Effects of reducing fertilizer and applying fulvic acid on soil nutrients and peanut growth

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.12.008

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to explore the application effect of combined application of chemical fertilizer and humic acid organic fertilizer on saline soil and peanuts. 【Methods】 A peanut pot experiment is conducted. A combination of humic acid organic fertilizer and fertilizer application were applied in this experiment, and conventional fertilizer application rates were taken as a control.On the basis of basic application of humic acid organic fertilizer of 40 kg/667m², a total of 6 treatments were set up to reduce the conventional dosage of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers by 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%.And by analyzing the changes in soil nutrients, peanut plant height, lateral branch length, chlorophyll content (SPAD value), dry matter accumulation and yield of plants, and other indicators, the effects of fertilizer reduction and organic substitution fertilization models on salinization soil nutrients and peanut growth were studied.【Results】 After basic application of humic acid fertilizer, a significant reduction in fertilizer application could still maintain the normal growth of peanuts.Reducing fertilizer application by 20%-40% could significantly promote peanut growth, increase soil nutrient content, effectively improve saline soil, improve soil quality, and also increase the dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll content, number of fruit per plant, and fruit weight per plant of peanuts, thereby increasing yield.【Conclusion】 The optimal technical solution for the combination of chemical fertilizer and humic acid organic fertilizer is to reduce the application of chemical fertilizer by 20% to 40% on the basis of applying 40 kg/667m² of humic acid fertilizer.

Key words: chemical fertilizer reduction; fulvic acid; peanuts; soil nutrients; grow

摘要：

【目的】 研究化肥与黄腐酸有机肥配施对盐渍化土壤养分及花生生长的影响。【方法】 设置花生盆栽试验。试验采用黄腐酸有机肥与减量化肥配施,以常规化肥施用量为对照,在基施黄腐酸有机肥40 kg/667m²基础上,分别设减施氮磷钾化肥常规用量的20%、40%、60%、80%和100%,共设置6个处理。分析土壤养分及花生株高、侧枝长、叶绿素含量(SPAD值)、干物质积累量和产量等指标,研究化肥减量、有机替代施肥模式对盐渍化土壤养分及花生生长的影响。【结果】 基施黄腐酸肥料后,大幅度减施化肥依然可维持花生的正常生长,减施20%~40%化肥可明显促进花生生长,提高土壤养分含量,有效改良盐渍化土壤,提高土壤质量,同时也提高了花生的干物质积累量、叶绿素含量、单株结果数和单株果实重,提高产量。【结论】 化肥与黄腐酸有机肥配施的优选技术方案为在施用40 kg/667m²黄腐酸肥料的基础上,减施20%~40%化肥。

关键词: 化肥减量, 黄腐酸, 花生, 土壤养分, 生长

CLC Number:

S565.2

SUN Chen, HUAI Guolong, WANG Bin, SUN Jiusheng, YANG Zhiying, SHAN Nana. Effects of reducing fertilizer and applying fulvic acid on soil nutrients and peanut growth[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(12): 2934-2942.

孙晨, 槐国龙, 王斌, 孙九胜, 杨志莹, 单娜娜. 化肥减量配施黄腐酸对盐渍化土壤养分及花生生长的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(12): 2934-2942.

Figures/Tables 13

References 23

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项目 Items	数值 Value
pH值pH value (g/kg)	7.27
总盐Total salt(g/kg)	14.3
有机质Organic matter(g/kg)	77
碱解氮Alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen(mg/kg)	113.5
有效磷Available phosphorus(mg/kg)	42.43
速效钾Available potassium(mg/kg)	121

项目 Items	数值 Value
pH值pH value (g/kg)	7.27
总盐Total salt(g/kg)	14.3
有机质Organic matter(g/kg)	77
碱解氮Alkali hydrolyzable nitrogen(mg/kg)	113.5
有效磷Available phosphorus(mg/kg)	42.43
速效钾Available potassium(mg/kg)	121

处理 Treatments	化肥比例 Chemical fertilizer (%)	尿素 Urea (g/盆)	过磷酸钙 Calcium superphosphate (g/盆)	硫酸钾 Potassium sulfate (g/盆)	乐钙 Lecalcic (g/盆)	生化黄腐酸 Biochemical fulvic acid(g/盆)
CK	100	8.213	10.267	5.867	2.933	0
T₁	80	6.571	8.213	4.693	2.347	23.467
T₂	60	4.928	6.16	3.52	1.76	23.467
T₃	40	3.285	4.107	2.347	1.173	23.467
T₄	20	1.643	2.053	1.173	0.587	23.467
T₅	0	0	0	0	0	23.467

处理 Treatments	化肥比例 Chemical fertilizer (%)	尿素 Urea (g/盆)	过磷酸钙 Calcium superphosphate (g/盆)	硫酸钾 Potassium sulfate (g/盆)	乐钙 Lecalcic (g/盆)	生化黄腐酸 Biochemical fulvic acid(g/盆)
CK	100	8.213	10.267	5.867	2.933	0
T₁	80	6.571	8.213	4.693	2.347	23.467
T₂	60	4.928	6.16	3.52	1.76	23.467
T₃	40	3.285	4.107	2.347	1.173	23.467
T₄	20	1.643	2.053	1.173	0.587	23.467
T₅	0	0	0	0	0	23.467

处理 Treatments	单株结果数(个) Number of results per plant(piece)	单株饱果数(个) Number of full fruits per plant(piece)	单株饱果重 Full fruit weight per plant(g)	单株秕果重 Weight of single plant blighted fruit(g)	单株果实重 Fruit weight per plant(g)	结实率 Seed setting rate(%)
CK	38±2.56^b	31.59±4.56^b	61.04±5.23^b	6.41±1.23^a	67.45±5.23^b	65.1
T₁	41±3.61^a	38.76±2.51^a	74.12±9.41^a	2.24±1.96^c	76.36±9.41^a	76.7
T₂	44±3.94^a	40.35±1.19^a	78.03±6.68^a	3.65±0.87^c	81.68±6.68^a	80.3
T₃	36±4.68^b	31.54±2.37^b	64.06±3.93^b	4.46±1.45^b	68.52±3.93^b	75.9
T₄	32±2.85^b	28.12±3.59^b	55.73±4.78^b	3.88±0.67^bc	59.61±4.78^b	61.3
T₅	29±1.42^b	26.27±5.73^b	44.21±7.37^c	2.73±1.64^c	46.94±7.37^c	61.3