Effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on sunflower yield and relativity

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.007

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (1): 55-62.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.01.007

• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Soil Fertilizer • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on sunflower yield and relativity

WANG Heya¹(), LUO Jingjing¹(), AI Haifeng¹, LI Huaisheng¹, MENG Ling¹, WANG Peng²

1. Agricultural Science Institute(Institute of Animal Science) of the Ninth Division of XPCC, Tacheng Xinjiang 834600,China
2. Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation Sciences,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000,China

Received:2023-05-06 Online:2024-01-20 Published:2024-02-21
Correspondence author: LUO Jingjing(1989-),female,Fugou Country,Henan Province,research associate,master,research direction:crop cultivation and crop pests and diseases,(E-mail)860220521@qq.com
Supported by:
The Corps tackles key scientific and technological problems in key areas"The integration and demonstration of key technologies for improving the quality and efficiency of food sunflowers in the northern Xinjiang border group field"(2021AB011);XPCC Science and Technology Special Project"Standardized Planting and Application Demonstration and Promotion of Aoi in Taeken District"(2022CB023)

种植密度与减量施肥对食葵产量及相关性的影响

王贺亚¹(), 罗静静¹(), 艾海峰¹, 李怀胜¹, 孟玲¹, 王鹏²

1.新疆生产建设兵团第九师农业科学研究所(畜牧科学研究所),新疆塔城 834600
2.新疆农垦科学院,新疆石河子 832000

通讯作者: 罗静静(1989-),女,河南扶沟人,副研究员,硕士,研究方向为作物栽培与作物病虫害,(E-mail)860220521@qq.com
作者简介:王贺亚(1992-),男,河南上蔡人,助理研究员,研究方向为作物栽培与水肥一体化,(E-mail)1209399827@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆生产建设兵团重点领域科技攻关项目“北疆边境团场食葵提质增效关键技术集成与示范”(2021AB011);新疆生产建设兵团科技特派项目“塔额垦区食葵标准化种植与应用示范推广”(2022CB023)

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to explore the effects of the interaction between planting density and reduced fertilization on yield and correlation of edible sunflower (hereinafter referred to as shikui)in Ta’eken area,in order to obtain the optimal planting density and optimal fertilization rate of edible sunflower. 【Methods】 The experimental materials of Tongqing No. 5 cultivar were used to design the two-factor split plot of density and reduced fertilization,with 3 replicates,a total of 36 plots,the main area was the planting density,and 4 levels were set:M₁,M₂,M₃,M₄,and the sub-area was reduced fertilization,and 3 treatments:F₁(N 277 kg/hm²,P 115 kg/hm²,K 130 kg/hm²),F₂(10% reduction) and F₃(20% reduction) were set. The biological traits,economic traits and yield were measured at harvest time,and the effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on the biological traits,economic traits and yield of edible sunflower were calculated and analyzed. 【Results】 Under the same planting density,the plant height,flower disc diameter and stem diameter of sunflower were increased first and then decreased,and the effect was not significant,the plant height was 208.03 cm,220.4 cm,236.27 cm and 240.67 cm in F₂(10% weight loss),and the diameter of flower disc was the best,which was 21.91 cm,20.41 cm and 19.94 cm,respectively. 19.77 cm,the diameter diameter was the thickest,3.95 cm,3.87 cm,3.73 cm,3.61 cm,respectively,the plant height showed a significant effect between different density treatments,the plant height was the highest M₄ density of 240.34 cm,the stem diameter and the flower disc diameter showed a decreasing trend with the increase of planting density,the same density of chemical fertilizer application on the yield component factors of sunflower seed setting rate,single disc grain weight and 100 grain weight,under different densities had a significant effect on the yield factor. The results showed that the grain weight of the single disc of sunflower was between 177.62 g-187.43 g,The 100-grain weight was between 19.36 g-21.88 g,and all of them showed a decreasing trend with the increase of planting density. It can be seen that the effect of chemical fertilizer reduction on sunflower yield first increased and then decreased,and the average yield of F₂ was the highest under the same density condition,which was 3 976.94 kg/hm²,indicating that appropriate reduced fertilization played an important role in the improvement of sunflower yield. The interaction of planting density and reduced fertilization had a significant effect on the yield of edible sunflower,and the combined M₂F₂ treatment was the best,and the yield performance was the highest,which was 4 344.35 kg/hm²,the planting density of M₂F₂ treatment was 25 965 plants/hm²,and the chemical fertilizer reduction was 10%,i.e.,urea 450 kg/hm²,ethylenediamine phosphate 225 kg/hm²,and potassium sulfate 225 kg/hm². 【Conclusion】 In conclusion,the optimal combination of density and chemical fertilizer application rate in Ta’eken area was the best in M₂F₂ treatment,and the yield reached the highest(4 344.35 kg/hm²),and the yield component factor had obvious advantages,which showed that the seed setting rate reached the highest(82.06%) In summary,the combination of the optimal density and fertilizer application rate in the Taeken area was M₂F₂ treatment,which could be converted into better economic benefits,which was more suitable for the promotion of sunflower planting in the Taeken area,and provided scientific theoretical basis and technical support for the cultivation technology of sunflower in the Taeken area.

Key words: sunflower; density; reduced fertilization; yield

摘要：

【目的】研究新疆塔额垦区食用向日葵(以下简称食葵)种植密度与减量施肥双效应互作对产量及相关性的影响,获得食葵最佳种植密度与最佳施肥量协同处理,为新疆塔额垦区食葵栽培技术提供科学的理论依据和技术支撑。【方法】以同庆5号品种材料,采用密度、减量施肥二因素裂区试验设计,3次重复,共计36个小区,主区为种植密度,设置4个水平:M₁、M₂、M₃、M₄;副区为减量施肥,设置3个处理:F₁(N 277 kg/hm²、P 115 kg/hm²、K 130 kg/hm²)、F₂(减量10%)处理、F₃(减量20%)处理,分析种植密度和减量施肥双效应对食葵生物性状、经济性状及产量的影响。【结果】食葵在相同种植密度条件下,减量施肥对食葵株高、花盘直径、茎粗均呈现先升高后降低的趋势,且影响不显著,均以F₂(减肥10%)处理株高最高,分别为208.03、220.40、236.27、240.67 cm,花盘直径表现为最优,分别为21.91、20.41、19.94、19.77 cm,径粗表现最粗,分别为3.95、3.87、3.73、3.61 cm;在不同密度处理之间呈现显著影响,株高表现为M₄密度最高为240.34 cm,茎粗和花盘直径均表现为随种植密度的增加而降低的趋势;同一密度下化肥施用量对食葵产量构成因子结实率、单盘粒重、百粒重影响不显著;不同密度下对产量因子影响显著。食葵单盘粒重177.62~187.43 g,百粒重19.36~21.88 g,且均表现为随着种植密度的增大呈现降低趋势。食葵产量先增加后降低,同一密度条件下,食葵产量以F₂平均产量处理最高,为3 976.94 kg/hm²,适宜的减量施肥对食葵产量的提升具有重要作用。种植密度与减量施肥双效应互作对食葵产量影响显著,以组合M₂F₂处理为最佳,产量表现最高,为4 344.35 kg/hm²,M₂F₂处理即种植密度为25 965株/hm²,化肥减量10%,即尿素450 kg/hm²、磷酸二铵225 kg/hm²、硫酸钾225 kg/hm²。【结论】新疆塔额垦区食葵种植密度与化肥施用量组合在M₂F₂处理为最优,产量达到最高,为4 344.35 kg/hm²,且产量构成因子优势明显,结实率达到最高,为82.06%,单盘粒重和百粒重均表现较好,M₂F₂处理更适宜新疆塔额垦区食葵种植的推广。

关键词: 食葵, 密度, 减量施肥, 产量

CLC Number:

S565.5

WANG Heya, LUO Jingjing, AI Haifeng, LI Huaisheng, MENG Ling, WANG Peng. Effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on sunflower yield and relativity[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(1): 55-62.

王贺亚, 罗静静, 艾海峰, 李怀胜, 孟玲, 王鹏. 种植密度与减量施肥对食葵产量及相关性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(1): 55-62.

Figures/Tables 8

References 25

[1]	崔良机. 向日葵栽培生理与栽培技术[M].北京,中国农业出版社, 2013.
	CUI Liangji. Sunflower Cultivation Physiology and Cultivation Techniques[M]. Beijing: China Agricultural Press, 2013.
[2]	曹孟梁. 国内向日葵发展概况及经济价值[J]. 山西农业(致富科技), 2008,(6):19-20.
	CAO Mengliang. Development and economic value of domestic sunflowers[J]. Shanxi Agriculture (Zhifu Science and Technology), 2008,(6):19-20.
[3]	陈树林, 魏良民, 扬新东, 等. 当前我国食葵生产和品种应用状况分析[J]. 种子世界, 2006,(1):31-33.
	CHEN Shulin, WEI Liangmin, YANG Xindong, et al. Analysis on the current application status of sunflower production and varieties in China[J]. Seed World, 2006,(1):31-33.
[4]	周菲, 王文军, 刘岩, 等. 向日葵籽仁脂肪和脂肪酸含量近红外光谱模型的建立[J]. 作物杂志, 2021,(2):200-206.
	ZHOU Fei, WANG Wenjun, LIU Yan, et al. Establishment of a near-infrared spectral model of fat and fatty acid content in sunflower seed kernels[J]. Journal of Crops, 2021,(2):200-206.
[5]	常璐, 刘青, 张秀丽, 等. 3个向日葵品种生长期内水分、蛋白质和总黄酮含量动态变化[J]. 生物资源, 2022, 44(1):84-90.
	CHANG Lu, LIU Qing, ZHANG Xiuli, et al. Dynamic changes in water,protein and total flavonoid content during the growth period of three sunflower cultivars[J]. Biological Resources, 2022, 44(1):84-90.
[6]	刘文杰. 播期、密度对向日葵冠层结构、产量及品质的影响[D]. 阿拉尔: 塔里木大学, 2020.
	LIU Wenjie. Effects of sowing period and density on canopy structure, yield and quality of sunflowers[D]. Aral: Tarim University, 2020.
[7]	白苇, 杨素梅, 尹海峰, 等. 播种期、密度、氮肥、磷肥、钾肥五因子对食用向日葵栽培技术的优化[J]. 宁夏农林科技, 2015, 56(7):15-18,40.
	BAI Wei, YANG Sumei, YIN Haifeng, et al. Optimization of edible sunflower cultivation technology by five factors of sowing period,density,nitrogen fertilizer,phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer[J]. Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, 2015, 56(7):15-18,40.
[8]	闻金光, 菅彩媛, 韩晓梅, 等. 种植密度与施肥配置对食用向日葵制种产量及相关性状的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2021, 49(5):41-47. DOI
	WEN Jinguang, JIAN Caiyuan, HAN Xiaomei, et al. Effects of planting density and fertilization configuration on seed yield and related traits of edible sunflower[J]. Journal of Northern Agricucture, 2021, 49(5):41-47.
[9]	李军, 闫文芝, 张静, 等. 种植密度对食用向日葵籽粒性状和产量及其它经济性状的影响[J]. 黑龙江农业科学, 2010,(9):26-27.
	LI Jun, YAN Wenzhi, ZHANG Jing, et al. Effects of planting density on grain traits and yields of edible sunflowers and other economic traits[J]. Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2010,(9):26-27.
[10]	马访贤, 柳延涛, 陈寅初, 等. 塔城地区食葵滴灌高产栽培技术[J]. 新疆农垦科技, 2012, 35(3):12-13.
	MA Fangxian, LIU Yantao, CHEN Yinchu, et al. Cultivation Technology of High Yield of Sunflower Drip Irrigation in Tacheng Area[J]. Xinjiang Farm Research of Science and Technology, 2012, 35(3):12-13.
[11]	孙祥春, 苗三明, 王雪娇, 等. 种植密度与株行距配置对河套灌区食用向日葵产量性状的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2021, 49(1):34-39. DOI
	SUN Xiangchun, MIAO Sanming, WANG Xuejiao, et al. Effects of planting density and plant row spacing configuration on yield traits of edible sunflowers in Hetao irrigation area[J]. Journal of Northern Culture, 2021, 49(1):34-39.
[12]	白苇, 杨素梅, 尹海峰, 等. 冀西北地区施用氮磷钾肥对食葵产量和经济效益的影响[J]. 作物杂志, 2016,(5):131-134.
	BAI Wei, YANG Sumei, YIN Haifeng, et al. Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer application on sunflower yield and economic benefits in northwest Hebei[J]. Crops, 2016,(5):131-134.
[13]	赵超. 施肥对食用向日葵产量及相关性状的影响[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2015.
	ZHAO Chao. Effects of fertilization on yield and related traits of edible sunflowers[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2015.
[14]	董亚兵, 彭亚姝, 李魁印, 等. 密度和施肥对茅粱1号高粱光合速率、产量及品质的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2021, 49(7):20-24.
	DONG Yabing, PENG Yashu, LI Kuiyin, et al. Effects of density and fertilization on photosynthetic rate,yield and quality of Sorghum No.1[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 49(7):20-24.
[15]	国世佳. 施肥对向日葵产量与品质形成影响的研究[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2019.
	GUO Shijia. Effects of fertilization on sunflower yield and quality formation[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2019.
[16]	高成平. 不同种植密度对向日葵农艺性状及产量的影响[J]. 农业与技术, 2018, 38(24):50.
	GAO Chengping. Effects of different planting densities on agronomic traits and yield of sunflowers[J]. Agriculture and Technology, 2018, 38(24):50.
[17]	于欢. 不同种植密度对向日葵相关性状及产量的影响[J]. 现代农业科技, 2017,(14):10,14.
	YU Huan. Effects of different planting densities on sunflower correlation traits and yield[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017,(14):10,14.
[18]	丁伟, 舒惠理, 杨春霞, 等. 不同密度及施肥处理对香圆生长的影响[J]. 南方林业科学, 2021, 49(3):15-18,75.
	DING Wei, SHU Huili, YANG Chunxia, et al. Effects of different densities and fertilization treatments on the growth of xiangyuan[J]. Southern Forestry Sciences, 2021, 49(3):15-18,75.
[19]	马兴林, 徐安波, 杨久臣, 等. 关于玉米种植密度的思考与讨论[J]. 玉米科学, 2020, 28(2):96-99.
	MA Xinglin, XU Anbo, YANG Jiuchen, et al. Reflections and discussions on maize planting density[J]. Journal of Maize Sciences, 2020, 28(2):96-99.
[20]	赵轩微, 赵雅杰, 田振东, 等. 向日葵干物质转运及产量对播种期和栽培密度的响应[J]. 作物杂志, 2021,(3):185-189.
	ZHAO Xuanwei, ZHAO Yajie, TIAN Zhendong, et al. Responses of sunflower dry matter transport and yield to sowing period and cultivation density[J]. Crops, 2021,(3):185-189.
[21]	韩成, 樊秀荣, 张红萍, 等. 临河区食用向日葵养分肥效和最佳施肥量研究[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2018, 46(36):134-136,145.
	HAN Cheng, FAN Xiurong, ZHANG Hongping, et al. Nutrient fertility and optimal fertilization of edible sunflowers in Linhe District[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(36):134-136,145.
[22]	段玉, 国世佳, 张君, 等. 氮磷钾肥对食用向日葵产量性状和养分利用特性的影响[J]. 北方农业学报, 2019, 47(3):74-78. DOI
	DuAN Yu, GUO Shijia, ZHANG Jun, et al. Effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on yield traits and nutrient utilization characteristics of edible sunflower[J]. Journal of Northern Agriculture, 2019, 47(3):74-78.
[23]	张宝英, 白苇, 杨素梅. 冀北食葵产量构成因素分析[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2018,(7):196-199.
	ZHANG Baoying, BAI Wei, YANG Sumei. Analysis of the constituent factors of sunflower yield in northern Hebei[J]. Bulletin of Agricultural Science and Technology, 2018,(7):196-199.
[24]	赵轩微. 播期与密度对油用向日葵生理特性和产量及品质的影响[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古农业大学, 2021.
	ZHAO Xuanwei. Effects of sowing period and density on physiological characteristics,yield and quality of oil sunflowers[D]. Hohhot: Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, 2021.
[25]	王佰众, 李洋, 李晓伟, 等. 吉林省西部地区向日葵不同品种适宜栽培密度筛选[J]. 东北农业科学, 2020, 45(6):39-44.
	WANG Baizhong, LI Yang, LI Xiaowei, et al. Screening of suitable cultivation density of different sunflower varieties in the western region of Jilin Province[J]. Northeast Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 45(6):39-44.

处理 Dispose	施肥时期和施肥量 Fertilization period and amount of fertilizer
处理 Dispose	现蕾期 Budding period	开花期 Flowering stage	灌浆期 Grouting period
F₁	尿素82.5+磷酸二铵 165+硫酸钾62.7	尿素222.75+磷酸二铵 41.25+硫酸钾99	尿素189.75+磷酸二铵 41.25+硫酸钾85.8
F₂	尿素75+磷酸二铵 150+硫酸钾57	尿素202.5+磷酸二铵 37.5+硫酸钾90	尿素172.5+磷酸二铵 37.5+硫酸钾78
F₃	尿素67.5+磷酸二铵 135+硫酸钾51.3	尿素182.25+磷酸二铵 33.75+硫酸钾81	尿素155.25+磷酸二铵 33.75+硫酸钾70.2

处理 Dispose	施肥时期和施肥量 Fertilization period and amount of fertilizer
处理 Dispose	现蕾期 Budding period	开花期 Flowering stage	灌浆期 Grouting period
F₁	尿素82.5+磷酸二铵 165+硫酸钾62.7	尿素222.75+磷酸二铵 41.25+硫酸钾99	尿素189.75+磷酸二铵 41.25+硫酸钾85.8
F₂	尿素75+磷酸二铵 150+硫酸钾57	尿素202.5+磷酸二铵 37.5+硫酸钾90	尿素172.5+磷酸二铵 37.5+硫酸钾78
F₃	尿素67.5+磷酸二铵 135+硫酸钾51.3	尿素182.25+磷酸二铵 33.75+硫酸钾81	尿素155.25+磷酸二铵 33.75+硫酸钾70.2

种植密度 Planting density	减肥配置 Slimming configuration	株高 Plant height (cm)	花盘直径 Disc diameter (cm)	径粗 Thick stem (cm)
M₁	F₁	208.07±1.20^c	21.73±0.99^ab	3.94±0.02^a
	F₂	208.03±0.95^c	21.91±0.55^a	3.95±0.05^a
	F₃	208.17±2.70^c	21.78±0.35^ab	3.96±0.02^a
M₂	F₁	219.83±1.22^b	20.29±0.46^abc	3.86±0.07^b
	F₂	220.40±1.91^b	20.41±0.45^abc	3.87±0.03^b
	F₃	220.33±1.18^b	20.17±1.86^abc	3.85±0.02^b
M₃	F₁	235.87±1.95^a	19.33±1.25^c	3.73±0.02^c
	F₂	236.27±1.60^a	19.94±0.15^abc	3.73±0.03^c
	F₃	236.13±2.51^a	19.58±1.34^c	3.74±0.03^c
M₄	F₁	239.67±4.64^a	19.11±0.29^c	3.61±0.04^d
	F₂	240.67±2.49^a	19.77±0.31^bc	3.61±0.06^d
	F₃	240.67±1.24^a	19.49±0.97^c	3.59±0.02^d

种植密度 Planting density	减肥配置 Slimming configuration	株高 Plant height (cm)	花盘直径 Disc diameter (cm)	径粗 Thick stem (cm)
M₁	F₁	208.07±1.20^c	21.73±0.99^ab	3.94±0.02^a
	F₂	208.03±0.95^c	21.91±0.55^a	3.95±0.05^a
	F₃	208.17±2.70^c	21.78±0.35^ab	3.96±0.02^a
M₂	F₁	219.83±1.22^b	20.29±0.46^abc	3.86±0.07^b
	F₂	220.40±1.91^b	20.41±0.45^abc	3.87±0.03^b
	F₃	220.33±1.18^b	20.17±1.86^abc	3.85±0.02^b
M₃	F₁	235.87±1.95^a	19.33±1.25^c	3.73±0.02^c
	F₂	236.27±1.60^a	19.94±0.15^abc	3.73±0.03^c
	F₃	236.13±2.51^a	19.58±1.34^c	3.74±0.03^c
M₄	F₁	239.67±4.64^a	19.11±0.29^c	3.61±0.04^d
	F₂	240.67±2.49^a	19.77±0.31^bc	3.61±0.06^d
	F₃	240.67±1.24^a	19.49±0.97^c	3.59±0.02^d

种植密度 Planting density	减肥配置 Slimming configuration	结实率 Firming rate (%)	单盘粒重 Single disc grain weight (g)	百粒重 100 grains weight (g)
M₁	F₁	81.09±0.46^abc	187.15±0.45^a	21.69±0.48^ab
	F₂	81.37±0.88^abc	187.70±0.80^a	22.05±0.84^a
	F₃	80.69±0.93^abc	187.46±2.63^a	21.91±0.61^a
M₂	F₁	81.03±0.63^abc	185.58±1.03^b	21.66±0.09^ab
	F₂	82.06±0.59^abc	185.49±0.92^b	21.67±1.17^ab
	F₃	80.68±1.29^a	185.07±0.51^b	21.85±0.41^a
M₃	F₁	80.70±0.36^abc	181.25±0.88^c	20.44±0.60^bc
	F₂	80.96±0.79^abc	181.69±0.84^c	20.41±0.55^bc
	F₃	79.77±1.03^bcd	181.37±0.57^c	20.34±0.20^c
M₄	F₁	78.28±0.82^d	175.43±0.53^d	19.31±0.26^c
	F₂	79.34±0.46^cd	175.54±0.29^d	19.36±0.41^c
	F₃	78.42±0.48^d	174.88±0.35^d	19.41±0.25^c

Effects of planting density and reduced fertilization on sunflower yield and relativity

种植密度与减量施肥对食葵产量及相关性的影响

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 8

References 25

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

处理 Treat- ment	产量Yieid (kg/hm²)				差异性 Differentiation
处理 Treat- ment	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	5%	1%
M₁	3 597.41	3 940.60	3 682.20	3 740.07	b	AB
M₂	4 081.91	4 344.35	3 900.23	4 108.83	a	A
M₃	3 819.48	3 880.04	3 799.29	3 832.93	ab	AB
M₄	3 456.10	3 742.76	3 573.19	3 590.68	b	B

处理 Treat- ment	产量Yieid (kg/hm²)				差异性 Differentiation
处理 Treat- ment	Ⅰ	Ⅱ	Ⅲ	平均	5%	1%
M₁F₁	3 476.29	2 931.23	4 384.73	3 597.41	b	A
M₁F₂	3 900.23	3 960.79	3 960.79	3 940.60	ab	A
M₁F₃	3 597.41	3 851.78	3 597.41	3 682.20	ab	A
M₂F₁	3 900.23	4 203.04	4 142.48	4 081.91	ab	A
M₂F₂	3 960.79	4 445.29	4 626.98	4 344.35	a	A
M₂F₃	3 536.85	3 779.10	4 384.73	3 900.23	ab	A
M₃F₁	3 657.98	3 900.23	3 900.23	3 819.48	ab	A
M₃F₂	3 730.65	4 142.48	3 766.99	3 880.04	ab	A
M₃F₃	3 779.10	3 839.66	3 779.10	3 799.29	ab	A
M₄F₁	3 112.91	3 173.48	4 081.91	3 456.10	b	A
M₄F₂	3 597.41	3 851.78	3 779.10	3 742.76	ab	A
M₄F₃	3 536.85	4 009.24	3 173.48	3 573.19	b	A

[1]	FANG Hui, DING Yindeng, FAN Guiqiang, GAO Yonghong, HUANG Tianrong. Research report on the development status of wheat industry in southern Xinjiang [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(S1): 75-80.
[2]	ZHANG Zehua, YE Hanchun, WANG Zhenhua, LI Wenhao, LI Haiqiang, LIU Jian. Effects of equal nitrogen applied with urease inhibitor on cotton growth, yield, and quality under mulched drip irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2103-2111.
[3]	CHEN Ruijie, LUO Linyi, RUAN Xiangyang, YE Jun. Effects of humic acid on soil nutrients, cotton yield and quality in cotton fields under drip irrigation [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2112-2121.
[4]	HUANG Boxuan, LI Pengcheng, ZHENG Cangsong, SUN Miao, SHAO Jingjing, FENG Weina, PANG Chaoyou, XU Wenxiu, DONG Helin. Effects of different nitrogen inhibitors on growth, nitrogen utilization and yield of cotton [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2122-2131.
[5]	Areziguli Tuxun, GAO Jie. Effects of drought stress and planting density on physiological characteristics and yield of onion bulblets [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2211-2222.
[6]	CHEN Fang, LI Zihui, SUNXiaogui , ZHANG Tingjun. Different dosage of microbial agents on the yield and quality of processed tomatoes [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(9): 2285-2289.
[7]	ZHANG Chengjie, HU Haoran, DUAN Songjiang, WU Yifan, ZHANG Jusong. Effects of nitrogen-dense interaction on growth, development, yield and quality of Gossypium barbadense L. [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1821-1830.
[8]	HOU Lili, WANG Wei, CUI Xinju, ZHOU Dawei. Effects of organic and inorganic combined application on yield, soil nutrients and enzyme activities of winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1845-1852.
[9]	CHEN Fang, LI Zihui, WANG Bingyue, SUN Xiaogui, ZHANG Tingjun. Effects of microbial inoculants on growth and yield of winter wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1853-1860.
[10]	YUAN Yingying, ZHAO Jinghua, Dilimulati Simayi, YANG Tingrui. Study on physiological indexes and yield analysis of spring wheat in pots based on apriori algorithm [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1861-1871.
[11]	NIU Tingting, MA Mingsheng, ZHANG Jungao. Effects of straw returning and plastic film mulching on soil physical and chemical properties and spring maize yield in rain-fed upland farmland [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1896-1906.
[12]	ZHAO Minhua, SONG Bingxi, ZHANG Yupeng, GAO Zhihong, ZHU Yongyong, CHEN Xiaoyuan. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction on rice yield and nitrogen partial factor productivity under dry farming conditions [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1907-1915.
[13]	Arezigu Tuxun, JIA Kai, GAO Jie. Effects of different substrates and planting densities on onion bulblet yield [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 1993-2003.
[14]	ZHANG Caihong, WANG Guoqiang, JIANG Luyan, LIU Tao, DE Xianming. Variation of environmental factors and analysis of tomato traits in low-energy assembly-type deep-winter production solar greenhouse [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(8): 2043-2053.
[15]	YANG Mei, ZHAO Hongmei, Dilireba Xiamixiding, YANG Weijun, ZHANG Jinshan, HUI Chao. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer reduction and biochar application on population structure, photosynthetic characteristics and yield of spring wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(7): 1582-1589.