Abstract:

【Objective】 This paper analyzes the industry foundation, planting scale, planting varieties and planting mode of Jiashi melon in Xinjiang, expounds the development status of Jiashi melon industry, discusses the development countermeasures of Jiashi melon industry, and provides reference for the sustainable and healthy development of Jiashi melon industry.【Methods】 The data of literature retrieval, collection, collation and field investigation were used, and the data were analyzed by bibliometrics and statistics. 【Results】 In recent years, the planting area of Jiashi melon in Xinjiang was stable at 13,000 hm² annually, and reached 18,700 hm² at peak. The main varieties of the cultivated Jiashi melon are Xinmiza 11 (86-1), Jiashi Melon 2, Bishekqi (Old Han melon), Honeydew melon and Karakusse. The main planting modes of Jishi melon include small arch shed seed planting, simple double mode cover seed planting, facility spring early planting, small arch shed seedling transplanting, wheat stubble planting and open field seed planting.【Conclusion】 Jiashi melon is the pillar industry of agriculture in Jiashi County, and its industrial level is highly representative in southern Xinjiang production areas. Xinmiza No. 11 (86-1) and Jiashigua No. 2 are the main varieties of local commercial melon production. The two modes of small arch shed seed planting and simple double mode cover seed planting can advance the maturity of melon appropriately, accounting for more than 95% of the planted area of Jiashi melon.

Key words: Jiashi melon; the state of the industry; variety; planting patterns

摘要：

【目的】从新疆伽师瓜产业基础、种植规模、种植品种、种植模式等方面,阐述伽师瓜产业发展现状,探讨伽师瓜产业发展对策,为伽师瓜产业持续健康发展提供参考。【方法】采用文献资料检索、收集、整理及实地调研等数据,运用文献计量学及统计学方法分析数据。【结果】近年来新疆伽师瓜种植面积每年稳定在13 000 hm²,高峰时可达18 700 hm²。种植的伽师瓜品种主要有新密杂11号(86-1)、伽师瓜2号、比谢克其(老汉瓜)、白兰瓜和卡拉库赛等。伽师瓜的种植模式主要有小拱棚种子直播种植、简易双膜覆盖种子直播种植、设施春提早种植、小拱棚育苗移栽种植、麦茬复播种植和露地种子直播种植等。【结论】伽师瓜是伽师县农业支柱产业,其产业水平在南疆产区具有高度代表性。新密杂11号(86-1)、伽师瓜2号是当地商品瓜生产的主栽品种,小拱棚种子直播种植、简易双膜覆盖种子直播种植2种模式可以适当提前甜瓜成熟期,占伽师瓜种植面积95%以上。

关键词: 伽师瓜, 产业现状, 品种, 种植模式