不同引发剂处理对春小麦种子活力及生理特性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.010

新疆农业科学 ›› 2024, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 869-877.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2024.04.010

• 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学·生理生化 • 上一篇下一篇

不同引发剂处理对春小麦种子活力及生理特性的影响

古力尼尕尔·吐尔洪(), 张金汕, 李丹丹, 张路路, 王润琪, 石书兵()

新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052

收稿日期:2023-08-17 出版日期:2024-04-20 发布日期:2024-05-31
通信作者: 石书兵(1966-),男,山东人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为小麦高产栽培,(E-mail)shubshi@sina.com
作者简介:古力尼尕尔·吐尔洪(1997-),女,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为作物栽培,(E-mail)2440193762@qq.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划项目“春小麦种子活力关键技术研究示范”(XJEDU20211011)

Effects of different priming treatments on seed vigor and physiological characteristics of spring wheat

Gulinigaer Tuerhong(), ZHANG Jinshan, LI Dandan, ZHANG Lulu, WANG Runqi, SHI Shubing()

Collage of Agronomy,Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052,China

Received:2023-08-17 Published:2024-04-20 Online:2024-05-31
Correspondence author: SHI Shubing (1966-), male, from Shandong,professor, Ph.D. Master student/Doctoral supervisor, research direction: Wheat high-yield cultivation,(E-mail)shubshi@sina.com
Supported by:
University R& D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region“Research and Demonstration of Key Technologies for High Vigor Seeds of Spring Wheat”(XJEDU20211011)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】研究引发剂对春小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长特性的影响,为增强春小麦种子活力提供理论依据。【方法】以春小麦新春26号种子为供试材料,用不同浓度水杨酸SA(0.05、0.1、0.15 mmol/L)、氯化钙CaCl₂(6、9、12 mmol/L)、蒸馏水H₂O分别引发4、6、8、10、12和14 h后回干,测定春小麦种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗鲜干重、苗长和根长、电导率、SOD活性、POD活性、脱氢酶活性和丙二醛含量等指标。【结果】不同引发剂处理春小麦种子发芽势、发芽率、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗鲜干重、苗长和根长、SOD、POD、脱氢酶活性等指标均较对照显著提高,电导率和丙二醛含量显著降低,其中A₂处理和B₁处理的效果最优。引发12 h时各引发剂处理的春小麦发芽指标、幼苗生长指标、生理指标均达到最大值,与其他引发时间之间差异显著。【结论】引发剂处理使春小麦种子酶活性增强,有效地抵抗了膜质过氧化作用,减少膜质过氧化产物含量,维持细胞结构的完整性,从而有效提高春小麦种子活力,促进幼苗生长,其中0.1 mmol/L SA和6 mmol/L CaCl₂引发12 h的效果最佳。

关键词: 春小麦; 种子引发; 种子活力; 生理特性

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of different seed priming on seed germination and seedling growth characteristics of spring wheat in the hope of providing theoretical basis for improving seed vitality of the wheat.【Methods】 Xinchun 26 wheat seeds were taken as the test material, and primed with different concentrations of SA (0.05, 0.1, 0.15 mmol/L), CaCl₂ (6, 9, 12 mmol/L) and water for different time 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 h, respectively to measure the indexes such as the germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, fresh dry weight and length of seedling and root, electrical conductivity, SOD activity, POD activity, dehydrogenase activity and MDA content and other factors.【Results】 The results showed that the seed germination potential, germination rate, germination index, vigor index, fresh dry weight, seedling length and root length, SOD, POD, dehydrogenase activity and other indexes of spring wheat treated with different initiators were significantly increased compared with the control, and the electrical conductivity and malondialdehyde content were significantly decreased, among which A₂ and B₁ treatments had the best effect. Under the condition of different priming time, germination index, seedling growth index and physiological index of each initiator treatment reached the maximum value at 12 h, and there was significant difference between them and other priming time.【Conclusion】 Seed priming enhances the enzyme activity of spring wheat seeds, effectively resists membrane peroxidation, reduces the content of membrane peroxidation products, maintains the integrity of cell structure, and effectively improves the seed activity of spring wheat, and promotes the growth of seedlings. Among them, 0.1 mmol/L SA and 6 mmol/L CaCl₂ have the best effect on the priming time of 12 h.

Key words: spring wheat; seed priming; seed vigor; physiological characters

中图分类号:

S512

古力尼尕尔·吐尔洪, 张金汕, 李丹丹, 张路路, 王润琪, 石书兵. 不同引发剂处理对春小麦种子活力及生理特性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(4): 869-877.

Gulinigaer Tuerhong, ZHANG Jinshan, LI Dandan, ZHANG Lulu, WANG Runqi, SHI Shubing. Effects of different priming treatments on seed vigor and physiological characteristics of spring wheat[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2024, 61(4): 869-877.

图/表 6

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处理 Treatments	发芽势 Germination Potential(%)	发芽率 Germination Rate(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
CK	69.33±3.06^d	83.33±1.15^d	51.68±2.60^d	0.6957±0.06^d
H	79.33±4.16^c	90.67±3.06^c	57.41±2.01^c	0.8619±0.04^c
A₁	89.33± 3.06^ab	95.33±4.16^abc	64.33±1.66^a	0.9822±0.04^ab
A₂	93.33±3.06^a	96.67±1.15^a	66.25±2.55^a	1.0727±0.08^a
A₃	87.33±4.16^ab	94.00±2.00^abc	62.34±2.51^ab	0.9752±0.07^abc
B₁	91.33±2.31^ab	96.00±2.00^ab	65.75±4.27^a	1.0524±0.08^a
B₂	86.00±2.00^b	91.33±2.31^bc	59.35±2.52^bc	0.9003±0.05^bc
B₃	88.00±4.00^ab	93.33±3.06^abc	61.88±1.52^abc	0.9597±0.06^abc

处理 Treatments	发芽势 Germination Potential(%)	发芽率 Germination Rate(%)	发芽指数 Germination index	活力指数 Vigor index
CK	69.33±3.06^d	83.33±1.15^d	51.68±2.60^d	0.6957±0.06^d
H	79.33±4.16^c	90.67±3.06^c	57.41±2.01^c	0.8619±0.04^c
A₁	89.33± 3.06^ab	95.33±4.16^abc	64.33±1.66^a	0.9822±0.04^ab
A₂	93.33±3.06^a	96.67±1.15^a	66.25±2.55^a	1.0727±0.08^a
A₃	87.33±4.16^ab	94.00±2.00^abc	62.34±2.51^ab	0.9752±0.07^abc
B₁	91.33±2.31^ab	96.00±2.00^ab	65.75±4.27^a	1.0524±0.08^a
B₂	86.00±2.00^b	91.33±2.31^bc	59.35±2.52^bc	0.9003±0.05^bc
B₃	88.00±4.00^ab	93.33±3.06^abc	61.88±1.52^abc	0.9597±0.06^abc

指标 Factors	处理 Treatments	引发时间Priming time(h)
指标 Factors	处理 Treatments	4	6	8	10	12	14
苗鲜重 Seedling fresh weight(g)	CK	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a
	H	0.109 3^ab	0.106 2^bc	0.106 8^bc	0.105 5^bc	0.114 7^a	0.103 1^c
	A	0.112 6^b	0.106 9^b	0.107 9^b	0.107 2^b	0.133 4^a	0.110 73^b
	B	0.115 4^b	0.108 8^bc	0.111 0^bc	0.108 6^bc	0.126 0^a	0.110 4^bc
苗干重 Seedling dry weight(g)	CK	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a
	H	0.014 0^bc	0.013 4^c	0.013 9^bc	0.014 1^b	0.015 0^a	0.013 6^bc
	A	0.014 7^b	0.014 0^bc	0.014 6^b	0.014 1^bc	0.015 7^a	0.014 0^bc
	B	0.014 7^b	0.014 2^b	0.014 7^b	0.014 3^b	0.015 6^a	0.014 3^b
根鲜重 Root fresh weight(g)	CK	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a
	H	0.184 6^ab	0.178 2^bc	0.176 8^bc	0.177 3^bc	0.189 5^a	0.176 3^bc
	A	0.186 8^b	0.185 6^b	0.182 0^bc	0.179 9^bc	0.204 4^a	0.180 6^bc
	B	0.190 8^a	0.189 3^a	0.184 1^ab	0.185 7^ab	0.199 7^a	0.187 4^a
根干重 Root dry weight(g)	CK	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a
	H	0.012 5^ab	0.011 1^cd	0.011 9^abc	0.011 1^cd	0.012 9^a	0.011 3^bcd
	A	0.012 4^b	0.011 2^d	0.012 2^bc	0.011 8^bcd	0.014 2^a	0.011 4^cd
	B	0.013 1^a	0.011 6^b	0.012 4^ab	0.011 9^b	0.013 5^a	0.011 5^b
苗长 Seedling length(cm)	CK	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a
	H	15.553 3^ab	14.843 3^cd	15.050 0^bc	15.103 3^bc	15.766 7^a	15.186 7^bc
	A	15.803 3^ab	15.166 7^bc	15.026 7^cd	15.390 0^bc	16.320 0^a	15.286 7^bc
	B	15.926 7^ab	15.333 3^b	15.486 7^b	15.630 0^ab	16.130 0^a	15.350 0 ^b
根长 Root length (cm)	CK	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a
	H	15.240 0^b	14.023 3^d	14.826 7^bc	14.233^cd	16.036 7^a	14.433 3^cd
	A	15.590 3^b	14.743 0^c	15.557 8^b	15.193 9^bc	17.215 3^a	14.713 0^c
	B	15.792 8^b	15.262 2^bc	15.672 8^b	15.008 8^bc	17.062 3^a	14.766 2^c

指标 Factors	处理 Treatments	引发时间Priming time(h)
指标 Factors	处理 Treatments	4	6	8	10	12	14
苗鲜重 Seedling fresh weight(g)	CK	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a	0.103 5^a
	H	0.109 3^ab	0.106 2^bc	0.106 8^bc	0.105 5^bc	0.114 7^a	0.103 1^c
	A	0.112 6^b	0.106 9^b	0.107 9^b	0.107 2^b	0.133 4^a	0.110 73^b
	B	0.115 4^b	0.108 8^bc	0.111 0^bc	0.108 6^bc	0.126 0^a	0.110 4^bc
苗干重 Seedling dry weight(g)	CK	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a	0.013 5^a
	H	0.014 0^bc	0.013 4^c	0.013 9^bc	0.014 1^b	0.015 0^a	0.013 6^bc
	A	0.014 7^b	0.014 0^bc	0.014 6^b	0.014 1^bc	0.015 7^a	0.014 0^bc
	B	0.014 7^b	0.014 2^b	0.014 7^b	0.014 3^b	0.015 6^a	0.014 3^b
根鲜重 Root fresh weight(g)	CK	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a	0.170 9^a
	H	0.184 6^ab	0.178 2^bc	0.176 8^bc	0.177 3^bc	0.189 5^a	0.176 3^bc
	A	0.186 8^b	0.185 6^b	0.182 0^bc	0.179 9^bc	0.204 4^a	0.180 6^bc
	B	0.190 8^a	0.189 3^a	0.184 1^ab	0.185 7^ab	0.199 7^a	0.187 4^a
根干重 Root dry weight(g)	CK	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a	0.010 4^a
	H	0.012 5^ab	0.011 1^cd	0.011 9^abc	0.011 1^cd	0.012 9^a	0.011 3^bcd
	A	0.012 4^b	0.011 2^d	0.012 2^bc	0.011 8^bcd	0.014 2^a	0.011 4^cd
	B	0.013 1^a	0.011 6^b	0.012 4^ab	0.011 9^b	0.013 5^a	0.011 5^b
苗长 Seedling length(cm)	CK	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a	14.413 3^a
	H	15.553 3^ab	14.843 3^cd	15.050 0^bc	15.103 3^bc	15.766 7^a	15.186 7^bc
	A	15.803 3^ab	15.166 7^bc	15.026 7^cd	15.390 0^bc	16.320 0^a	15.286 7^bc
	B	15.926 7^ab	15.333 3^b	15.486 7^b	15.630 0^ab	16.130 0^a	15.350 0 ^b
根长 Root length (cm)	CK	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a	13.946 7^a
	H	15.240 0^b	14.023 3^d	14.826 7^bc	14.233^cd	16.036 7^a	14.433 3^cd
	A	15.590 3^b	14.743 0^c	15.557 8^b	15.193 9^bc	17.215 3^a	14.713 0^c
	B	15.792 8^b	15.262 2^bc	15.672 8^b	15.008 8^bc	17.062 3^a	14.766 2^c

处理 Treatments	超氧化物歧化酶活性 Superoxide dismutase activity (SOD,U/g)	过氧化物酶活性 Peroxidase activity (POD,U/(min·g))	脱氢酶OD值 Dehydrogenase	丙二醛含量 Malondialdehyde content (μmol/g)
CK	209.10 ^f	34.50^e	0.115^g	5.33^a
H	231.56^e	42.17^d	0.138^f	4.05^b
A₁	264.31^c	48.50^b	0.125^e	3.97^b
A₂	304.19^a	56.08^a	0.163^a	2.88^c
A₃	247.96^d	43.50^cd	0.142^c	4.01^b
B₁	293.46^b	54.08^a	0.162^a	3.18^bc
B₂	244.89^d	43.75^cd	0.134^d	4.25^b
B₃	258.69^c	46.42^bc	0.153^b	3.70^bc

不同引发剂处理对春小麦种子活力及生理特性的影响

Effects of different priming treatments on seed vigor and physiological characteristics of spring wheat

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