氮磷钾配施对冬小麦产量和品质的影响及其肥效分析

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.001

新疆农业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 62 ›› Issue (1): 1-12.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2025.01.001

• 新疆主要粮食作物绿色丰产提质增效专栏 • 上一篇下一篇

氮磷钾配施对冬小麦产量和品质的影响及其肥效分析

孙娜¹(), 马林¹, 邹辉¹, 张志辉¹, 张胜军¹, 黄倩楠¹, 杨蕙¹, 登斯拉木·吐尔逊拜¹, 李志彬², 曹俊梅³(), 雷钧杰³()

1.伊犁哈萨克自治州农业科学研究所/伊犁州农作物育种及品质检测重点实验室,新疆伊宁 835000
2.新源县农业技术推广站,新疆新源 844900
3.新疆农业科学院粮食作物研究所/农业农村部荒漠绿洲作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室,乌鲁木齐 830091

收稿日期:2024-08-10 出版日期:2025-01-20 发布日期:2025-03-11
通信作者: 曹俊梅(1978-),女,甘肃人,副研究员,研究方向为小麦遗传育种,(E-mail)caojm0508@126.com；
雷钧杰(1972-),男,甘肃古浪人,研究员,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为小麦高产高效栽培,(E-mail)leijunjie@souhu.com
作者简介:孙娜(1982-),女,吉林人,高级农艺师,研究方向为小麦遗传育种,(E-mail)Sna18509993321@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2021B02002-1);新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发计划项目(2022B02015-2);伊犁哈萨克自治州科技计划项目(YZ2022A006);新疆现代农业小麦产业技术体系(XJARS-01);国家小麦产业技术体系乌鲁木齐综合试验站(CARS-03-88)

Analysis of combined application of NPK fertilizers on yield and quality of winter wheat and the fertilizer effect

SUN Na¹(), MA Lin¹, ZOU Hui¹, ZHANG Zhihui¹, ZHANG Shengjun¹, HUANG Qiannan¹, YANG Hui¹, Dengsilamu Tuerxunbai¹, LI Zhibin², CAO Junmei³(), LEI Junjie³()

1. Key Laboratory of Crop Breeding and Quality Testing of Yili Prefecture /Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Yili Prefecture, Yining Xinjiang 835000,China
2. Agricultural Technology Extension Station of Xinyuan County,Xinyuan Xinjiang 844900, China
3. Key Laboratory of Desert Oasis Crop Physiology,Ecology and Tillage, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas/ Institute of Grain Crops,Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091,China

Received:2024-08-10 Published:2025-01-20 Online:2025-03-11
Supported by:
Major Scientific R &D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2021B02002-1);Major Scientific R &D Program Special Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2022B02015-2);Science and Technology Program Project of Yili Prefecture(YZ2022A006);Xinjiang Agriculture Research System(XJARS-01);China Agriculture Research System(CARS-03-88)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

【目的】 研究氮磷钾(NPK)肥配施对冬小麦产量和品质的影响,并分析其肥料效应,探明小麦高产、优质、高效的最佳NPK施肥量和施肥配比,为提高小麦的施肥效率提供科学依据。【方法】 以冬小麦品种新冬42号为材料,采用“3414”肥料效应设计方案,设置田间小区试验,测定冬小麦产量和品质相关性状并进行肥料效应模型拟合。【结果】 氮磷钾肥对产量的影响有互作效应,互作效应大小依次为NPK>NP>NK>PK。14个处理中,N₂P₂K₂处理的冬小麦产量和经济效益最高,分别为8 036.03 kg/hm²和18 044.85元/hm²。氮、磷、钾施用量分别为190.21、122.27和53.11 kg/hm²时,冬小麦产量最大,为8 082.75 kg/hm²;氮、磷、钾施用量分别为171.03、108.18和44.77 kg/hm²时,冬小麦经济效益最佳,为18 056.37元/hm²;氮、磷、钾施用量分别为180.00、125.69和50.90 kg/hm²时,淀粉干基含量最大,为5 742.29 kg/hm²;氮、磷、钾施用量分别为274.64、69.75和138.95 kg/hm²时,湿面筋含量最大,为2 766.20 kg/hm²。【结论】 合理施用氮磷钾肥可以显著提高新冬42号的产量、品质和经济效益。

关键词: 冬小麦; 氮磷钾肥; 肥料效应; 产量; 品质

Abstract:

【Objective】 It is important to study the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium (NPK) fertilizer rationing on the yield and quality of wheat and the fertilizer effect, and to find out the optimal NPK fertilizer application rate and fertilizer ration for high yield, high quality and high efficiency of wheat. 【Methods】 The winter wheat cultivar Xindong 42 was used as the test material, and the fertilizer effect test design scheme "3414" was adopted to conduct the field plot test to determine the yield and quality related traits of winter wheat and to fit the fertilizer effect model. 【Results】 Meanwhile the effect of NPK fertilizer on yield showed reciprocal effects, with the size of the reciprocal effects being NPK>NP>NK>PK in the order of NPK>NP>PK. Among the 14 treatments, N₂P₂K₂ had the highest yield and economic benefit of 8,036.03 kg/hm² and 18,044.85 yuan/hm², respectively. After being analyzed by the regression equation, the maximum yield of 8,082.75 kg/hm² was achieved when the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium were 190.21, 122.27 and 53.11 kg/hm², respectively; the best economic benefit achieved was 18,056.37/hm²,when the application rates 171.03, 108.18 and 44.77 kg/hm², respectively; maximum starch dry basis content 5,742.29 kg/hm² was obtained 180.00, 125.69 and 50.90 kg/hm², respectively; maximum wet gluten content 274.64, 69.75 and 138.95 kg/hm², respectively. 【Conclusion】 Reasonable application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers could significantly improve the yield, quality and economic benefits of Xindong 42.

Key words: winter wheat; NPK fertilizers; fertilizer effect; yield; quality

中图分类号:

S512.1

孙娜, 马林, 邹辉, 张志辉, 张胜军, 黄倩楠, 杨蕙, 登斯拉木·吐尔逊拜, 李志彬, 曹俊梅, 雷钧杰. 氮磷钾配施对冬小麦产量和品质的影响及其肥效分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 1-12.

SUN Na, MA Lin, ZOU Hui, ZHANG Zhihui, ZHANG Shengjun, HUANG Qiannan, YANG Hui, Dengsilamu Tuerxunbai, LI Zhibin, CAO Junmei, LEI Junjie. Analysis of combined application of NPK fertilizers on yield and quality of winter wheat and the fertilizer effect[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2025, 62(1): 1-12.

图/表 6

参考文献 47

[1]	李美宁, 耿卫东. 新疆伊犁河谷小麦生产现状及对策建议[J]. 耕作与栽培, 2022, 42(3): 147-150.
	LI Meining, GENG Weidong. Current situation of wheat production in the Ili River Valley of Xinjiang and suggestions for countermeasures[J]. Tillage and Cultivation, 2022, 42(3): 147-150.
[2]	Sawadi S Z, Noni G B. Effect of Addition and Organic Matter on Irrigation Efficiency, NPK Availability and Wheat Yield (L.)[C]//IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science. IOP Publishing, 2023, 1158(2): 022029.
[3]	Nitharwal P K, Chauhan P S, Mandeewal R L, et al. Influence of Different Levels and Methods of NPK Fertilizer Application on the Growth and Production of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in Arid Region of Rajasthan[J]. International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 2022, 34(16): 107-114.
[4]	Singh P, Chitale S, Lakpale R, et al. Effect of different NPK levels, splitting of soil application and foliar feeding of NPK (19: 19: 19) fertilizer on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)[J]. 2023, 12(3): 1344-1354.
[5]	Duncan E G, O'Sullivan C A, Roper M M, et al. Yield and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat increased with root length and biomass due to nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium interactions[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2018, 181(3): 364-373.
[6]	孔凡斌, 郭巧苓, 潘丹. 中国粮食作物的过量施肥程度评价及时空分异[J]. 经济地理, 2018, 38(10): 201-210,240.
	KONG Fanbin, GUO Qiaoling, PAN Dan. Evaluation of the degree of over-fertilization and spatial and temporal divergence of grain crops in China[J]. Economic Geography, 2018, 38(10): 201-210,240.
[7]	郝雯悦, 王西娜, 王月梅, 等. 小麦过量施肥的危害及化肥减施途径[J]. 现代农业科技, 2022, (24): 40-44,48.
	HAO Wenyue, WANG Xina, WANG Yuemei, et al. Hazards of over-fertilization of wheat and ways of fertilizer reduction[J]. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2022, (24): 40-44,48.
[8]	叶雪峰. 优化施肥和秸秆还田对旱地作物氮磷利用及径流损失的影响研究[D]. 南京: 南京农业大学, 2020.
	YE Xuefeng. Research on the effects of optimized fertilization and straw return on nitrogen and phosphorus utilization and runoff loss of dryland crops[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Agricultural University, 2020.
[9]	Wang Y, Wu Y, Cao C, et al. Effects of fertilizer reduction coupled with straw returning on soil fertility, wheat root endophytic bacteria, and the occurrence of wheat crown rot[J]. Frontiers in Microbiology, 2023, 14: 1143480.
[10]	谭人伟. 探究农业面源污染防治的难点、问题及对策[J]. 低碳世界, 2019, 9(8): 60-61.
	TAN Renwei. Exploring the difficulties, problems and countermeasures of agricultural surface pollution prevention and control[J]. Low Carbon World, 2019, 9(8): 60-61.
[11]	郭丹丹, 刘哲文, 常旭虹, 等. 不同氮磷钾肥处理对小麦产量和品质的影响[J]. 农业科技通讯, 2022, (3): 47-52.
	GUO Dandan, LIU Zhewen, CHANG Xuhong, et al. Effects of different nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer treatments on yield and quality of wheat[J]. Agricultural Science and Technology Newsletter, 2022, (3): 47-52.
[12]	赵海波, 林琪, 刘义国, 等. 氮磷配施对“济麦22”小麦产量及品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2010, 16(6): 1325-1332.
	ZHAO Haibo, LIN Qi, LIU Yiguo, et al. Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus on the yield and quality of "Jimai 22" wheat[J]. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer, 2010, 16(6): 1325-1332.
[13]	赵广才, 常旭虹, 杨玉双, 等. 氮磷钾运筹对不同小麦品种产量和品质的调节效应[J]. 麦类作物学报, 2011, 31(1): 106-112.
	ZHAO Guangcai, CHANG Xuhong, YANG Yushuang, et al. Regulatory effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium transport on yield and quality of different wheat varieties[J]. Journal of Triticeae Crops, 2011, 31(1): 106-112.
[14]	魏双雨, 李敏, 吉文丽, 等. 适宜氮磷钾用量和配比提高油用牡丹产量和出油量[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2019, 25(5): 880-888.
	WEI Shuangyu, LI Min, JI Wenli, et al. Appropriate dosage and ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium to improve the yield and oil production of oil peony[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2019, 25(5): 880-888.
[15]	詹其厚, 王慎强, 周静, 等. 沿淮低洼地玉米施肥效应与土壤供肥能力研究[J]. 土壤通报, 2011, 42(6): 1415-1419.
	ZHAN Qihou, WANG Shenqiang, ZHOU Jing, et al. Study on fertilization effects on maize and soil nutrient supply capacity in lowland along Huaihe river[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2011, 42 (6):1415-1419.
[16]	孙小花, 谢亚萍, 牛俊义, 等. 不同供钾水平对胡麻花后干物质转运分配及钾肥利用效率的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2015,(1): 192-201. DOI
	SUN Xiaohua, XIE Yaping, NIU Junyi, et al. Effects of different levels of potassium supply on post-flowering dry matter translocation allocation and potash utilization efficiency in Huzhou[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2015, (1): 192-201. DOI
[17]	马海洋, 石伟琦, 刘亚男, 等. 氮, 磷, 钾肥对卡因菠萝产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(4): 901-907.
	MA Haiyang, SHI Wenqi, LIU Yanan, et al. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and quality of pineapple in Cayenne[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2013, 19(4): 901-907.
[18]	王忠, 顾蕴洁, 陈刚, 等. 稻米的品质和影响因素[J]. 分子植物育种, 2003, 1(2): 231-241.
	WANG Zhong, GU Yunjie, CHEN Gang, et al. Quality of rice and factors affecting it[J]. Molecular Plant Breeding, 2003, 1(2): 231-241.
[19]	王成瑷, 张文香, 赵磊, 等. 氮磷钾肥料用量对水稻产量与品质的影响[J]. 吉林农业科学, 2010, 35(1): 28-33.
	WANG Chengai, ZHANG Wenxiang, ZHAO Lei, et al. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on rice yield and quality[J]. Jilin Agricultural Sciences, 2010, 35(1): 28-33.
[20]	魏冬峰, 张利霞, 常青山, 等. 氮磷钾平衡施肥对凤丹光合特性的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2016,(11): 2265-2273. DOI
	WEI Dongfeng, ZHANG Lixia, CHANG Qingshan, et al. Effects of balanced fertilization with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on photosynthetic characteristics of Fengdan[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2016,(11): 2265-2273. DOI
[21]	杜少平, 马忠明, 薛亮. 氮磷钾配施对砂田西瓜产量和品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2016, 22(2): 468-475.
	DU Shaoping, MA Zhongming, XUE Liang. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rationing on yield and quality of watermelon in sand field[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2016, 22(2): 468-475.
[22]	李生秀. 植物营养与肥料学科的现状与展望[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 1999, 5(3): 193-205.
	LI Shengxiu. Current status and prospects of plant nutrition and fertilizer[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 1999, 5(3): 193-205.
[23]	刘刚, 殷浩, 罗春燕, 等. 不同施肥处理对桑叶产量及其品质的影响[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012, 18(2): 506-511.
	LIU Gang, YIN Hao, LUO Chunyan, et al. Effects of different fertilization treatments on the yield and quality of mulberry leaves[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2012, 18(2): 506-511.
[24]	王峰, 王顺霞, 王占军, 等. 不同施肥水平与组合对玉米生产性能的影响研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2005, 19(4): 167-171.
	WANG Feng, WANG Shunxia, WANG Zhanjun, et al. Effects of different fertilization levels and combinations on maize production performance[J]. Arid Zone Resources and Environment, 2005, 19(4): 167-171.
[25]	李浩, 徐瑞, 施辉能, 等. 氮磷钾配施对玛咖产量和品质的影响及肥料效应[J]. 核农学报, 2021, 35(10): 2404-2412. DOI
	LI Hao, XU Rui, SHI Huineng, et al. Effects of Combined application of N,P and K fertilizers on the yield and quality of lepidium meyenii and its fertilizer interaction[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 35(10): 2404-2412. DOI
[26]	许丹枫, 罗丹丹, 夏运生, 等. 氮、钾配施对杭菊生长、产量和元素含量的影响[J]. 西南农业学报, 2019, 32(10): 2360-2366.
	XU Danfeng, LUO Dandan, XIA Yunsheng, et al. Effects of combined application of nitrogen and potassium on growth,yield and mineral elements of chrysanthemum morifolium[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 32(10): 2360-2366.).
[27]	苏文华, 张光飞, 王泽明, 等. 氮,磷和钾肥对灯盏花生长和有效成分积累的影响[J]. 中草药, 2009, (12): 1963-1966.
	SU Wenhua, ZHANG Guangfei, WANG Zeming, et al. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on the growth and active ingredient accumulation of Lampsia chinensis[J]. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2009, (12): 1963-1966.
[28]	宋毓雪, 胡静洁, 孔德章, 等. 不同氮, 磷, 钾水平对苦荞产量和品质的影响[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2014, 41(3): 411-415.
	SONG Yuxue, HU Jinjie, KONG Dezhang, et al. Effects of different levels of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield and quality of buckwheat[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2014, 41(3): 411-415.
[29]	鲁泽刚, 卢迎春, 张广辉, 等. 氮磷钾配施对灯盏花产量和品质的影响及肥料效应[J]. 核农学报, 2019,(3): 616-622. DOI
	LU Zegang, LU Yingchun, ZHANG Guanghong, et al. Influence of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium rationing on yield and quality of lamp blossom and fertilizer effect[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2019,(3): 616-622. DOI
[30]	姜东, 戴廷波, 荆奇, 等. 氮磷钾肥长期配合施用对冬小麦籽粒品质的影响[J]. 中国农业科学, 2004, 37(4): 566-571.
	JIANG Dong, DAI Tingbo, JING Qi, et al. Effects of long-term combined application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on grain quality of winter wheat[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2004, 37(4): 566-571.
[31]	郑志松, 王晨阳, 牛俊义, 等. 水肥耦合对冬小麦籽粒蛋白质及氨基酸含量的影响[J]. 中国生态农业学报, 2011, 19(4): 788-793.
	ZHANG Zhisong, WANG Chenyang, NIU Junyi, et al. Effects of water-fertilizer coupling on protein and amino acid content of winter wheat kernels[J]. Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture, 2011, 19(4): 788-793.
[32]	熊江霞, 薛裕国, 郑建渠, 等. 磷钾配比对小麦品质和产量影响的研究[J]. 江苏耕地质量建设论文集, 2008.
	XIONG Jiangxia, XUE Yuguo, ZHENG Jianqu, et al. Effects of phosphorus and potassium ratios on wheat quality and yield[J]. Proceedings of Jiangsu Cultivated Land Quality Construction, 2008.
[33]	朱英杰, 冯金凤, 常旭虹, 等. 氮磷钾肥对不同冬小麦产量及加工品质的影响[J]. 2018 中国作物学会学术年会论文摘要集, 2018.
	ZHU Yingjie, FENG Jinfeng, CHANG Xuhong, et al. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers on yield and processing quality of different winter wheat[J]. 2018 Crop Society of China Academic Annual Conference Abstracts Collection, 2018.
[34]	张艳艳, 刘淋茹, 袁鑫茹, 等. 不同水分条件下施磷对冬小麦穗花结实及光合特性的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2024, (14): 1-15[2024-06-12].
	ZHANG Yanyan, LIU Linfu, YUAN Xinru, et al. Effects of phosphorus application on spike floret development into grain and photosynthetic characteristics of winter wheat under different water treatments[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2024, (14): 1-15[2024-06-12].
[35]	李勇, 吕文河, 吕典秋, 等. 施氮水平对不同淀粉型马铃薯块茎产量和淀粉品质的影响[J]. 中国农业大学学报, 2019, 24(3): 27-38.
	LI Yong, LV Wenhe, LV Dianqiu, et al. Effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rate on the tuber yield andstarch quality of potato varieties with different starch contents[J]. Journal of China Agricultural University, 2019, 24(3): 27-38.
[36]	周忠新, 于振文, 许卫霞, 等. 氮磷钾用量及配比对小麦产量、蛋白质含量和肥料利用率的影响[J]. 山东农业科学, 2006,(3): 42-44.
	ZhOU Zhongxin, YU Zhenwen, XU Weixia, et al. Effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium dosage and ratio on wheat yield, protein content and fertilizer utilization[J]. Shandong Agricultural Sciences, 2006,(3): 42-44.
[37]	朱兆良, 金继运. 保障我国粮食安全的肥料问题[J]. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2013, 19(2): 259-273.
	ZHU Zhaoliang, JIN Jiyun. Fertilizer use and food security in China[J]. Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science, 2013, 19(2): 259-273.
[38]	吴兵, 高玉红, 谢亚萍, 等. 氮磷配施对旱地胡麻干物质积累和籽粒产量的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2017, 31(5): 996-1004. DOI
	WU Bing, GAO Yuhong. XIE Yaping, et al. Effects of nitrogen application combined with phosphorus on dry matter accumulation and seed yield of rain-fed flax[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2017, 31(5): 996-1004. DOI
[39]	Mathe-Gaspar G, Radimszky L, Mathe P. Changes in growth parameters and water content of young canola in response to N fertilization on two sites[J]. Cereal Research Communications, 2008, 36: 1495-1498.
[40]	战秀梅, 韩晓日, 杨劲峰, 等. 不同氮, 磷, 钾肥用量对玉米源, 库干物质积累动态变化的影响[J]. 土壤通报, 2007, 38(3): 495-499.
	ZHAN Xiumei, HAN Xiaori, YANG Jingfeng, et al. Dynamics changes of dry matter accumulation of maize as affected by different quantity of nitrogen and phosphorus and potassium[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2007, 38(3): 495-499.
[41]	张均华, 刘建立, 张佳宝, 等. 施氮量对稻麦干物质转运与氮肥利用的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2010, 36(10): 1736-1742. DOI
	ZHANG Junhua, LIU Jianli, ZHANG Jiabao, et al. Utilization of nitrogen in rice and wheat effects of nitrogen application rates on translocation of dry matter and wheat[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2010, 36(10): 1736-1742. DOI
[42]	Cui Z, Zhang F, Chen X, et al. In-season nitrogen management strategy for winter wheat: Maximizing yields, minimizing environmental impact in an over-fertilization context[J]. Field Crops Research, 2010, 116(1-2): 140-146.
[43]	陆增根, 戴廷波, 姜东, 等. 氮肥运筹对弱筋小麦群体指标与产量和品质形成的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2007, 33(4): 590-597.
	LU Zenggen, DAI Tingbo, JANG Dong, et al. Effeets of nitrogen strategies on population quality Index and grain yield & quality in Weak-Gluten wheat[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2007, 33(4): 590-597.
[44]	王月福, 于振文, 李尚霞, 等. 土壤肥力和施氮量对小麦氮素吸收运转及籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2003, 14(11): 1868-1872.
	WANG Yuefu, YU Zhenwen, LI Shangxia, et al. Effects of soil fertility and nitrogen application rate on nitrogen absorption and translocation, grain yield, and grain protein content of wheat[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2003, 14(11): 1868-1872. PMID
[45]	沈玉芳, 曲东, 王保莉, 等. 干旱胁迫下磷营养对不同作物苗期根系导水率的影响[J]. 作物学报, 2005, 31(2): 214-218.
	SHEN Yufang, QU Dong, WANG Baoli, et al. Effects of Phosphorus on Root Hydraulic Conductivity of Crops under Drought Stress[J]. Acta Agronomica Sinica, 2005, 31(2): 214-218.
[46]	王乐政, 华方静, 曹鹏鹏, 等. 氮磷钾配施对红小豆干物质积累, 产量和效益的影响[J]. 核农学报, 2019, 33(10): 2058-2067. DOI
	WANG Lezheng, HUA Fanjing, CAO Pengpeng, et al. Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium combined application ondry matter accumulation, yield and economic benefits of adzuki bean[J]. Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, 2019, 33(10): 2058-2067. DOI
[47]	闫湘, 金继运, 梁鸣早. 我国主要粮食作物化肥增产效应与肥料利用效率[J]. 土壤, 2017, 49(6): 1067-1077.
	YAN Xiang, JIN Jiyun, LIANG Mingzao. Fertilizer Use Efficiencies and Yield-increasing Rates of Grain Crops in China[J]. Soils, 2017, 49(6): 1067-1077.

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

阅读次数

全文

128

HTML			PDF

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版	最新录用	在线预览	正式出版
0	0	35	0	0	93

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	93	35
比例	73%	27%

摘要

1592

最新录用	在线预览	正式出版

0	0	1592

来源	本网站	其他网站

次数	133	1459
比例	8%	92%

处理 Treatments	养分 Nutrition (kg/hm²)			施肥量 Fertilizer amounts (kg/hm²)
处理 Treatments	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	尿素 Urea	重过磷酸钙 Heavy calcium superphosphate	颗粒硫酸钾 Granular potassium sulfate
N₀P₀K₀	0	0	0	0	0	0
N₀P₂K₂	0	110.40	45.90	0	240	114.75
N₁P₂K₂	82.80	110.40	45.90	180	240	114.75
N₂P₀K₂	165.60	0	45.90	360	0	114.75
N₂P₁K₂	165.60	55.20	45.90	360	120	114.75
N₂P₂K₂	165.60	110.40	45.90	360	240	114.75
N₂P₃K₂	165.60	165.60	45.90	360	360	114.75
N₂P₂K₀	165.60	110.40	0	360	240	0
N₂P₂K₁	165.60	110.40	22.95	360	240	57.45
N₂P₂K₃	165.60	110.40	68.85	360	240	172.20
N₃P₂K₂	248.40	110.40	45.90	540	240	114.75
N₁P₁K₂	82.80	55.20	45.90	180	120	114.75
N₁P₂K₁	82.80	110.40	22.95	180	240	57.45
N₂P₁K₁	165.60	55.20	22.95	360	120	57.45

处理 Treatments	养分 Nutrition (kg/hm²)			施肥量 Fertilizer amounts (kg/hm²)
处理 Treatments	N	P₂O₅	K₂O	尿素 Urea	重过磷酸钙 Heavy calcium superphosphate	颗粒硫酸钾 Granular potassium sulfate
N₀P₀K₀	0	0	0	0	0	0
N₀P₂K₂	0	110.40	45.90	0	240	114.75
N₁P₂K₂	82.80	110.40	45.90	180	240	114.75
N₂P₀K₂	165.60	0	45.90	360	0	114.75
N₂P₁K₂	165.60	55.20	45.90	360	120	114.75
N₂P₂K₂	165.60	110.40	45.90	360	240	114.75
N₂P₃K₂	165.60	165.60	45.90	360	360	114.75
N₂P₂K₀	165.60	110.40	0	360	240	0
N₂P₂K₁	165.60	110.40	22.95	360	240	57.45
N₂P₂K₃	165.60	110.40	68.85	360	240	172.20
N₃P₂K₂	248.40	110.40	45.90	540	240	114.75
N₁P₁K₂	82.80	55.20	45.90	180	120	114.75
N₁P₂K₁	82.80	110.40	22.95	180	240	57.45
N₂P₁K₁	165.60	55.20	22.95	360	120	57.45

处理 Treat- ments	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	氮肥投入 N input (元/hm²)	磷肥投入 P input (元/hm²)	钾肥投入 K input (元/hm²)	肥料总投入 Total fertilizer input (元/hm²)	产值 Output value (元/hm²)	经济效益 Economic benefit (元/hm²)
N₀P₀K₀	5 135.35±52.20^h	0	0	0	0	12 427.55^h	12 427.55±126.32^j
N₀P₂K₂	6 557.07±5.82^g	0	455.95	298.35	754.30	15 868.10g	15 113.80±14.08ⁱ
N₁P₂K₂	7 507.13±70.91^d	323.75	455.95	298.35	1 078.05	18 167.26^d	17 089.21±171.60^fg
N₂P₀K₂	7 215.32±13.20^f	647.50	0	298.35	945.85	17 461.07^f	16 515.22±31.94^h
N₂P₁K₂	7 629.05±26.89^c	647.50	227.98	298.35	1 173.83	18 462.30^c	17 288.47±65.08^ef
N₂P₂K₂	8 036.03±37.23^a	647.50	455.95	298.35	1 401.80	19 447.20^a	18 045.40±90.10^a
N₂P₃K₂	7 984.50±5.25^a	647.50	683.93	298.35	1 629.78	19 322.49^a	17 692.71±12.70^bc
N₂P₂K₀	7 532.12±84.22^d	647.50	455.95	0	1 103.45	18 227.72^d	17 124.27±203.82 ^fg
N₂P₂K₁	7 731.57±41.50^b	647.50	455.95	149.18	1 252.63	18 710.39^b	17 457.76±100.44^de
N₂P₂K₃	8 010.02±26.23^a	647.50	455.95	447.53	1 550.98	19 384.24^a	17 833.26±63.48^b
N₃P₂K₂	7 976.48±42.54^a	971.24	455.95	298.35	1 725.54	19 303.09^a	17 577.55±102.95^cd
N₁P₁K₂	7 378.40±62.86^e	323.75	227.98	298.35	850.08	17 855.73^e	17 005.65±152.12^g
N₁P₂K₁	7 588.37±77.31^cd	323.75	455.95	149.18	928.88	18 363.85^cd	17 434.97±187.10^de
N₂P₁K₁	7 766.68±24.95^b	647.50	227.98	149.18	1 024.66	18 795.37^b	17 770.71±60.37^bc

处理 Treat- ments	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	氮肥投入 N input (元/hm²)	磷肥投入 P input (元/hm²)	钾肥投入 K input (元/hm²)	肥料总投入 Total fertilizer input (元/hm²)	产值 Output value (元/hm²)	经济效益 Economic benefit (元/hm²)
N₀P₀K₀	5 135.35±52.20^h	0	0	0	0	12 427.55^h	12 427.55±126.32^j
N₀P₂K₂	6 557.07±5.82^g	0	455.95	298.35	754.30	15 868.10g	15 113.80±14.08ⁱ
N₁P₂K₂	7 507.13±70.91^d	323.75	455.95	298.35	1 078.05	18 167.26^d	17 089.21±171.60^fg
N₂P₀K₂	7 215.32±13.20^f	647.50	0	298.35	945.85	17 461.07^f	16 515.22±31.94^h
N₂P₁K₂	7 629.05±26.89^c	647.50	227.98	298.35	1 173.83	18 462.30^c	17 288.47±65.08^ef
N₂P₂K₂	8 036.03±37.23^a	647.50	455.95	298.35	1 401.80	19 447.20^a	18 045.40±90.10^a
N₂P₃K₂	7 984.50±5.25^a	647.50	683.93	298.35	1 629.78	19 322.49^a	17 692.71±12.70^bc
N₂P₂K₀	7 532.12±84.22^d	647.50	455.95	0	1 103.45	18 227.72^d	17 124.27±203.82 ^fg
N₂P₂K₁	7 731.57±41.50^b	647.50	455.95	149.18	1 252.63	18 710.39^b	17 457.76±100.44^de
N₂P₂K₃	8 010.02±26.23^a	647.50	455.95	447.53	1 550.98	19 384.24^a	17 833.26±63.48^b
N₃P₂K₂	7 976.48±42.54^a	971.24	455.95	298.35	1 725.54	19 303.09^a	17 577.55±102.95^cd
N₁P₁K₂	7 378.40±62.86^e	323.75	227.98	298.35	850.08	17 855.73^e	17 005.65±152.12^g
N₁P₂K₁	7 588.37±77.31^cd	323.75	455.95	149.18	928.88	18 363.85^cd	17 434.97±187.10^de
N₂P₁K₁	7 766.68±24.95^b	647.50	227.98	149.18	1 024.66	18 795.37^b	17 770.71±60.37^bc

肥料类型 Fertilizer	处理 Treatments	产量 Yield (kg/hm²)	增产量 Increase (kg/hm²)	增产率 Incr. Rate (%)	毛收入增加 Incr. Profit (元/hm²)	增加纯收入 Incr. net Profit (元/hm²)	肥料贡献率 FCR(%)	农学效率 AE (kg/kg)
N	N₀P₂K₂	6 557.07±5.82^c	-	-	-	-	-	-
	N₁P₂K₂	7 507.13±70.91^b	950.06	14.49	2 299.16	1 975.41	13.06	11.47
	N₂P₂K₂	8 036.03±37.23^a	1478.97	22.56	3 579.10	2 931.60	18.64	9.08
	N₃P₂K₂	7 976.48±42.54^a	1 419.42	21.65	3 434.99	2 463.74	17.80	5.71
	平均		1 282.82	19.56	3 104.42	2 456.92	16.50	8.76
P₂O₅	N₂P₀K₂	7 215.32±13.20^d	-	-	-	-	-	-
	N₂P₁K₂	7 629.05±26.89^c	413.73	5.73	1 001.23	773.26	5.42	7.50
	N₂P₂K₂	8 036.03±37.23^a	820.72	11.37	1 986.13	1 530.18	10.21	7.43
	N₂P₃K₂	7 984.50±5.25^b	769.18	10.66	1 861.42	1 177.50	9.63	4.64
	平均		667.88	9.26	1 616.26	1 160.31	8.42	6.52
K₂O	N₂P₂K₀	7 532.12±84.22^c	-	-	-	-	-	-
	N₂P₂K₁	7 731.57±41.50^b	199.45	2.65	482.67	333.49	2.58	8.69
	N₂P₂K₂	8 036.03±37.23^a	503.92	6.69	1 219.48	921.13	6.27	10.98
	N₂P₂K₃	8 010.02±26.23^a	449.90	5.97	1 088.76	641.23	5.97	6.94
	平均		384.42	5.10	930.30	631.95	4.94	8.87

氮磷钾配施对冬小麦产量和品质的影响及其肥效分析

Analysis of combined application of NPK fertilizers on yield and quality of winter wheat and the fertilizer effect

在线阅读

PDF下载

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 6

参考文献 47

相关文章 15

编辑推荐 0

Metrics

处理 Treatments	蛋白质含量 Rotein content (%)	湿面筋含量 Wet gluten (%)	面团形成时间 Development time (min)	稳定时间 Stabilization time (min)	沉降值 Sedimentation value	吸水率 Water absorption (%)	稠度 Consistence	弱化度 Degree of softening	容重 Test weight (g/L)	硬度 Hardness (%)	粉质质量指数 Farinograph quality number	淀粉(干基) Starch(dry basis) (%)
N₀P₀K₀	14.02±0.18^c	30.15±1.46^d	2.00±0.17^b	1.00±0.20^a	22.16±1.34^cd	65.47±0.42^b	481.00±7.00^d	169.33±9.45^abc	807.32±5.88^a	69.50±0.25^a	26.33±1.53^a	71.31±0.74^abc
N₀P₂K₂	14.03±0.63^c	30.96±1.14^cd	2.30±0.17^ab	1.20±0.17^a	21.53±2.03^d	66.00±0.61^ab	502.67±22.37^abc	154.33±10.97^c	814.16±7.39^a	69.20±1.03^a	29.33±3.06^a	71.96±0.52^a
N₁P₂K₂	14.75±0.26^b	31.82±0.61^abc	2.53±0.15^ab	1.10±0.10^a	23.64±0.99^abcd	66.13±0.51^ab	502.67±11.06^abc	177.33±11.50^abc	811.84±7.64^a	69.89±0.57^a	29.33±2.08^a	71.15±0.07^abc
N₂P₀K₂	15.33±0.42^ab	30.31±0.98^a	2.43±0.45^ab	1.20±0.20^a	24.88±0.66^a	65.97±0.25^ab	491.00±18.03^bcd	186.00±17.09^a	809.39±6.50^a	70.31±0.39^a	28.67±3.06^a	70.64±0.64^c
N₂P₁K₂	15.15±0.50^ab	32.79±1.08^a	2.57±0.67^ab	1.17±0.35^a	24.08±1.48^abc	66.17±0.32^ab	503.00±5.57^abc	180.33±16.65^ab	811.47±1.50^a	69.70±0.82^a	30.33±6.35^a	70.93±0.30^bc
N₂P₂K₂	14.87±0.39^b	32.16±0.92^abc	2.40±0.46^ab	1.13±0.31^a	25.15±0.31^a	66.00±0.30^ab	506.00±6.56^ab	171.00±7.81^abc	810.30±3.69^a	70.03±0.77^a	29.33±5.51^a	71.03±0.50^abc
N₂P₃K₂	15.10±0.19^ab	32.69±0.43^ab	2.30±0.34^ab	1.13±0.25^a	24.88±0.51^abc	66.53±0.23^a	520.00±11.36^a	192.33±6.66^a	811.77±7.82^a	69.91±0.45^a	26.33±4.04^a	71.22±0.22^abc
N₂P₂K₀	15.19±0.44^ab	32.92±1.07^a	2.27±0.25^ab	1.23±0.25^a	24.89±0.94^ab	66.07±0.32^ab	505.67±9.07^ab	183.67±6.66^a	813.89±5.13^a	69.86±0.46^a	28.33±2.08^a	70.61±0.73^c
N₂P₂K₁	14.81±0.41^b	32.20±0.54^abc	2.33±0.29^ab	1.37±0.35^a	24.54±1.32^ab	65.97±0.25^ab	501.00±11.27^abcd	173.67±24.79^abc	813.55±2.73^a	69.62±0.50^a	29.00±1.73^a	71.42±0.66^abc
N₂P₂K₃	15.29±0.15^ab	33.07±0.43^a	2.27±0.51^ab	1.27±0.29^a	24.99±0.76^ab	66.40±0.70^a	507.00±13.23^ab	186.00±7.94^a	810.45±6.76^a	69.32±0.60^a	26.67±3.51^a	70.97±0.24^abc
N₃P₂K₂	15.59±0.26^a	33.31±0.28^a	2.50±0.17^ab	1.27±0.32^a	25.41±1.05^a	66.37±0.42^a	505.00±3.00^ab	183.67±12.74^a	811.08±1.35^a	69.91±0.72^a	27.00±3.61^a	70.68±0.07^c
N₁P₁K₂	14.81±0.16^b	32.10±0.22^abc	2.73±0.31^a	1.10±0.10^a	22.93±0.57^bcd	66.10±0.36^ab	490.67±7.64^bcd	167.67±8.96^abc	809.00±0.77^a	69.95±0.85^a	29.33±3.79^a	71.27±0.23^abc
N₁P₂K₁	14.85±0.32^b	32.11±0.72^abc	2.37±0.21^ab	1.03±0.12^a	23.56±0.33^abc	66.00±0.61^ab	501.67±1.53^abcd	184.33±8.33^a	815.77±6.51^a	70.28±0.12^a	29.33±2.08^a	71.34±0.42^abc
N₂P₁K₁	14.93±0.23^ab	31.19±0.69^bcd	2.33±0.12^ab	1.18±0.22^a	22.90±1.37^bcd	65.73±0.58^ab	483.00±6.25^cd	156.67±12.34^bc	810.71±5.67^a	70.11±0.19^a	30.67±2.31^a	71.76±1.00^ab

	拟合方程 Fitting equations	R²
产量 Yield(kg/hm²)	Y=5 163.823 5+16.460 3N+15.502 0P+15.280 1K-0.040 9N²-0.053 8P²-0.195 4K²-0.016 1NP+0.020 1NK+0.013 5PK	0.987 0
湿面筋含量 Wet gluten(kg/hm²)	Y=1 557.883 9+3.927 5N+7.321 9P+5.953 7K-0.013 2N²-0.027P²-0.030 7K²+0.008NP+0.0199NK-0.041 4PK	0.988 1
蛋白质含量 Protein content (kg/hm²)	Y=725.804 4+2.460 1N+2.707 5P+1.916 9K-0.006 0N²+0.007 0P²+0.014 7K²-0.002 4NP+0.010 6NK-0.013 5PK	0.982 1
淀粉干基 Starch dry base (kg/hm²)	Y=3 684.486 9+12.539 0N+10.466 4P-0.002 8K-0.029 8N²-0.040 5P²-0.168 6K²-0.015 3NP+0.002 2NK+0.048 5PK	0.984 7

[1]	杜亚隆, 付秋萍, 艾鹏睿, 马英杰, 祁通, 潘洋. 综合评价不同灌溉处理对长绒棉生长及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 161-173.
[2]	谢秀荣, 张永强, 海峰, 雷钧杰, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 王冀川. 匀播增密对适期晚播冬小麦群体结构及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 21-28.
[3]	胡梦婷, 刘胜尧, 贾宋楠, 范凤翠, 杜凤焕, 李劲松, 秦勇. 不同种植行距对菠菜产量和水分利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 217-224.
[4]	唐丽苹, 阿米妮古丽, 王旭, 冯星, 郑培宇, 於建国, 张彦威, 谢梦婉, 狄江, 于丽娟. 罗布羊屠宰性能及肉品质特征分析与评价[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 251-260.
[5]	张妍婷, 张永强, 雷钧杰, 陈慧, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 徐文修. 不同施磷方式对干播湿出冬小麦光合生理特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 29-36.
[6]	张景灿, 徐其江, 张永强, 雷钧杰, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 徐文修. 不同调节剂及喷施次数对滴灌冬小麦茎秆特征和抗倒伏性的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 37-44.
[7]	海峰, 张永强, 谢秀荣, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 徐其江, 聂石辉, 王冀川, 雷钧杰. 限量灌溉下不同滴灌量对滴灌冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 45-52.
[8]	李杰, 徐其江, 张永强, 徐文修, 吕晓庆, 陈传信, 聂石辉, 雷钧杰. 不同类型尿素及施用方式对滴灌冬小麦产量形成和氮肥利用效率的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 53-59.
[9]	马林, 黄倩楠, 杨蕙, 登斯拉木·吐尔逊拜, 邹辉, 孙娜, 雷钧杰. 不同氮肥配施腐殖酸策略对冬小麦光合特性及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 60-67.
[10]	陈传信, 张永强, 聂石辉, 徐其江, 雷钧杰. 微生物菌剂与氮肥配施对冬小麦光合特性和产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 68-74.
[11]	李娜, 吕彩霞, 信会男, 李永福, 赖宁, 耿庆龙, 陈署晃. 不同施氮量对滴灌小麦性状及根区土壤养分的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2025, 62(1): 87-94.
[12]	靳娟, 李丽莉, 杨磊, 樊丁宇, 郝庆. 新疆红枣产业发展现状分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 106-110.
[13]	方辉, 丁银灯, 范贵强, 高永红, 黄天荣. 新疆南疆小麦产业发展的现状及品质特性分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(S1): 75-80.
[14]	杨明花, 廖必勇, 刘强, 彭云承, 达吾来·杰克山, 冯国瑞, 唐式敏. 鲜食糯玉米籽粒营养品质的差异变化分析[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2087-2093.
[15]	张泽华, 叶含春, 王振华, 李文昊, 李海强, 刘健. 等氮配施脲酶抑制剂对滴灌棉花生长发育和产量及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2024, 61(9): 2103-2111.