The effects of different adsorbents in alleviating drug injury of wheat

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.11.019

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 Biochar and fly ash on wheat growth and development under the stress of dimetolalin by using them as adsorbents.【Methods】 Through field potted plants,to study the effects of insect dung sand,three kinds of adsorbent doses of insect dung sand (1,500,3,000 kg/hm²), biochar (300, 600 kg/hm²), fly ash (6,000 kg/hm²) were combined with dodecamethium (150 kg/hm²), bacterioline (6 kg/hm²), humic acid (3 kg/hm²), and herbicides CK and water CK were treated with a total of 25 treatments.【Results】 The results showed that the inhibition rate of height of medical treatment of 3,000 kg/hm +150 kg/hm was the lowest among all treatment groups, which was -2.99%.The inhibition rate of plant height was -3.10%, which was significantly higher than that of herbicide CK and that of water CK.In terms of stem diameter, 1,500 kg/hm² worm sand +150 kg/hm² dodecobacterium was the best, and the stem diameter reached 2.56cm.In terms of chlorophyll index, the SPAD value of 300 kg/hm² biochar +6kg/hm² bacteria under the field was the highest (45.76), followed by the SPAD value of 3,000 kg/hm² insect dung sand (45.56), both of which were higher than those of the two control groups.The highest single pot yield was 3000 kg/hm² insect dung sand, followed by 3,000 kg/hm² insect dung sand + Decardiac medicine, which was 60.01% and 54.59% higher than that of herbicide CK.Compared with CK water, it was 52.50% and 47.33% higher.【Conclusion】 It was shown that the combination of adsorbent and microbe could promote the growth, development and yield of wheat under the stress of dimepenalline.The treatments of 3,000 kg/hm² insect dung sand +150 kg/hm² twelve fungus medicine and 3,000 kg/hm² insect dung sand +6 kg/hm² bacteria in the field could significantly increase the plant height of wheat.The effect of dimepenalline on wheat is alleviated.Medical treatment with 3,000 kg/hm²insect dung sand and 3,000 kg/hm² insect dung sand +150 kg/hm² decadicum significantly increase wheat yield.

Key words: potosia brevitarsis insect dung sand; adsorbent; alleviating drug damage; wheat

摘要：

【目的】探究其对受二甲戊乐灵胁迫下小麦生长发育的影响。【方法】采用田间盆栽的方式,以虫砂、生物炭以及粉煤灰作为吸附剂,复配微生物菌剂的方式,设计不同施用量的虫砂(1 500、3 000 kg/hm²)、不同施用量的生物炭(300、600 kg/hm²)、粉煤灰(6 000 kg/hm²)三种吸附剂复配十二菌医(150 kg/hm²)、菌淋田下(6 kg/hm²)、腐植酸(3 kg/hm²),设置除草剂CK、清水CK 2组对照组,共25个处理。【结果】3 000 kg/hm²虫砂+150 kg/hm²十二菌医处理小麦株高抑制率为所有处理组中最低的,为-2.99%;其次为3 000 kg/hm²虫砂+6 kg/hm²菌淋田下,小麦株高抑制率为-3.10%,其小麦株高均显著高于除草剂CK,且高于清水CK,茎粗为1 500 kg/hm²虫砂+150 kg/hm²十二菌医最优,茎粗达到2.56 cm。叶绿素指标上,300 kg/hm²生物炭+6 kg/hm²菌淋田下的SPAD值最高,为45.76,其次是3 000 kg/hm²虫砂,SPAD值为45.56,均高于2组对照组。盆栽单盆产量最高的为3 000 kg/hm²虫砂,其次为3 000 kg/hm²虫砂+十二菌医,相比除草剂CK高出60.01%、54.59%。相比清水CK高出52.50%、47.33%。【结论】吸附剂复配微生物的方式可以促进二甲戊乐灵胁迫下小麦的生长发育及产量,3 000 kg/hm²虫砂+150 kg/hm²十二菌医、3 000 kg/hm²虫砂+6 kg/hm²菌淋田下2组处理均可显著增加小麦株高,缓解二甲戊乐灵对小麦的药害影响,3 000kg/hm²虫砂、3 000kg/hm²虫砂+150 kg/hm²十二菌医处理显著提高小麦产量。

关键词: 白星花金龟虫砂, 吸附剂, 缓解药害, 小麦

CLC Number:

S512

Aihemaitijiang Maimaiti, YAN Yu, ZHANG Guangjie, XU Andong, ZHANG Shuai, MENG Zhuo, FU Rao, MA Deying. The effects of different adsorbents in alleviating drug injury of wheat[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(11): 2779-2786.

艾合买提江·买买提, 颜宇, 张广杰, 徐安东, 张帅, 孟卓, 付饶, 马德英. 不同吸附剂缓解二甲戊乐灵对小麦药害的效果[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(11): 2779-2786.

Figures/Tables 6

References 21

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序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	拔节期Jointing stage		扬花期Anthesis
序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	株高 Plant height (cm)	株高抑制率 Plant height inhibition rate (%)	株高 Plant height (cm)	株高抑制率 Plant height inhibition rate (%)
1	清水CK	41.15+1.08^a	0.00	46.15+0.75^abc	0.00
2	除草剂CK	33.5+0.63^d	18.59	38.15+1.01^f	17.33
3	十二菌医	36.09+2.53^abcd	12.29	40.33+1.24^def	12.61
4	菌淋田下	38.31+1.03^abcd	6.90	40.56+0.74^def	12.11
5	腐植酸	34.72+1.34^bcd	15.63	40.96+0.84^cdef	11.25
6	半量虫砂	35.76+1.14^abcd	13.09	42.93+0.79^abcdef	6.98
7	全量虫砂	38.23+1.07^abcd	7.10	42.45+0.68^abcdef	8.02
8	半量虫砂+十二菌医	38.45+1.06^abcd	6.55	46.71+0.86^ab	-1.21
9	全量虫砂+十二菌医	40.11+1.02^ab	2.53	47.58+1.69^a	-3.10
10	半量虫砂+菌淋田下	40.2+1.19^ab	2.30	44.95+0.85^abcd	2.60
11	全量虫砂+菌淋田下	40.39+1.72^ab	1.85	47.53+1.21^a	-2.99
12	半量虫砂+腐植酸	33.83+0.71^cd	17.78	39.89+2.06^def	13.56
13	全量虫砂+腐植酸	37.35+0.86^abcd	9.24	39.56+0.92^ef	14.28
14	半量生物炭	34.52+1.09^bcd	16.11	38.34+0.8^f	16.92
15	全量生物炭	34.59+1.2^bcd	15.94	41.99+0.65^bcdef	9.01
16	半量生物炭+十二菌医	35.81+0.84^abcd	12.97	41.56+0.76^cdef	9.95
17	全量生物炭+十二菌医	37.86+1.15^abcd	8.00	42.62+1.11^abcdef	7.65
18	半量生物炭+菌淋田下	38.93+0.89^abcd	5.38	47.46+0.96^a	-2.84
19	全量生物炭+菌淋田下	39.74+0.79^abc	3.41	47.2+1.17^a	-2.28
20	半量生物炭+腐植酸	33.08+1.64^d	19.61	40.31+0.65^def	12.65
21	全量生物炭+腐植酸	35.65+1.52^abcd	13.37	39.03+0.73^ef	15.43
22	粉煤灰	33.69+1.01^cd	18.13	42.38+1.56^abcdef	8.17
23	粉煤灰+十二菌医	36.41+1.25^abcd	11.51	40.95+0.76^cdef	11.27
24	粉煤灰+菌淋田下	34.59+0.61^bcd	15.93	44.35+1.05^abcde	3.90
25	粉煤灰+腐植酸	34.25+0.98^bcd	16.76	41.46+1.2^cdef	10.16

序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	拔节期Jointing stage		扬花期Anthesis
序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	株高 Plant height (cm)	株高抑制率 Plant height inhibition rate (%)	株高 Plant height (cm)	株高抑制率 Plant height inhibition rate (%)
1	清水CK	41.15+1.08^a	0.00	46.15+0.75^abc	0.00
2	除草剂CK	33.5+0.63^d	18.59	38.15+1.01^f	17.33
3	十二菌医	36.09+2.53^abcd	12.29	40.33+1.24^def	12.61
4	菌淋田下	38.31+1.03^abcd	6.90	40.56+0.74^def	12.11
5	腐植酸	34.72+1.34^bcd	15.63	40.96+0.84^cdef	11.25
6	半量虫砂	35.76+1.14^abcd	13.09	42.93+0.79^abcdef	6.98
7	全量虫砂	38.23+1.07^abcd	7.10	42.45+0.68^abcdef	8.02
8	半量虫砂+十二菌医	38.45+1.06^abcd	6.55	46.71+0.86^ab	-1.21
9	全量虫砂+十二菌医	40.11+1.02^ab	2.53	47.58+1.69^a	-3.10
10	半量虫砂+菌淋田下	40.2+1.19^ab	2.30	44.95+0.85^abcd	2.60
11	全量虫砂+菌淋田下	40.39+1.72^ab	1.85	47.53+1.21^a	-2.99
12	半量虫砂+腐植酸	33.83+0.71^cd	17.78	39.89+2.06^def	13.56
13	全量虫砂+腐植酸	37.35+0.86^abcd	9.24	39.56+0.92^ef	14.28
14	半量生物炭	34.52+1.09^bcd	16.11	38.34+0.8^f	16.92
15	全量生物炭	34.59+1.2^bcd	15.94	41.99+0.65^bcdef	9.01
16	半量生物炭+十二菌医	35.81+0.84^abcd	12.97	41.56+0.76^cdef	9.95
17	全量生物炭+十二菌医	37.86+1.15^abcd	8.00	42.62+1.11^abcdef	7.65
18	半量生物炭+菌淋田下	38.93+0.89^abcd	5.38	47.46+0.96^a	-2.84
19	全量生物炭+菌淋田下	39.74+0.79^abc	3.41	47.2+1.17^a	-2.28
20	半量生物炭+腐植酸	33.08+1.64^d	19.61	40.31+0.65^def	12.65
21	全量生物炭+腐植酸	35.65+1.52^abcd	13.37	39.03+0.73^ef	15.43
22	粉煤灰	33.69+1.01^cd	18.13	42.38+1.56^abcdef	8.17
23	粉煤灰+十二菌医	36.41+1.25^abcd	11.51	40.95+0.76^cdef	11.27
24	粉煤灰+菌淋田下	34.59+0.61^bcd	15.93	44.35+1.05^abcde	3.90
25	粉煤灰+腐植酸	34.25+0.98^bcd	16.76	41.46+1.2^cdef	10.16

序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	穗数(穗/盆) Panicle number (Ear /pot)	穗长 Panicle length (cm)	穗粒数(粒) Kernel number per spike (grain)	千粒重 Thousand grain weight (g)	产量 (g/盆) Yield (g/pot)
1	清水CK	30.6±2.77^cde	9.91±0.27^bcde	18.1±1.02^abcd	0.41±0.02^ab	227.23±21.15^c
2	除草剂CK	28.4±1.69^de	9.7±0.3^cde	18.5±1.81^abcd	0.42±0.02^ab	216.56±10.63^c
3	十二菌医	30.8±3.04^cde	9.24±0.28^cde	19.3±1.56^abcd	0.39±0.02^ab	235±29.26^bc
4	菌淋田下	31.4±2.91^bcde	9.02±0.23^de	18.1±1.89^abcd	0.4±0.01^ab	225.96±17.67^c
5	腐植酸	33.4±2.23^abcde	9.76±0.22^bcde	17.1±1.29^bcd	0.42±0.02^ab	237.86±14.3^bc
6	半量虫砂	29.8±2.27^de	8.61±0.27^de	18.8±1.76^abcd	0.44±0.02^a	243.57±19.03^bc
7	全量虫砂	38±2.39^abc	8.65±0.22^de	22.4±2.12^ab	0.41±0.02^ab	346.53±20.88^a
8	半量虫砂+十二菌医	34.6±2.32^abcde	10.31±0.26^abcd	19.9±1.52^abcd	0.44±0.01^a	302.64±19.79^abc
9	全量虫砂+十二菌医	35.4±1.75^abcde	10.73±0.22^abc	21.9±1.44^abc	0.41±0.02^ab	334.8±17.92^ab
10	半量虫砂+菌淋田下	38.6±0.98^ab	10.38±0.28^abcd	20.8±1.52^abc	0.42±0.01^ab	313.74±26.62^abc
11	全量虫砂+菌淋田下	35.2±0.86^abcde	10.83±0.21^ab	21.1±1.79^abc	0.39±0.01^ab	293.46±16.68^abc
12	半量虫砂+腐植酸	28.2±1.96^e	10.47±0.24^abcd	20.1±1^abcd	0.41±0.02^ab	228.62±11.86^c
13	全量虫砂+腐植酸	33.4±2.25^abcde	10.37±0.27^abcd	20.4±1.61^abcd	0.4±0.02^ab	275.6±31.08^abc
14	半量生物炭	33±3.08^abcde	8.24±0.2^e	17.5±0.85^bcd	0.4±0.01^ab	228.34±18.03^c
15	全量生物炭	29.2±2.94^de	9.39±0.19^cde	17.1±1.82^bcd	0.42±0.01^ab	208±21.4^c
16	半量生物炭+十二菌医	36.2±1.66^abcd	10.34±0.3^abcd	16.9±1.89^bcd	0.41±0.02^ab	211.4±5.6^c
17	全量生物炭+十二菌医	28.2±1.36^e	10.33±0.36^abcd	15.2±1.19^d	0.39±0.01^ab	239.07±19.15^bc
18	半量生物炭+菌淋田下	35.4±1.36^abcde	11.01±0.21^a	20.5±0.85^abcd	0.4±0.02^ab	298.11±30.73^abc
19	全量生物炭+菌淋田下	35.6±3.08^abcde	9.67±0.24^cde	21.3±1.82^abc	0.37±0.01^b	289.42±21.89^abc
20	半量生物炭+腐植酸	32.2±2.13^bcde	9.82±0.29^bcde	17.2±0.89^bcd	0.4±0.02^ab	224.32±23.38^c
21	全量生物炭+腐植酸	29.2±1.53^de	9.93±0.22^bcde	19.1±0.85^abcd	0.44±0.02^a	225.31±15.51^c
22	粉煤灰	34±2.02^abcde	8.71±0.27^de	18.5±1.51^abcd	0.42±0.02^ab	269.8±17.83^abc
23	粉煤灰+十二菌医	40±1.14^a	18.82±5.76^abcd	15.5±1.25^cd	0.41±0.02^ab	256.56±13.09^abc
24	粉煤灰+菌淋田下	30±3.56^de	10.98±0.31^a	22.8±1.23^a	0.43±0.02^ab	252.89±19.09^abc
25	粉煤灰+腐植酸	28.6±2.87^de	10.09±0.27^abcd	18.4±0.88^abcd	0.43±0.01^a	227.02±20.32^c

序号 Serial number	处理 Treatments	穗数(穗/盆) Panicle number (Ear /pot)	穗长 Panicle length (cm)	穗粒数(粒) Kernel number per spike (grain)	千粒重 Thousand grain weight (g)	产量 (g/盆) Yield (g/pot)
1	清水CK	30.6±2.77^cde	9.91±0.27^bcde	18.1±1.02^abcd	0.41±0.02^ab	227.23±21.15^c
2	除草剂CK	28.4±1.69^de	9.7±0.3^cde	18.5±1.81^abcd	0.42±0.02^ab	216.56±10.63^c
3	十二菌医	30.8±3.04^cde	9.24±0.28^cde	19.3±1.56^abcd	0.39±0.02^ab	235±29.26^bc
4	菌淋田下	31.4±2.91^bcde	9.02±0.23^de	18.1±1.89^abcd	0.4±0.01^ab	225.96±17.67^c
5	腐植酸	33.4±2.23^abcde	9.76±0.22^bcde	17.1±1.29^bcd	0.42±0.02^ab	237.86±14.3^bc
6	半量虫砂	29.8±2.27^de	8.61±0.27^de	18.8±1.76^abcd	0.44±0.02^a	243.57±19.03^bc
7	全量虫砂	38±2.39^abc	8.65±0.22^de	22.4±2.12^ab	0.41±0.02^ab	346.53±20.88^a
8	半量虫砂+十二菌医	34.6±2.32^abcde	10.31±0.26^abcd	19.9±1.52^abcd	0.44±0.01^a	302.64±19.79^abc
9	全量虫砂+十二菌医	35.4±1.75^abcde	10.73±0.22^abc	21.9±1.44^abc	0.41±0.02^ab	334.8±17.92^ab
10	半量虫砂+菌淋田下	38.6±0.98^ab	10.38±0.28^abcd	20.8±1.52^abc	0.42±0.01^ab	313.74±26.62^abc
11	全量虫砂+菌淋田下	35.2±0.86^abcde	10.83±0.21^ab	21.1±1.79^abc	0.39±0.01^ab	293.46±16.68^abc
12	半量虫砂+腐植酸	28.2±1.96^e	10.47±0.24^abcd	20.1±1^abcd	0.41±0.02^ab	228.62±11.86^c
13	全量虫砂+腐植酸	33.4±2.25^abcde	10.37±0.27^abcd	20.4±1.61^abcd	0.4±0.02^ab	275.6±31.08^abc
14	半量生物炭	33±3.08^abcde	8.24±0.2^e	17.5±0.85^bcd	0.4±0.01^ab	228.34±18.03^c
15	全量生物炭	29.2±2.94^de	9.39±0.19^cde	17.1±1.82^bcd	0.42±0.01^ab	208±21.4^c
16	半量生物炭+十二菌医	36.2±1.66^abcd	10.34±0.3^abcd	16.9±1.89^bcd	0.41±0.02^ab	211.4±5.6^c
17	全量生物炭+十二菌医	28.2±1.36^e	10.33±0.36^abcd	15.2±1.19^d	0.39±0.01^ab	239.07±19.15^bc
18	半量生物炭+菌淋田下	35.4±1.36^abcde	11.01±0.21^a	20.5±0.85^abcd	0.4±0.02^ab	298.11±30.73^abc
19	全量生物炭+菌淋田下	35.6±3.08^abcde	9.67±0.24^cde	21.3±1.82^abc	0.37±0.01^b	289.42±21.89^abc
20	半量生物炭+腐植酸	32.2±2.13^bcde	9.82±0.29^bcde	17.2±0.89^bcd	0.4±0.02^ab	224.32±23.38^c
21	全量生物炭+腐植酸	29.2±1.53^de	9.93±0.22^bcde	19.1±0.85^abcd	0.44±0.02^a	225.31±15.51^c
22	粉煤灰	34±2.02^abcde	8.71±0.27^de	18.5±1.51^abcd	0.42±0.02^ab	269.8±17.83^abc
23	粉煤灰+十二菌医	40±1.14^a	18.82±5.76^abcd	15.5±1.25^cd	0.41±0.02^ab	256.56±13.09^abc
24	粉煤灰+菌淋田下	30±3.56^de	10.98±0.31^a	22.8±1.23^a	0.43±0.02^ab	252.89±19.09^abc
25	粉煤灰+腐植酸	28.6±2.87^de	10.09±0.27^abcd	18.4±0.88^abcd	0.43±0.01^a	227.02±20.32^c