不同果枝节位和铃位对棉花种子活力的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.02.005

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同果枝节位和铃位对棉花种子萌发和种子活力的影响。【方法】 选取中棉所49号、新陆早62号和新陆早64号为材料,按不同果枝节位和铃位适时采收,采用标准发芽试验测量发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数、幼苗鲜、干重等种子活力指标,分析不同果枝节位和铃位对棉花种子活力的影响。【结果】 棉花中部果枝种子活力最高,从中部往上下两侧推移,发芽势、发芽率和种子活力呈下降趋势,种子活力表现为中部果枝>上部果枝>下部果枝;中部果枝种子幼苗营养器官干重均高于下部果枝和上部果枝,而上部果枝和下部果枝因品种不同变化规律不同;铃位对种子活力的影响因品种不同而表现出不同的变化规律。【结论】 中部果枝棉籽种子活力最高,幼苗长势较好,利于形成壮苗,其次为上部和下部果枝;其中,铃位对种子活力的影响因品种不同而不同。生产棉花高活力种子,应尽量采收中部果枝的棉籽。

关键词: 棉花; 种子活力; 果枝节位; 铃位

Abstract:

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to determine the effects of different node position and boll position of fruit branch on seed germination and vigor of cotton seed. 【Methods】 Zhongmiansuo 49, Xinluzao 62 and Xinluzao 64 were selected as experimental materials and they were harvested at the appropriate time based on different node position and boll position, and the standard germination test was used to measure germination rate, germination potential, germination index, vigor index, fresh and dry weight of seedlings. Afterwards, the effects of different fruit branches and boll positions on cotton seed vigor were analyzed. 【Results】 The result indicates the seed vigor in middle fruit branch was the highest, and the seed had less germination potential, germination rate and seed vigor at upper fruit branch or lower fruit branch. The seed vigor with different fruit branches of main stem of the plant was: middle fruit branch > seed from upper fruit branch > lower fruit branch. Meanwhile, the dry weight of vegetative organs of seed seedlings in the middle fruit branch was higher than those in the upper branch and the lower branch, while the upper and the lower varied with different varieties. The effect of boll position on seed vitality showed different change patterns according to the varieties. 【Conclusion】 The middle branch on main stem of the plant produced the highest seed vigor as well as better growth seedling which is conducive to the formation of stronger seedlings, followed by the lower and upper fruit branches. In addition to that, the influence of boll position on seed vigor varies with cotton cultivars. The production of seeds with high vigor requires harvesting the central fruit branches of cotton seeds.

Key words: cotton; seed vigor; node position; boll position

中图分类号:

S562

石秀楠, 王玉娇, 米尔扎提·木塔力甫, 曼孜拉·阿布来提, 阿依米克然·阿布都许库尔, 张金汕. 不同果枝节位和铃位对棉花种子活力的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(2): 295-300.

SHI Xiunan, WANG Yujiao, Mierzhati Mutalifu, Manzila Abulaiti, Ayimikeran Abudouxukuer, ZHANG Jinshan. Effects of Node Position and Boll Position on Seed Vigor of Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(2): 295-300.

图/表 5

参考文献 20

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品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	发芽势 Germin ation poten tial (%)	发芽率 Germin ation percen tage (%)	发芽指数 Germin ation index	活力指数 Vigor index
中棉所49号 Zhongmian suo 49	下部果枝	51.15^bB	52.48^cC	3.98^aA	1.71^cC
	中部果枝	73.39^aA	73.79^aA	2.99^bB	3.36^aA
	上部果枝	49.13^cB	62.83^bB	2.94^cB	3.06^bB
新陆早62号 Xinluzao 62	下部果枝	27.21^cC	15.97^cC	3.22^bB	1.93^bB
	中部果枝	40.12^aA	29.06^aA	5.64^aA	2.45^aA
	上部果枝	30.29^bB	18.30^bB	2.57^cC	2.44^aA
新陆早64号 Xinluzao 64	下部果枝	22.49^cC	14.33^cC	3.05^cC	3.95^cC
	中部果枝	63.55^aA	49.32^aA	22.34^aA	11.84^aA
	上部果枝	31.00^bB	31.33^bB	10.40^bB	6.75^bB

品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	发芽势 Germin ation poten tial (%)	发芽率 Germin ation percen tage (%)	发芽指数 Germin ation index	活力指数 Vigor index
中棉所49号 Zhongmian suo 49	下部果枝	51.15^bB	52.48^cC	3.98^aA	1.71^cC
	中部果枝	73.39^aA	73.79^aA	2.99^bB	3.36^aA
	上部果枝	49.13^cB	62.83^bB	2.94^cB	3.06^bB
新陆早62号 Xinluzao 62	下部果枝	27.21^cC	15.97^cC	3.22^bB	1.93^bB
	中部果枝	40.12^aA	29.06^aA	5.64^aA	2.45^aA
	上部果枝	30.29^bB	18.30^bB	2.57^cC	2.44^aA
新陆早64号 Xinluzao 64	下部果枝	22.49^cC	14.33^cC	3.05^cC	3.95^cC
	中部果枝	63.55^aA	49.32^aA	22.34^aA	11.84^aA
	上部果枝	31.00^bB	31.33^bB	10.40^bB	6.75^bB

品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	茎 Stem		叶 Leaf		根 Root
品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)
中棉所49号 Zhongmiansuo 49	下部果枝	0.164 9^bA	0.031 9^bB	0.202 2^bAB	0.046 6^bB	0.054 9^cC	0.005 4^aA
	中部果枝	0.174 8^aA	0.043 2^aA	0.240 1^aA	0.056 2^aA	0.075 5^aA	0.005 2^aA
	上部果枝	0.144 3^cB	0.031 8^bB	0.162 0^cB	0.045 6^bB	0.063 1^bB	0.005 1^aA
新陆早62号 Xinluzao 62	下部果枝	0.286 1^bB	0.012 9^bB	0.235 7^bB	0.026 7^aA	0.065 8^cC	0.005 1^bB
	中部果枝	0.298 3^aA	0.014 5^aA	0.255 3^aA	0.027 0^aA	0.073 4^aA	0.005 8^aA
	上部果枝	0.268 3^cC	0.013 4^bB	0.206 3^cC	0.023 7^bB	0.069 2^bB	0.005 3^bB
新陆早64号 Xinluzao 64	下部果枝	0.273 4^aA	0.011 9^bB	0.224 9^bB	0.027 4^aA	0.062 5^bB	0.004 8^bB
	中部果枝	0.289 1^bB	0.013 5^aA	0.243 3^aA	0.028 1^aA	0.074 1^aA	0.005 4^aA
	上部果枝	0.262 1^cC	0.012 6^aA	0.201 9^cC	0.024 1^bB	0.068 7^bB	0.004 9^bB

品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	茎 Stem		叶 Leaf		根 Root
品种 Varieties	果枝部位 Fruit branch position	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)	鲜重 Fresh weight (g)	干重 Dry weight (g)
中棉所49号 Zhongmiansuo 49	下部果枝	0.164 9^bA	0.031 9^bB	0.202 2^bAB	0.046 6^bB	0.054 9^cC	0.005 4^aA
	中部果枝	0.174 8^aA	0.043 2^aA	0.240 1^aA	0.056 2^aA	0.075 5^aA	0.005 2^aA
	上部果枝	0.144 3^cB	0.031 8^bB	0.162 0^cB	0.045 6^bB	0.063 1^bB	0.005 1^aA
新陆早62号 Xinluzao 62	下部果枝	0.286 1^bB	0.012 9^bB	0.235 7^bB	0.026 7^aA	0.065 8^cC	0.005 1^bB
	中部果枝	0.298 3^aA	0.014 5^aA	0.255 3^aA	0.027 0^aA	0.073 4^aA	0.005 8^aA
	上部果枝	0.268 3^cC	0.013 4^bB	0.206 3^cC	0.023 7^bB	0.069 2^bB	0.005 3^bB
新陆早64号 Xinluzao 64	下部果枝	0.273 4^aA	0.011 9^bB	0.224 9^bB	0.027 4^aA	0.062 5^bB	0.004 8^bB
	中部果枝	0.289 1^bB	0.013 5^aA	0.243 3^aA	0.028 1^aA	0.074 1^aA	0.005 4^aA
	上部果枝	0.262 1^cC	0.012 6^aA	0.201 9^cC	0.024 1^bB	0.068 7^bB	0.004 9^bB

果枝部位 Fruit branch position	铃位 Boll position	发芽势 Germin- ation poten- tial (%)	发芽率 Germin- ation percen- tage (%)	发芽指数 Germin- ation index	活力指数 Vigor index
下部果枝 Lower fruit branch	第1铃位	50.70^cB	4.04^abA	41.11^cBC	1.10^bBC
	第2铃位	60.92^bB	4.57^aA	62.22^bAB	2.37^aA
	第3铃位	49.92^cB	2.82^bAB	78.33^aA	1.71^bAB
	第4铃位	80.83^aA	1.4867^cB	25.00^dC	0.43^cC
中部果枝 Middle fruit branch	第1铃位	58.23^bB	3.42^aA	53.89^cB	1.96^cC
	第2铃位	61.08^bB	3.95^aA	65.00^bB	2.81^bB
	第3铃位	79.69^aA	3.05^aA	84.67^aA	3.66^aA
	第4铃位	10.00^cC	0.25^bB	1.11^dC	—
上部果枝 Upper fruit branch	第1铃位	56.46^bB	3.85^aA	62.92^cB	2.44^cB
	第2铃位	78.61^aA	2.57^bB	76.53^bA	4.44^aA
	第3铃位	47.83^cC	1.74^cC	85.00^aA	3.87^bA
	第4铃位	1.67^dD	—	—	—