development project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region "Research and Application of Key Technologies for Prevention and Control of Major Meteorological Disasters in Cotton Production in Xinjiang"(2022B02001-2);"One Belt and One Road" Pesticide R&D base construction project(65000024P008758100965);Xinjiang "Tianshan Talents" Training Program"Three Rural"Back bone Talent Project

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究比较具有活性结构相似的2种杀菌剂萎锈灵和拌种灵包衣棉种提高棉种适应冷胁迫能力功效,分析2种杀菌剂包衣提高棉花适应冷胁迫的能力差异,及其生理作用机制,为开发提高棉花适应冷胁迫能力的新产品提供理论依据。【方法】以新疆北疆棉区主栽品种新陆早50号为材料,以基础种衣剂包衣棉种为对照,将萎锈灵和拌种灵分别添加到基础种衣剂中分别制成7.2%萎锈灵和40%拌种灵的种衣剂进行包衣,采用人工模拟低温环境(4℃/16℃)进行低温胁迫处理,观测各包衣处理对低温条件下棉花萌发、幼苗生长情况和耐冷性的生理响应。【结果】与对照比较,萎锈灵和拌种灵包衣处理的发芽势分别增加9.67%和5.33%;发芽指数分别增加12.00%和6.00%,活力指数分别增加13.33%和6.67%,电导率REC分别增加-12.5%和-3.75%,可溶性蛋白SP含量分别增加11.00%和6.00%,超氧化物岐化酶SOD活性分别增加10.67%和6.67%,冷胁迫指数CI分别降低-10.67%和-5.33%,且差异均显著;棉苗CI与REC、SP、SOD等指标呈显著相关性;萎锈灵包衣处理提高棉花幼苗生长适应冷胁迫能力优于拌种灵。【结论】在冷胁迫下,萎锈灵和拌种灵包衣处理均对棉花种子萌发和幼苗的生理特征有一定影响,能促进萌发期种子内营养物质的转化与合成,提高种子活性,从而提高种子的发芽率,通过诱导棉花幼苗细胞内部酶的活性增强,清除幼苗体内活性氧自由基,加快丙二醛MDA含量的积累,保护幼苗细胞膜结构稳定性,从而提高棉苗适应冷胁迫的能力。2种药剂中,萎锈灵种衣剂诱导棉苗适应冷胁迫效果优于拌种灵。

关键词: 萎锈灵; 拌种灵; 棉花; 冷胁迫; 生理生化特征

Abstract:

【Objective】 To compare the effects of two fungicides with similar active structure,namely,carboxin and amicarthiazol,on improving the ability of cotton seeds to withstand low temperature and cold damage,the difference between the two fungicides in improving the ability of cotton seeds to withstand low temperature and cold damage was analyzed,their physiological mechanism exploreed was preliminarily,and a theoretical basis for developing new products that can improve the ability of cotton to withstand low temperature and cold damage was provided. 【Methods】 The main cultivars of Xinlu Zao 50 cotton species in the cotton area of northern Xinjiang were used as experimental materials,and the basic seed coating agent coated cotton seeds were used as the control,and the seed coating agent of 7.2% carboxin and 40% amicarthiazol were added to the basic seed coating agent,respectively,and the low temperature stress treatment was carried out by artificial simulation of low temperature environment(4℃/16℃),and the physiological response of each coating treatment to cotton germination,seedling growth and cold tolerance under low temperature conditions was observed. 【Results】 Compared with the control,the germination potential of the coating treatment of carboxin and amicarthiazol was increased by 9.67% and 5.33%,respectively. The germination index was increased by 12.00% and 6.00%,the vitality index was increased by 13.33% and 6.67%,the relative conductivity(REC)was increased by -12.5% and -3.75%,the soluble protein(SP) content was increased by 11.00%and 6.00%,the superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity was increased by 10.67% and 6.67%,and the chilling injury index(CI) was decreased by -10.67% and -5.33%,respectively,and the differences were significant. The correlation analysis showed that the CI of cotton seedlings was significantly correlated with REC,SP,SOD and other indicators. Principal component analysis showed that the ability of cotton seedlings to adapt to cold stress was improved by the coating treatment of carboxin,which was better than that of amicarthiazol. 【Conclusion】 Under low temperature stress,the coating treatment of both carboxin and amicarthiazol has a certain impact on cotton seed germination and seedling physiological characteristics,can promote the transformation and synthesis of nutrients in the seeds during germination,improve seed activity,so as to improve seed germination rate. By inducing the activity of enzymes in cotton seedling cells to increase,eliminate active oxygen free radicals in the seedlings,and accelerate the accumulation of MDA content,It can protect the stability of cell membrane structure of cotton seedlings,so as to improve the cold tolerance of cotton seedlings. Among the two agents,the effect of carboxin seed coating agent on inducing cold resistance of cotton seedlings is better than that of amicarthiazol,which can further strengthen product development and large-scale application.

Key words: carboxin; amicarthiazol; cotton; low temperature stress; physiological and biochemical characteristics

中图分类号:

S482.8S561

周小云, 雷斌, 张军高, 梁晶, 龚静云, 周广威, 张少民, 李进. 7.2%萎锈灵和40%拌种灵包衣对棉花幼苗冷胁迫生理生化特征的功效比较[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 176-183.

ZHOU Xiaoyun, LEI Bin, ZHANG Jungao, LIANG Jing, GONG Jingyun, ZHOU Guangwei, ZHANG Shaomin, LI Jin. Comparative analysis of physiological and biochemical characteristics of cold tolerance of cotton seedlings coated with 7.2% carboxin and 40% amicarthiazol[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 176-183.

图/表 7

图1 冷胁迫下各包衣处理棉种萌发活性相关指标的比较注:CK:对照,T1:拌种灵包衣,T2:萎锈灵包衣,图中小写字母表示各处理在P<0.05水平上的差异显著性,下同

Fig.1 Comparison of relevant indicators of germination activity of cotton seeds under cold stress Note:CK:coated with inert component only,T1:seed coated with amicarthiazol,T2:seed coated with carboxin. The small letters in the figure indicate the significance of the difference between the treatments at the level of P< 0.05,the same as below

图2 冷胁迫下各包衣处理棉种干物质转移相关指标的比较

Fig.2 Comparison of dry matter transfer related indicators of cotton seeds under cold stress

图3 冷胁迫下各包衣处理棉花幼苗细胞膜系统指标的比较

Fig. 3 Comparison of cell membrane system indexes of cotton seedlings under cold stress

图4 冷胁迫下各包衣处理棉花幼苗渗透调节物质含量的比较

Fig. 4 Comparison of osmotic adjustment substance content of cotton seedlings under cold stress

图5 冷胁迫下各包衣处理棉花幼苗抗氧化酶活性和CI的比较

Fig. 5 Comparison of antioxidant enzyme activity and CI of cotton seedlings under cold stress

表1 各处理冷胁迫下棉花幼苗CI与其生理生化指标的相关性

Tab.1 Correlation Analysis of CI and Physiological and Biochemical Indexes of Cotton Seedlings

处理 Treatment	生理生化指标 Physiological and biochemical indexes
处理 Treatment	REC	MDA	SP	SS	SOD	POD	CAT
CK	0.67	0.60	0.78	0.68	0.75	0.71	0.60
T₁	0.91^*	0.64	0.75^*	0.65	0.91^*	0.79	0.65
T₂	0.89^*	0.61	0.71^*	0.75	0.90^*	0.76	0.68

表2 各处理冷胁迫下棉花生长的综合评价

Tab.2 Comprehensive evaluation of cotton growth under cold stress

处理 Treatment	因子Factor				F		排序 Sort
处理 Treatment	F₁	F₂	F₃		F		排序 Sort
CK	-0.97	0.94	-0.85	-1.69		3
T₁	1.11	-0.98	0.84	2.12		2
T₂	1.31	-0.79	0.91	3.69		1

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7.2%萎锈灵和40%拌种灵包衣对棉花幼苗冷胁迫生理生化特征的功效比较

Comparative analysis of physiological and biochemical characteristics of cold tolerance of cotton seedlings coated with 7.2% carboxin and 40% amicarthiazol

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