不同调节剂及喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征和抗倒伏性的影响

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.005

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 37-44.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.005

• 新疆主要粮食作物绿色丰产提质增效专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

不同调节剂及喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征和抗倒伏性的影响

张景灿¹^,²(), 徐其江²^,³, 张永强²^,³(), 雷钧杰²^,³, 吕晓庆⁴, 陈传信²^,³, 聂石辉²^,³, 徐文修¹()

1.新疆农业大学农学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091
3.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所,乌鲁木齐 830091
4.玛纳斯县农业技术推广中心,新疆玛纳斯 832200

收稿日期:2024-08-03 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-03-11
通信作者: 张永强(1988-),男,河南平舆人,副研究员,硕士生导师,研究方向为小麦高产栽培生理,(E-mail)zyq988@yeah.net；
徐文修(1962-),女,河北蠡县人,教授,博士,硕士生/博士生导师,研究方向为农作制度与农业生态,(E-mail)xjxwx@sina.com
作者简介:张景灿(2001-),男,福建晋江人,硕士,研究方向为小麦高产栽培与抗逆调控,(E-mail)myjc0120@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02001-3);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02002-1);国家自然科学基金项目(31960379);国家自然科学基金项目(51879267);新疆维吾尔自治区“天山英才”人才培养项目;国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-03-88);新疆维吾尔自治区小麦产业技术体系项目(XJARS-01)

Effects of different growth regulator and its application times on stem characteristics and lodging resistance of winter wheat under drip irrigation

ZHANG Jingcan¹^,²(), XU Qijiang²^,³, ZHANG Yongqiang²^,³(), LEI Junjie²^,³, LYU Xiaoqing⁴, CHEN Chuanxin²^,³, NIE Shihui²^,³, XU Wenxiu¹()

1. College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Key Laboratory of Desert-Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Cultivation,MOARA,Urumqi 830091,China
3. Research Institute of Food Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China
4. Manas Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Manas Xinjiang 832200, China

Received:2024-08-03 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2025-03-11
Supported by:
Key Scientific R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B02001-3);Key Scientific R & D Program Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002-1);Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(31960379);Projects of National Natural Science Foundation of China(51879267);"Tianshan Talents" Talent Training Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region;Earmarked Fund of CARS(CARS-03-88);Earmarked Fund of XJARS(XJARS-01)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究不同外源生长调节剂及其喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征及其抗倒伏性的影响,筛选滴灌冬小麦最适的外源生长调节剂及调节剂喷施次数,为新疆滴灌冬小麦抗倒伏及其调控措施提供理论依据。【方法】 以新冬18号为材料,于2021~2022年在大田滴灌条件下,采用裂区试验设计,以清水对照(CK)、调环酸钙·烯效唑(A)、矮壮素(B)、烯效·甲哌鎓(C)、抗倒酯(D)、多效唑(E)为主区,起身期喷施(P₁)、起身期+拔节期各喷施1次(P₂)为副区,共计12个处理。研究不同处理对滴灌冬小麦株高、重心高度、节间长度、茎秆抗折力以及产量的影响。【结果】 施用调节剂各处理均能有效抑制滴灌冬小麦株高,降低重心高度和节间长度,提高基部茎秆抗折力,喷施1次调节剂和喷施2次调节剂的处理基部茎秆抗折力平均提高了8.97%和14.89%。BP₂处理可有效提高滴灌冬小麦有效穗数和千粒重,CP₂处理下滴灌冬小麦穗数增加明显,喷施1次调节剂前提下,AP₁、BP₁、CP₁处理增产达到10%以上,喷施2次调节剂前提下,AP₂、BP₂、CP₂、DP₂处理增产均能达到10%以上。【结论】 在起身期和拔节期分别喷施1次调环酸钙·烯效唑(AP₂)和矮壮素(BP₂)株高相对适宜、茎秆抗倒伏性较好、籽粒增产幅度大。

关键词: 冬小麦; 滴灌; 生长调节剂; 抗倒伏

Abstract:

【Objective】 To select the most suitable growth regulators and the application times of regulators in the hope of providing theoretical basis for lodging resistance and control measures of Xinjiang drip irrigation wheat. 【Methods】 Xinjong 18 were taken as the material, and different regulators as the main zones under the field drip irrigation conditions from 2021 to 2022: clear water control (CK), calcium modulate · Enodozole (A), nanocin (B), enodozole·methylpiperonium (C), antyloxyl ester (D), polylodozole (E), and in addition, the frequency of regulator application was used as the secondary zones: A total of 12 treatments were applied at rise stage (P₁) and rise stage + jointing stage (P₂) to analyze the effects of different treatments on plant height, center of gravity height, internode length, stem diameter, stem bending resistance and yield of winter wheat under drip irrigation. 【Results】 The results showed that the plant height could be controlled effectively, the center of gravity height and internode length could be reduced, and the bending resistance of the basal stems could be improved. The bending resistance of the basal stems was increased by 8.97% and 14.89% in the treatment of one-time and twice spraying of regulator. BP₂ treatment could effectively increase the effective panicle number and 1000-grain weight, and the panicle number increased significantly under CP₂ treatment. Under the premise of spraying one regulator, the yield increased by more than 10% under AP₁, BP₁ and CP₁ treatments, and under the premise of spraying two regulators, the yield increased by more than 10% under AP₂, BP₂, CP₂ and DP₂ treatments. 【Conclusion】 The plant height of AP₂ and BP₂ are relatively suitable, the stem lodging resistance is better, and the grain yield is increased greatly.

Key words: winter wheat; drip irrigation; growth regulator; lodging resistance

中图分类号:

S512.1

张景灿, 徐其江, 张永强, 雷钧杰, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 徐文修. 不同调节剂及喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征和抗倒伏性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 37-44.

ZHANG Jingcan, XU Qijiang, ZHANG Yongqiang, LEI Junjie, LYU Xiaoqing, CHEN Chuanxin, NIE Shihui, XU Wenxiu. Effects of different growth regulator and its application times on stem characteristics and lodging resistance of winter wheat under drip irrigation[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 37-44.

图/表 6

参考文献 19

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调节剂 Regulator	药剂用量及兑水量 Dosage and dilution of medication		处理编号 Processing number
调节剂 Regulator	药剂用量 Dosage of medication	兑水量 Mixing volume (kg/ hm²)	起身期 Rise period	起身期+拔节期 Rise period+ Jointing stage
清水(对照)Water(CK)	-	450	CKP₁	CKP₂
调环酸钙·烯效唑(A) Calcium succinate·Fluconazole	180 g/ hm²	450	AP₁	AP₂
矮壮素Cycocel	2 700 mL/ hm²	450	BP₁	BP₂
烯效·甲哌鎓 Vinyl effect Methyl phenidate	450 mL/ hm²	450	CP₁	CP₂
抗倒酯Tinexapal-ethyl	450 mL/ hm²	450	DP₁	DP₂
多效唑Paclobutrazol	600 g/ hm²	450	EP₁	EP₂

调节剂 Regulator	药剂用量及兑水量 Dosage and dilution of medication		处理编号 Processing number
调节剂 Regulator	药剂用量 Dosage of medication	兑水量 Mixing volume (kg/ hm²)	起身期 Rise period	起身期+拔节期 Rise period+ Jointing stage
清水(对照)Water(CK)	-	450	CKP₁	CKP₂
调环酸钙·烯效唑(A) Calcium succinate·Fluconazole	180 g/ hm²	450	AP₁	AP₂
矮壮素Cycocel	2 700 mL/ hm²	450	BP₁	BP₂
烯效·甲哌鎓 Vinyl effect Methyl phenidate	450 mL/ hm²	450	CP₁	CP₂
抗倒酯Tinexapal-ethyl	450 mL/ hm²	450	DP₁	DP₂
多效唑Paclobutrazol	600 g/ hm²	450	EP₁	EP₂

施用次数 Number of uses	处理 Treat- ments	各节间长度 Length of each internode(cm)
施用次数 Number of uses	处理 Treat- ments	1 st	2 nd	3 rd	4 th
喷施1次 Spray once	CKP₁	31.29^a	22.10^a	14.91^a	12.27^b
	AP₁	27.39^c	20.35^b	12.31^c	11.45^c
	BP₁	28.62^b	19.48^bc	13.25^b	10.79^d
	CP₁	30.69^a	21.48^a	14.53^a	12.95^a
	DP₁	27.14^c	19.06^c	13.34^b	11.71^bc
	EP₁	26.95^c	18.63^c	12.96^bc	10.62^d
喷施2次 Spray twice	CKP₂	31.46^a	22.50^a	15.11^a	12.65^a
	AP₂	31.19^ab	21.89^ab	14.42^ab	12.00^ab
	BP₂	27.34^d	19.32^c	13.02^cd	10.63^c
	CP₂	29.24^c	20.97^b	13.92^bc	11.69^b
	DP₂	30.15^bc	18.48^cd	13.13^cd	11.52^b
	EP₂	30.07^bc	17.91^d	12.73^d	9.53^d

施用次数 Number of uses	处理 Treat- ments	各节间长度 Length of each internode(cm)
施用次数 Number of uses	处理 Treat- ments	1 st	2 nd	3 rd	4 th
喷施1次 Spray once	CKP₁	31.29^a	22.10^a	14.91^a	12.27^b
	AP₁	27.39^c	20.35^b	12.31^c	11.45^c
	BP₁	28.62^b	19.48^bc	13.25^b	10.79^d
	CP₁	30.69^a	21.48^a	14.53^a	12.95^a
	DP₁	27.14^c	19.06^c	13.34^b	11.71^bc
	EP₁	26.95^c	18.63^c	12.96^bc	10.62^d
喷施2次 Spray twice	CKP₂	31.46^a	22.50^a	15.11^a	12.65^a
	AP₂	31.19^ab	21.89^ab	14.42^ab	12.00^ab
	BP₂	27.34^d	19.32^c	13.02^cd	10.63^c
	CP₂	29.24^c	20.97^b	13.92^bc	11.69^b
	DP₂	30.15^bc	18.48^cd	13.13^cd	11.52^b
	EP₂	30.07^bc	17.91^d	12.73^d	9.53^d

处理 Treatments	穗数 Spikes (10⁴/hm²)	穗粒数 Kernels per spike	千粒重 1000- kernel weight (g)	产量 Grain yield (kg/hm²)
CKP₁	765.60^ab	32.02^ab	34.60^ab	6 785.62^c
AP₁	794.40^ab	33.15^a	34.16^b	7 196.65^a
BP₁	768.90^ab	32.33^ab	35.96^a	7 151.30^a
CP₁	787.95^a	32.66^ab	34.32^b	7 065.65^a
DP₁	757.80^b	32.51^ab	34.74^ab	6 846.86^b
EP₁	752.25^b	31.43^b	33.90^b	6 412.04^c
CKP₂	760.00^a	33.46^b	33.53^c	6 821.44^a
AP₂	793.33^a	34.78^b	35.31^ab	7 795.51^a
BP₂	806.11^a	33.47^b	36.55^a	7 889.40^a
CP₂	723.33^a	38.88^a	34.39^bc	7 735.97^a
DP₂	762.22^a	34.97^b	36.16^a	7 710.42^a
EP₂	747.78^a	39.21^a	31.60^d	7 413.52^a

不同调节剂及喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征和抗倒伏性的影响

Effects of different growth regulator and its application times on stem characteristics and lodging resistance of winter wheat under drip irrigation

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