核桃对焦叶病的生理响应研究

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.08.012

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】探究核桃焦叶病对温185（Juglans regia Wen 185）叶片生理特性的影响，分析核桃抗焦叶病机制。【方法】基于田间样品采集及室内化学分析技术，定量分析核桃焦叶病发病进程中叶片渗透调节物质、抗氧化系统变化特征。【结果】随着焦叶病病叶等级的增加，核桃叶片中脯氨酸（Pro）含量呈上升趋势；抗氧化酶系统中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性在病叶中呈先升后降趋势；抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性、还原型抗坏血酸（AsA）含量和还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量也呈先升后降趋势。随着焦叶病病叶等级发病程度的增加，核桃叶片中核酮糖-1, 5-二磷酸羧化酶（Rubisco）活性呈下降趋势。【结论】发病初期核桃激活防御机制，随着发病程度的加深，核桃的调节能力逐渐减弱。

关键词: 核桃焦叶病; 生理; 渗透调节物质; 抗氧化酶

Abstract: 【Objective】To investigate the effect of walnut scorched leaf disease on the physiological characteristics of Juglans regia ′Wen 185′ leaves, and to analyze the mechanism of walnut anti-scorched leaf disease.【Methods】Based on field sample collection and indoor chemical analysis techniques, the characteristics of changes of osmotic regulatory substances and antioxidant system in walnut leaves during the onset of scorch leaf disease were quantitatively analyzed.【Results】The increase of the grade of scorch leaf disease, the content of proline（Pro）in walnut leaves showed an "upward" trend. The activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）, peroxidase（POD）, catalase（CAT）and phenylalanine ammonlyase（PAL）in the antioxidant enzyme system increased first and then decreased in the infected leaves. The activity of ascorbate peroxidase（APX）, the content of reduced ascorbate（AsA）and reduced glutathione（GSH）also increased first and then decreased. The activity of ribulose-1, 5-diphosphate carboxylase（Rubisco）in walnut leaves showed a "decreasing" trend with the increase of the incidence degree of scorchleaf disease.【Conclusion】In the early stage of the disease, walnut activated the defense mechanism, and with the deepening of the disease, walnut's regulation ability gradually weakened.

Key words: Walnut Leaf Scorch; Growth; Osmotic Adjustment Substances; Antioxidant Enzymes

中图分类号:

郭桐, 王世伟, 阿地力·沙塔尔, 赵龙, 耿召坤, 杨雯洁, 张翠芳. 核桃对焦叶病的生理响应研究[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(8): 1937-1946.

GUO Tong, WANG ShiWei, Adili Shataer, ZHAO Long, GENG Zhaokun, YANG WenJie, ZHANG CuiFang. Study on the Physiological Response of Walnuts to Leaf Scorch[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(8): 1937-1946.

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