Abstract:

【Objective】 In order to comprehensively analyze the effects of deficit irrigation on the yield and water use efficiency of major crops in northern China. 【Methods】 In this study, meta-analysis was used to quantitatively analyze the changes of crop yield and water use efficiency after deficit irrigation, and subgroup analysis was performed to analyze the changes of different regions, crops, precipitation and irrigation methods. 【Results】 Insufficient irrigation significantly reduced crop yield in northern China, with an average yield reduction rate of 6.66%, and the average yield reduction rate in northeast China was the most significant, reaching 9.43%. The water use efficiency of crops was significantly improved, with an average improvement rate of 10.59%. The water use efficiency in northwest China was the most significant, reaching 12.70%, while the water use efficiency in northeast China did not improve significantly. The yield of different crops, wheat, corn and cotton, the highest yield reduction rate of cotton was 10.67%, and the water use efficiency was significantly improved, and the highest increase rate of cotton reached 15.63%. There was a significant yield reduction effect in different precipitation ranges, and the yield decreased by 10.74% in the 200-400 mm range, but the water use efficiency in this interval did not improve significantly. The yield under traditional ground irrigation, drip irrigation and submembrane drip irrigation were significantly reduced, the yield reduction rate of drip irrigation was up to 8.93%, the water use efficiency was significantly improved, and the WUE improvement rate under drip irrigation was up to 15.95%. 【Conclusion】 The results show that deficit irrigation can significantly improve crop water use efficiency and significantly reduce crop yield, but the effect is different under different planting areas, crop species, climatic conditions and irrigation methods.

Key words: meta-analysis; deficit irrigation; yield; water use efficiency

摘要：

【目的】综合分析亏缺灌溉对我国北方地区主要作物产量和水分利用效率的影响。【方法】应用Meta分析法,定量分析亏缺灌溉后作物产量和水分利用效率的变化,通过亚组分析不同区域、作物、降水量及灌溉方式下的变化。【结果】亏缺灌溉显著降低了我国北方地区作物产量,平均减产率6.66%,东北地区平均减产率最为显著,达9.43%;显著提高了作物水分利用效率,平均提升率10.59%,西北地区水分利用效率提升最为显著,达到12.70%,而东北地区水分利用效率无显著提升;小麦、玉米和棉花均显著减产,棉花减产率最高为10.67%;水分利用效率均显著提升,棉花水分利用效率提升率最高,达到了15.63%;在不同降水量区间存在显著减产效应,200~400 mm区间内减产10.74%,而在此区间内水分利用效率并无显著提升;传统地面灌、滴灌和膜下滴灌下产量均显著降低,滴灌减产率最高为8.93%,水分利用效率均显著提升,滴灌下WUE提升率最高为15.95%。【结论】亏缺灌溉可显著提升作物水分利用效率,显著降低作物产量,但在不同种植区域、作物种类、气候条件和灌溉方式下作用效果各不相同。

关键词: Meta分析, 亏缺灌溉, 产量, 水分利用效率