Effects of hard branch grafting on root growth characteristics and anatomical structure of different grape rootstock and scion combinations

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.016

Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (5): 1170-1180.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.05.016

• Horticultural Special Local Products·Storage and Preservation Processing·Plant Protection • Previous Articles Next Articles

Effects of hard branch grafting on root growth characteristics and anatomical structure of different grape rootstock and scion combinations

ZHOU Weiquan¹(), HOU Yixing¹^,², LIU Chunyan¹, Akejulidezi Nuergailide¹, XUE Jing¹, LI Shude³, ZHOU Long¹()

1. College of Horticulture, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China
2. Changji Agricultural Technology Promotion Center, Changji Xinjiang 831100, China
3. CITIC Guo'an Wine Industry Co., Ltd., Manas Xinjiang 832200, China

Received:2022-09-08 Online:2023-05-20 Published:2023-05-22
Correspondence author: ZHOU Long(1976-), male, Turpan, Xinjiang, Ph. D, professor, research area: fruit germplasm resources and cultivation physiology, (E-mail)zhoulong2004@126.com
Supported by:
Key R&D Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020B01003);2021 "Doctor Tianchi" Plan of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

不同葡萄砧穗组合嫁接对根系生长特性及解剖结构的影响

周伟权¹(), 侯毅兴¹^,², 刘春燕¹, 阿克居里德孜·努尔改里得¹, 薛靖¹, 李树德³, 周龙¹()

1.新疆农业大学园艺学院,乌鲁木齐 830052
2.昌吉市农业技术推广中心,新疆昌吉 831100
3.新疆中信国安葡萄酒业有限公司,新疆玛纳斯 832200

通讯作者: 周龙(1976-),男,新疆吐鲁番人,教授,博士生导师,研究方向为果树种质资源与栽培生理,(E-mail)zhoulong2004@126.com
作者简介:周伟权(1992-),男,甘肃武威人,博士,研究方向为果树种质资源与栽培生理,(E-mail) zhouwq1120@163.com
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重点研发项目(2020B01003);新疆维吾尔自治区2021年“天池博士”计划项目

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of different scions on the survival rate of grape grafting and root characteristics of rootstock and lay a foundation for selecting suitable rootstock-scion combinations.【Methods】 Three different rootstocks including 5BB, 1103P and Shanhe 1 were branch grafted with scions including Hutai 8, Red Globe and Suxin 1, respectively.The survival rate of each combination was counted and the root growth, physiological and biochemical characteristics and the anatomical structure of root tips was observed by paraffin section method.【Results】 Among the nine rootstock and scion combinations, the four rootstock-scion combination with higher grafting survival rate were Suxin 1/ Shanhe 1, Red Globe/ Shanhe 1, Suxin 1/5BB and Hutai 8/Shanhe 1, which were 74.33%, 65.67%, 63.33% and 60.00% respectively.while the graft survival rate of Hutai 8/5BB, Hutai 8/ 1103P and Red Globe/ 5BB combinations were all lower than 40.00%.The root number of Suxin 1/ Shanhe 1 rootstock-scion combination was the highest in three different soil layers, and Hutai 8/Shanhe 1 rootstock-scion combination was the second; Compared with the rootstock-scion combinations of Red Globe/ 1103P, Red Globe/ 5BB and Hutai 8/ 1103P, the root activity, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content and SOD enzyme activity of the grafted seedlings of Suxin 1/ Shanhe 1 rootstock combination were significantly higher than those of these rootstock-scion combinations.Different scions had different effects on the diameter, area, density, xylem area and stele area of rootstock root system.The results of correlation analysis showed that except the relative conductivity index, the other indexes were significantly correlated with the grafting survival rate.【Conclusion】 Different scions have effects on the survival rate, root morphological characteristics, physiological characteristics and root tip anatomical structure of rootstocks.Through comprehensive analysis, Shanhe 1 can be used as rootstock for Suxin 1, Hutai 8 and Red Globe, 5BB can be used as rootstock for Suxin 1, and the best rootstock-scion combination is Suxin 1/Shanhe 1.

Key words: grape; rootstock and scion combinations; root; anatomic structure

摘要：

【目的】研究葡萄不同接穗对嫁接成活率及砧木根系特性的影响,为筛选适宜的砧穗组合奠定基础。【方法】以户太8号、红地球和苏欣1号品种为接穗,5BB、1103P和山河1号品种为砧木硬枝嫁接。统计各砧穗组合嫁接苗的成活率,测定各砧穗组合嫁接苗的根系生长情况、生理生化特性,采用石蜡切片法观察根尖解剖结构。【结果】9个砧穗组合中,嫁接成活率较高的4个砧穗组合分别为苏欣1号/山河1号、红地球/山河1号、苏欣1号/5BB和户太8号/山河1号,分别为74.33%、65.67%、63.33%和60.00%,而户太8号/5BB、户太8号/1103P和红地球/5BB组合的嫁接成活均低于40.00%。苏欣1号/山河1号砧穗组合的根系分别在0~5 cm、5~10 cm和10~15 cm三个土层深度的数量均最多,户太8号/山河1号砧穗组合次之;相比红地球/1103P、红地球/5BB和户太8号/1103P这几个砧穗组合,苏欣1号/山河1号砧穗组合嫁接苗根系的根系活力、可溶性蛋白含量、可溶性糖含量和SOD酶活性均明显高于这几个砧穗组合,而相对电导率显著低于这几个砧穗组合。不同接穗对砧木根系的导管直径、导管面积、导管密度、木质部面积及中柱面积均有不同程度的影响。除相对电导率指标外,其余各指标与嫁接成活率均存在极显著相关性。【结论】不同接穗对砧木的嫁接成活率、根系形态特性、生理特性及根尖解剖结构均会产生影响。山河1号可作为苏欣1号、户太8号及红地球的砧木,5BB可作为苏欣1号的砧木,最佳砧穗组合为苏欣1号/山河1号。

关键词: 葡萄, 砧穗组合, 根系, 解剖结构

CLC Number:

S663.1

ZHOU Weiquan, HOU Yixing, LIU Chunyan, Akejulidezi Nuergailide, XUE Jing, LI Shude, ZHOU Long. Effects of hard branch grafting on root growth characteristics and anatomical structure of different grape rootstock and scion combinations[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(5): 1170-1180.

周伟权, 侯毅兴, 刘春燕, 阿克居里德孜·努尔改里得, 薛靖, 李树德, 周龙. 不同葡萄砧穗组合嫁接对根系生长特性及解剖结构的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(5): 1170-1180.

Figures/Tables 6

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不同土层深度 Different soil depth	指标 indicators	砧穗组合Rootstock-scion combination
不同土层深度 Different soil depth	指标 indicators	户太8号/5BB Hutai 8/ 5BB	户太8号/1103P Hutai 8/ 1103P	户太8号/ 山河1号 Hutai 8/ Shanhe 1	苏欣1号/5BB Suxin 1/5BB	苏欣1号/ 1103P Suxin 1/ 1103P	苏欣1号/ 山河1号 Suxin 1/ Shanhe 1	红地球/5BB Red globe/5BB	红地球/1103P Red globe/1103P	红地球/ 山河1号 Red globe/ Shanhe 1
0~5 cm	根系数量(条)	2.33±0.33^abc	1.67±0.33^bc	3.33±0.33^a	3.00±0.00^ab	2.33±0.33^abc	3.67±0.67^a	2.33±0.67^abc	1.33±0.33^c	3.33±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	2.03±0.47^d	1.82±0.19^d	3.31±0.07^b	3.18±0.46^bc	3.17±0.24^bc	3.57±0.67^ab	2.64±0.10^abc	2.18±0.07^cd	4.46±0.14^a
	最大根粗(mm)	0.47±0.11^cde	0.34±0.03^de	0.99±0.16^ab	0.86±0.06^abc	0.73±0.09^abcd	1.00±0.09^ab	0.67±0.04^bcd	0.25±0.02^e	1.14±0.30^a
5~10 cm	根系数量(条)	4.00±0.58^ab	3.67±0.33^ab	4.67±0.58^a	4.67±0.88^a	4.33±0.58^ab	5.00±0.00^a	4.00±0.58^ab	2.67±0.88^b	4.67±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	3.41±0.60^bc	3.15±0.43^c	3.90±0.16^abc	3.76±0.29^abc	3.77±0.16^abc	4.38±0.15^ab	3.46±0.08^bc	2.97±0.44^c	4.77±0.27^a
	最大根粗(mm)	0.79±0.07^b	0.75±0.02^b	1.12±0.23^b	1.12±0.08^b	1.09±0.20^b	1.92±0.34^a	0.95±0.08^b	0.73±0.06^b	1.19±0.16^b
10~15 cm	根系数量(条)	7.67±1.20^ab	5.67±0.33^b	8.00±0.00^ab	8.00±0.58^ab	7.67±0.88^ab	9.33±1.20^a	7.67±0.88^ab	6.00±1.00^b	9.33±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	4.01±0.25^bc	3.87±0.32^c	4.88±0.50^bc	4.62±0.59^bc	4.59±0.08^bc	6.28±0.16^a	4.55±0.46^bc	3.83±0.28^c	5.14±0.17^b
	最大根粗(mm)	1.44±0.23^ab	1.34±0.25^ab	1.66±0.14^a	1.62±0.13^ab	1.57±0.33^ab	1.77±0.07^a	1.57±0.24^ab	0.95±0.21^b	1.67±0.10^a

不同土层深度 Different soil depth	指标 indicators	砧穗组合Rootstock-scion combination
不同土层深度 Different soil depth	指标 indicators	户太8号/5BB Hutai 8/ 5BB	户太8号/1103P Hutai 8/ 1103P	户太8号/ 山河1号 Hutai 8/ Shanhe 1	苏欣1号/5BB Suxin 1/5BB	苏欣1号/ 1103P Suxin 1/ 1103P	苏欣1号/ 山河1号 Suxin 1/ Shanhe 1	红地球/5BB Red globe/5BB	红地球/1103P Red globe/1103P	红地球/ 山河1号 Red globe/ Shanhe 1
0~5 cm	根系数量(条)	2.33±0.33^abc	1.67±0.33^bc	3.33±0.33^a	3.00±0.00^ab	2.33±0.33^abc	3.67±0.67^a	2.33±0.67^abc	1.33±0.33^c	3.33±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	2.03±0.47^d	1.82±0.19^d	3.31±0.07^b	3.18±0.46^bc	3.17±0.24^bc	3.57±0.67^ab	2.64±0.10^abc	2.18±0.07^cd	4.46±0.14^a
	最大根粗(mm)	0.47±0.11^cde	0.34±0.03^de	0.99±0.16^ab	0.86±0.06^abc	0.73±0.09^abcd	1.00±0.09^ab	0.67±0.04^bcd	0.25±0.02^e	1.14±0.30^a
5~10 cm	根系数量(条)	4.00±0.58^ab	3.67±0.33^ab	4.67±0.58^a	4.67±0.88^a	4.33±0.58^ab	5.00±0.00^a	4.00±0.58^ab	2.67±0.88^b	4.67±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	3.41±0.60^bc	3.15±0.43^c	3.90±0.16^abc	3.76±0.29^abc	3.77±0.16^abc	4.38±0.15^ab	3.46±0.08^bc	2.97±0.44^c	4.77±0.27^a
	最大根粗(mm)	0.79±0.07^b	0.75±0.02^b	1.12±0.23^b	1.12±0.08^b	1.09±0.20^b	1.92±0.34^a	0.95±0.08^b	0.73±0.06^b	1.19±0.16^b
10~15 cm	根系数量(条)	7.67±1.20^ab	5.67±0.33^b	8.00±0.00^ab	8.00±0.58^ab	7.67±0.88^ab	9.33±1.20^a	7.67±0.88^ab	6.00±1.00^b	9.33±0.33^a
	最大根长(cm)	4.01±0.25^bc	3.87±0.32^c	4.88±0.50^bc	4.62±0.59^bc	4.59±0.08^bc	6.28±0.16^a	4.55±0.46^bc	3.83±0.28^c	5.14±0.17^b
	最大根粗(mm)	1.44±0.23^ab	1.34±0.25^ab	1.66±0.14^a	1.62±0.13^ab	1.57±0.33^ab	1.77±0.07^a	1.57±0.24^ab	0.95±0.21^b	1.67±0.10^a

砧穗组合 Rootstock-scion combination	相对电导率 Relative conductivity (%)	根系活力 Roots activity [μg/(mL·g·h)]	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content (μg/g)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (μg/g)	SOD活性 SOD avtivity (μg/g)	POD活性 POD activity (U/g)
户太8号/5BB Hutai 8/5BB	23.14±0.81^ab	11.29±1.81^cd	5.20±0.33^de	5.79±0.29^de	177.87±8.44^a	3 103.33±345.71^abc
户太8号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	24.97±0.50^ab	10.90±3.70^cd	4.43±0.30^ef	4.56±0.16^ef	169.39±10.32^a	3 364.67±397.41^ab
户太8号/山河1号 Hutai 8/Shanhe 1	22.74±2.74^ab	25.64±1.20^ab	7.34±0.39^b	8.21±0.42^b	196.00±29.82^a	2 417.33±457.33^bcd
苏欣1号/5BB Suxin 1/5BB	27.19±1.45^a	23.45±1.67^ab	7.46±0.29^b	7.71±0.36^bc	190.86±16.35^a	2 580.67±142.39^abcd
苏欣1号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	26.29±1.15^ab	18.91±1.19^bc	6.51±0.08^c	6.57±0.38^cd	174.54±21.43^a	2 678.67±321.73^abcd
苏欣1号/山河1号 Suxin 1/Shanhe 1	22.08±0.46^b	31.10±1.13^a	9.50±0.16^a	10.95±0.43^a	205.15±27.89^a	2 025.33±376.73^d
红地球/5BB Red globe/5BB	26.87±0.77^a	13.46±1.67^cd	5.76±0.29^cd	6.11±0.78^d	184.73±12.84^a	3 005.33±65.33^abcd
红地球/1103P Red globe/1103P	23.26±1.78^ab	8.97±3.70^d	3.89±0.23^f	3.86±0.33^f	156.60±11.74^a	3 495.33±142.39^a
红地球/山河1号 Red globe/Shanhe 1	21.80±0.87^b	28.78±4.04^a	9.10±0.27^a	9.78±0.64^a	199.49±29.21^a	2 221.33±86.43^cd

砧穗组合 Rootstock-scion combination	相对电导率 Relative conductivity (%)	根系活力 Roots activity [μg/(mL·g·h)]	可溶性蛋白含量 Soluble protein content (μg/g)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar content (μg/g)	SOD活性 SOD avtivity (μg/g)	POD活性 POD activity (U/g)
户太8号/5BB Hutai 8/5BB	23.14±0.81^ab	11.29±1.81^cd	5.20±0.33^de	5.79±0.29^de	177.87±8.44^a	3 103.33±345.71^abc
户太8号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	24.97±0.50^ab	10.90±3.70^cd	4.43±0.30^ef	4.56±0.16^ef	169.39±10.32^a	3 364.67±397.41^ab
户太8号/山河1号 Hutai 8/Shanhe 1	22.74±2.74^ab	25.64±1.20^ab	7.34±0.39^b	8.21±0.42^b	196.00±29.82^a	2 417.33±457.33^bcd
苏欣1号/5BB Suxin 1/5BB	27.19±1.45^a	23.45±1.67^ab	7.46±0.29^b	7.71±0.36^bc	190.86±16.35^a	2 580.67±142.39^abcd
苏欣1号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	26.29±1.15^ab	18.91±1.19^bc	6.51±0.08^c	6.57±0.38^cd	174.54±21.43^a	2 678.67±321.73^abcd
苏欣1号/山河1号 Suxin 1/Shanhe 1	22.08±0.46^b	31.10±1.13^a	9.50±0.16^a	10.95±0.43^a	205.15±27.89^a	2 025.33±376.73^d
红地球/5BB Red globe/5BB	26.87±0.77^a	13.46±1.67^cd	5.76±0.29^cd	6.11±0.78^d	184.73±12.84^a	3 005.33±65.33^abcd
红地球/1103P Red globe/1103P	23.26±1.78^ab	8.97±3.70^d	3.89±0.23^f	3.86±0.33^f	156.60±11.74^a	3 495.33±142.39^a
红地球/山河1号 Red globe/Shanhe 1	21.80±0.87^b	28.78±4.04^a	9.10±0.27^a	9.78±0.64^a	199.49±29.21^a	2 221.33±86.43^cd

砧穗组合 Rootstock-scion combination	导管直径 Vessel diameter (μm)	导管面积 Vessel area (mm²)	导管密度 Vessel density (个/mm²)	木质部面积 Xylem area (mm²)	中柱面积 Stele area (mm²)
5BB	0.591±0.081^a	0.027±0.002^a	5 335±115.604^b	0.007±0.000^c	0.037±0.003^c
红地球/5BB Red globe/5BB	1.017±0.086^a	0.035±0.001^a	6 592±166.515^a	0.010±0.000^b	0.134±0.001^a
户太8号/5BB Hutai 8/5BB	1.068±0.287^a	0.036±0.005^a	6 025±364.008^ab	0.013±0.001^a	0.113±0.007^b
苏欣1号/5BB Suxin 1/5BB	0.936±0.102^a	0.036±0.010^a	6 063±101.950^ab	0.013±0.000^a	0.106±0.005^b
山河1号 Shanhe 1	0.953±0.103^a	0.034±0.002^a	5 948±389.425^b	0.010±0.001^b	0.157±0.004^c
红地球/山河1号 Red globe/Shanhe 1	0.573±0.036^c	0.026±0.001^c	5 687±351.691^b	0.011±0.001^b	0.203±0.003^b
户太8号/山河1号 Hutai 8/Shanhe 1	0.646±0.086^bc	0.028±0.002^bc	4 508±245.094^c	0.010±0.000^b	0.088±0.007^d
苏欣1号/山河1号 Suxin 1/Shanhe 1	0.865±0.087^ab	0.033±0.002^ab	7 597±232.305^a	0.014±0.000^a	0.311±0.006 a
1103P	0.958±0.102^b	0.034±0.002^b	6 702±182.392^a	0.009±0.001^b	0.126±0.005^b
红地球/1103P Red globe/1103P	1.30±0.022^a	0.040±0.000^a	6 429±298.960^a	0.012±0.000^a	0.181±0.006^a
户太8号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	0.757±0.128^b	0.030±0.003^b	5 414±258.057^b	0.009±0.001^b	0.075±0.001^c
苏欣1号/1103P Hutai 8/1103P	0.149±0.014^c	0.012±0.001^c	5 325±123.163^b	0.003±0.000^c	0.085±0.003^c

Effects of hard branch grafting on root growth characteristics and anatomical structure of different grape rootstock and scion combinations

不同葡萄砧穗组合嫁接对根系生长特性及解剖结构的影响

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相关指标 Relevant indicators	根系数量 Number of roots	最大根长 Maximum root length	最大根粗 Maximum root crude	相对电导率 Relative condu ctivity	根系活力 Roots activity	可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	SOD活性 Activity of SOD	POD活性 Activity of POD	成活率 Survival rate
根系数量 Number of roots	1.000
最大根长 Maximum root length	0.925^**	1.000
最大根粗 Maximum root crude	0.965^**	0.943^**	1.000
相对电导率 Relative conductivity	-0.279	-0.374	-0.229	1.000
根系活力 Roots activity	0.925^**	0.961^**	0.953^**	-0.349	1.000
可溶性蛋白 Soluble protein	0.964^**	0.982^**	0.973^**	-0.325	0.979^**	1.000
可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	0.968^**	0.968^**	0.976^**	-0.398	0.970^**	0.991^**	1.000
SOD活性 Activity of SOD	0.964^**	0.884^**	0.949^**	-0.287	0.908^**	0.934^**	0.952^**	1.000
POD活性 Activity of POD	-0.970^**	-0.969^**	-0.982^**	0.316	-0.982^**	-0.988^**	-0.983^**	-0.929^**	1.000
成活率 Survival rate	0.917^**	0.920^**	0.943^**	-0.296	0.983^**	0.966^**	0.961^**	0.923^**	-0.957^**	1.000

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