Effects of optimal fertilization and organic fertilizer application on the yield and quality of oriental melon

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.08.017

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of reducing fertilizer application and increasing organic earthworm manure application on continuous cultivation of muskmelon in the hope of providing basic data for fertilization reduction and efficiency improvement in muskmelon production. 【Methods】 A new melon variety Huangmengcui was used as the material to study the effects of reducing chemical fertilizer and increasing organic vermicompost fertilizer on physiology, photosynthesis, yield, quality and root-tie nematode of continuous cropping melon. 【Results】 Compared with conventional fertilization, the vine length, fresh vine weight, dry vine weight, fresh root weight and dry root weight of T₂ treatment were increased by 26.3%, 39.9%, 23.5%, 80.6% and 53.3%, respectively. The net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate treated with T₂ were increased by 38.6%, 45.4% and 66.1% compared with the control, respectively, and the differences were significant. The comprehensive analysis of yield index and quality index showed that the key quality index of melon reached the maximum under T₂ treatment, which was significantly different from the control. 【Conclusion】 T₂(Earthworm organic fertilizer 300 kg/667m²+compound fertilizer 50 kg/667m²) treatment has the best comprehensive performance, which can be used as a reference for continuous cultivation of melon fertilization.

Key words: melon; compost from earthworm; continuous cultivation of melon; quality; Meloidogyne incognita

摘要：

【目的】研究减施化肥增施蚯蚓粪有机肥对连作甜瓜产量及品质的影响,为甜瓜生产中减施化肥增效提供基础数据。【方法】以甜瓜品种黄梦脆为材料,在优化施肥基础上配施4个蚯蚓粪有机肥梯度处理,研究减施化肥增施蚯蚓粪有机肥对连作甜瓜生理、光合特性、产量、品质和线虫根结数量的影响。【结果】相较于常规施肥,T₂处理的蔓长、蔓鲜重、蔓干重、根鲜重、根干重较对照分别增加了26.3%、39.9%、23.5%、80.6%和53.3%;光合指标T₂处理的净光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾速率较对照分别提升了38.6%、45.4%和66.1%,与对照差异显著;甜瓜品质关键指标在T₂处理下达到最大,与对照差异显著。【结论】T₂处理(蚯蚓粪有机肥300 kg/667m²+复合肥50 kg/667m²)综合表现最佳,可作为连作甜瓜施肥。

关键词: 甜瓜, 蚯蚓粪有机肥, 连作甜瓜, 品质, 线虫

CLC Number:

S652

CHEN Jihao, ZHANG Hao, LIANG Qigan, FU Xiaofa, ZHANG Xuejun, MAO Jiancai. Effects of optimal fertilization and organic fertilizer application on the yield and quality of oriental melon[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1969-1975.

陈积豪, 张浩, 梁其干, 符小发, 张学军, 毛建才. 减施化肥增施蚯蚓粪有机肥对连作甜瓜的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(8): 1969-1975.

Figures/Tables 6

References 23

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处理 Treatments	蚯蚓粪有机肥 Compost from earthworm (kg/667 m²)	复合肥 Compound fertilizer (kg/667 m²)
CK	0	70
T₁	200	60
T₂	300	50
T₃	400	40
T₄	500	0

处理 Treatments	蚯蚓粪有机肥 Compost from earthworm (kg/667 m²)	复合肥 Compound fertilizer (kg/667 m²)
CK	0	70
T₁	200	60
T₂	300	50
T₃	400	40
T₄	500	0

处理 Treatments	蔓长 Vine length (cm)	蔓鲜重 Vine fresh weight (g)	根鲜重 Root fresh weight (g)	蔓干重 Vine dry weight (g)	根干重 Root dry weight (g)
CK	261.5±3.21^c	675.8±0.89^d	10.8±1.21^d	104.1±0.64^d	1.5±0.05^bc
T₁	286.5±4.67^bc	746.5±0.67^c	12.4±0.98^c	110.8±0.08^c	1.6±0.67^bc
T₂	330.2±2.86^a	945.3±0.05^a	19.5±0.25^a	128.6±0.67^a	2.3±0.33^a
T₃	284.6±1.73^bc	810.7±0.43^b	17.6±0.62^b	115.6±0.43^bc	1.8±0.28^b
T₄	272.5±4.26^b	644.5±0.26^d	10.2±0.54^d	98.5±0.26^d	1.0±0.56^d

处理 Treatments	蔓长 Vine length (cm)	蔓鲜重 Vine fresh weight (g)	根鲜重 Root fresh weight (g)	蔓干重 Vine dry weight (g)	根干重 Root dry weight (g)
CK	261.5±3.21^c	675.8±0.89^d	10.8±1.21^d	104.1±0.64^d	1.5±0.05^bc
T₁	286.5±4.67^bc	746.5±0.67^c	12.4±0.98^c	110.8±0.08^c	1.6±0.67^bc
T₂	330.2±2.86^a	945.3±0.05^a	19.5±0.25^a	128.6±0.67^a	2.3±0.33^a
T₃	284.6±1.73^bc	810.7±0.43^b	17.6±0.62^b	115.6±0.43^bc	1.8±0.28^b
T₄	272.5±4.26^b	644.5±0.26^d	10.2±0.54^d	98.5±0.26^d	1.0±0.56^d

处理 Treatments	纵径 Longitudinal Diameter (cm)	横径 Transverse diameter (cm)	种腔 Seed cavity (cm)	边糖 Edge sugar	心糖 Center sugar	维生素C Vitamin C	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein
CK	15.4±1.05^b	12.6±1.21^c	5.4±1.02^a	10.6±0.45^b	14.3±0.55^b	0.56±0.89^c	0.73±0.65^d
T₁	15.8±0.92^b	13.3±1.33^b	5.1±0.99^a	11.3±0.51^a	15.2±0.46^a	0.63±0.97^b	0.82±0.75^c
T₂	16.7±0.87^a	15.1±1.07^a	5.3±1.04^a	11.7±0.82^a	15.8±0.21^a	0.77±0.84^a	0.95±0.72^a
T₃	16.8±0.96^a	13.2±0.98^b	5.2±0.86^a	10.8±0.67^b	14.9±0.84^a	0.75±0.62^a	0.90±0.93^a
T₄	15.3±0.89^b	13.0±1.01^b	5.1±1.24^a	11.0±0.93^b	14.5±0.51^b	0.70±0.73^a	0.87±0.87^b