Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2023, Vol. 60 ›› Issue (4): 974-981.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.023
• Prataculture·Plant Protection·Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Agricultural Eeconomy • Previous Articles Next Articles
XIA Tingting1(), Subinuer Wumaierjiang1, YU Zhaowen1, LI Hong1, LYU Wenjun1, Tuerxunnayi Reyimu2()
Received:
2022-08-07
Online:
2023-04-20
Published:
2023-05-06
Correspondence author:
Tuerxunnayi Reyimu(1968-), female, Kirgiz, native place: Aketao, Xinjiang. Associate professor, PhD, Mainly engaged in grassland ecology teaching and scientific research work, (E-mail)Supported by:
夏停停1(), 苏比努尔·吾麦尔江1, 于昭文1, 李宏1, 吕文钧1, 吐尔逊娜依·热依木2()
通讯作者:
吐尔逊娜依·热依木(1968-),女,新疆阿克陶人,副教授,博士,硕士生导师,研究方向为草地生态,(E-mail)作者简介:
夏停停(1994-),女,内蒙古通辽人,硕士研究生,研究方向为草地生态,(E-mail)1119776088@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
XIA Tingting, Subinuer Wumaierjiang, YU Zhaowen, LI Hong, LYU Wenjun, Tuerxunnayi Reyimu. Effects of different utilization methods on the biomass distribution of mountain meadows in the middle of northern slope of Tianshan Mountain[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(4): 974-981.
夏停停, 苏比努尔·吾麦尔江, 于昭文, 李宏, 吕文钧, 吐尔逊娜依·热依木. 不同利用方式对天山北坡中段山地草甸草地植物生物量分布的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(4): 974-981.
Add to citation manager EndNote|Ris|BibTeX
URL: http://www.xjnykx.com/EN/10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.04.023
项目 Items | 游牧 Nomadic grazing | 定居 Settled grazing |
---|---|---|
放牧天数 Grazing days | 180 d | 60 d |
放牧模式 Grazing mode | 放牧+补饲 | 短期放牧+舍饲 |
放牧家畜 Grazing livestock | 细毛羊、哈萨克羊、 哈萨克马、新疆褐牛 多种家畜混合放牧 | 细毛羊、哈萨克羊、 哈萨克马、新疆褐牛 多种家畜混合放牧 |
家畜数量 Number of livestock | 300±20(羊单位) | 300±20(羊单位) |
Tab.1 Basic information on winter pastures
项目 Items | 游牧 Nomadic grazing | 定居 Settled grazing |
---|---|---|
放牧天数 Grazing days | 180 d | 60 d |
放牧模式 Grazing mode | 放牧+补饲 | 短期放牧+舍饲 |
放牧家畜 Grazing livestock | 细毛羊、哈萨克羊、 哈萨克马、新疆褐牛 多种家畜混合放牧 | 细毛羊、哈萨克羊、 哈萨克马、新疆褐牛 多种家畜混合放牧 |
家畜数量 Number of livestock | 300±20(羊单位) | 300±20(羊单位) |
放牧方式 Grazing method | 放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 群落组成 Dominant species | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 地上现存量 Aboveground present biomass (g/m2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
游牧 Nomadic grazing | CK | 野韭菜、细果苔草、溚草 | 92±3.38 | 181.28±20.85 |
LG | 细果苔草、委陵菜、草原糙苏 | 80±2.51 | 156.06±16.67 | |
HG | 细果苔草、醉马草、针茅 | 58±1.29 | 131.68±10.61 | |
定居放牧 Settled grazing | CK | 细果苔草、草原糙苏、委陵菜 | 95±3.22 | 188.71±17.65 |
LG | 细果苔草、针茅、草原糙苏 | 84±3.03 | 165.18±15.32 | |
HG | 醉马草、细果苔草、大籽蒿 | 71±2.06 | 142.55±13.20 |
Tab.2 Different grazing intensity settings
放牧方式 Grazing method | 放牧强度 Grazing intensity | 群落组成 Dominant species | 盖度 Coverage (%) | 地上现存量 Aboveground present biomass (g/m2) |
---|---|---|---|---|
游牧 Nomadic grazing | CK | 野韭菜、细果苔草、溚草 | 92±3.38 | 181.28±20.85 |
LG | 细果苔草、委陵菜、草原糙苏 | 80±2.51 | 156.06±16.67 | |
HG | 细果苔草、醉马草、针茅 | 58±1.29 | 131.68±10.61 | |
定居放牧 Settled grazing | CK | 细果苔草、草原糙苏、委陵菜 | 95±3.22 | 188.71±17.65 |
LG | 细果苔草、针茅、草原糙苏 | 84±3.03 | 165.18±15.32 | |
HG | 醉马草、细果苔草、大籽蒿 | 71±2.06 | 142.55±13.20 |
Fig.1 Changes of aboveground biomass of plant functional groups Note: Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences between different grazing treatments with the same grazing method at 0.05 level, the same as below
[1] | 冯缨, 许鹏, 安沙舟, 等. 天山北坡中段山地草地类型多样性研究[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2005, 19(5):59-62. |
FENG Ying, XU Peng, AN Shazhou, et al. Study on the diversity of rangeland types in middle zone of northern slope of Tianshan Mountain[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2005, 19(5): 59-62. | |
[2] | 李金花, 李振涛, 任继周. 放牧对草地植物的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2002, 11(1):4-8. |
LI Jinhua, LI Zhentao, REN Jizhou. The effects of grazing on grassland plants[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinaca, 2002, 11(1): 4-8. | |
[3] | 苏清荷. 天山北坡主要草地类型生产力与气候相关性的研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2010. |
SU Qinghe. Study on relationship between NPP and climate of main rangeland types in northern slope of Tianshan Mountain[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2010. | |
[4] | 任继周, 王钦, 牟新待, 等. 草原生产流程及草原季节畜牧业[J]. 中国农业科学, 1978, 11(2):87-92. |
REN Jizhou, WANG Qin, MOU Xindai, et al. Grassland production process and seasonal animal husbandry[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 1978, 11 (2): 97-92. | |
[5] | 吐尔逊娜依·热依木. 牧民定居现状分析与发展对策研究[D]. 乌鲁木齐: 新疆农业大学, 2004. |
Tuerxunnayi Reyimu. Analysis of the situation and study on the development strategy of settlement for herdsmen[D]. Urumqi: Xinjiang Agricultural University, 2004. | |
[6] | 张晓玲, 徐田伟, 谭攀柱, 等. 季节放牧对高寒草原植被群落和生物量的影响[J]. 西北农业学报, 2019, 28(10):1576-1582. |
ZHANG Xiaoling, XU Tianwei, TAN Panzhu, et al. Effect of seasonal grazing on plant community and biomass of alpine steppe[J]. Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Occidentalis Sinica, 2019, 28(10): 1576-1582. | |
[7] | 刘建军, 浦野忠朗, 鞠子茂, 等. 放牧对草原生态系统地下生产力及生物量的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2005, 25(1):88-93. |
LIU Jianjun, URANO Taddaki, MARIKO Shigeru, et al. Influence of grazing pressures on belowground productivity and biomass in Mongolia steppe[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2005, 25(1): 88-93. | |
[8] | 聂秀青, 熊丰, 李长斌, 等. 青藏高原高寒灌丛生态系统草本层生物量分配格局[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(18):6664-6669. |
NIE Xiuqing, XIONG Feng, LI Changbin, et al. Biomass allocation relationships in the grass layer in alpine shrubland ecosystems on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(18): 6664-6669. | |
[9] | 高丽楠. 放牧对川西北高寒草甸植被生物量及土壤氮素的影响[J]. 江苏农业科学, 2018, 46(15):226-231. |
GAO Linan. Effect of grazing on vegetation biomass and soil nitrogen of alpine meadow in Northwest Sichuan[J]. Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences, 2018, 46(15): 226-231. | |
[10] | 柴曦, 梁存柱, 梁茂伟, 等. 内蒙古草甸草原与典型草原地下生物量与生产力季节动态及其碳库潜力[J]. 生态学报, 2014, 34(19):5530-5540. |
CHAI Xi, LIANG Cunzhu, LIANG Maowei, et al. Seasonal dynamics of belowground biomass and productivity and potential of carbon sequestration in meadow steppe and typical steppe, in Inner Mongolia, China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2014, 34(19): 5530-5540. | |
[11] | 布仁其其格. 放牧强度对典型草原植物多样性与生产力的影响[D]. 呼和浩特: 内蒙古大学, 2010. |
Burenqiqige. Effect of different grazing systems on diversity and productivity of plant in Stipa krylovii Roshev. typical steppe[D]. Huhhot: Inner Mongolia University, 2010. | |
[12] | 张景慧, 祁瑜, 王艳, 等. 放牧对贝加尔针茅草原植物个体和群落生物量分配的影响[J]. 北京师范大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 48(3):270-275. |
ZHANG Jinghui, QI Yu, WANG Yan, et al. The effects of grazing on individual-level and community-level biomass allocation in the Stipa baicalensisn steppe[J]. Journal of Beijing Normal University (Natural Science Ed.), 2012, 48(3): 270-275. | |
[13] | 高永恒, 陈槐, 罗鹏, 等. 放牧强度对川西北高寒草甸植物生物量及其分配的影响[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2008, 24(3):26-32. |
GAO Yongheng, CHEN Huai, LUO Peng, et al. Effect of grazing intensity on biomass of alpine meadow and its allocation in the northwestern Sichuan[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2008, 24(3): 26-32. | |
[14] | 崔树娟, 布仁巴音, 朱小雪, 等. 不同季节适度放牧对高寒草甸植物群落特征的影响[J]. 西北植物学报, 2014, 34(2):349-357. |
CUI Shujuan, Burenbayin, ZHU Xiaoxue, et al. Effects of seasonal moderate grazing on plant community of alpine meadow[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2014, 34(2): 349-357. | |
[15] | 沈禹颖, 阎顺国, 朱兴运, 等. 河西走廊几种盐化草地第一性生产力的研究.I.地上生物量与地下生物量季节动态及分配[J]. 草业学报, 1995, 4(2):44-50. |
SHEN Yuying, YAN Shunguo, ZHU Xingyun, et al. The primary productivity of saline pastures in Hexi Corridor. I. The seasonal dynamics of above and underground biomass[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 1995, 4(2): 44-50. | |
[16] |
McNaughton S J. Compensatory plant growth as a response to herbivory[J]. Oikos, 1983, 40(3): 329-336.
DOI URL |
[17] |
WU Gaolin, DU Guozhen, LIU Zhengheng, et al. Effect of fencing and grazing on a Kobresia-dominated meadow in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Plant and Soil, 2009, 319(2): 115-126.
DOI URL |
[18] | 姚喜喜. 高寒草甸植物群落和家畜对放牧压力的响应机制研究[D]. 兰州: 甘肃农业大学, 2019. |
YAO Xixi. Studies on response mechanism of plant community and livestock to grazing pressure in an alpine meadow[D]. Lanzhou: Gansu Agricultural University, 2019. | |
[19] |
Diaz S, Lavorel S, McIntyre S, et al. Plant trait responses to grazing — a global synthesis[J]. Global Change Biology, 2007, 13(2): 313-341.
DOI URL |
[20] |
董全民, 赵新全, 马玉寿, 等. 放牧强度对高寒混播人工草地群落特征及地上现存量的影响[J]. 草地学报, 2012, 20(1):10-16.
DOI |
DONG Quanmin, ZHAO Xinquan, MA Yushou, et al. Effect of grazing intensity on community character and aboveground present biomass of alpine mixed-sown pasture[J]. Acta Agrestia Sinica, 2012, 20(1): 10-16. | |
[21] | 孙熙麟, 王明玖, 陈海军, 等. 短花针茅荒漠草原地下生物量对不同强度放牧的响应[J]. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2010, 31(4):101-104. |
SUN Xilin, WANG Mingjiu, CHEN Haijun, et al. Response of underground biomass of different grazing intensities in the Stipa breviflora desert steppe[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Ed.), 2010, 31(4): 101-104. | |
[22] | 李怡, 韩国栋. 放牧强度对内蒙古大针茅典型草原地下生物量及其垂直分布的影响[J]. 内蒙古农业大学学报(自然科学版), 2011, 32(2):89-92. |
LI Yi, HAN Guodong. Effects of different grazing intensities on the underground biomass and its vertical distribution of the typical Stipa grandis steppe[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University (Natural Science Ed.), 2011, 32(2): 89-92. | |
[23] | 许曼丽, 朱志红, 李英年, 等. 高寒矮嵩草草甸4种主要植物补偿生长变化与耐牧性比较研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2012, 28(20):7-16. |
XU Manli, ZHU Zhihong, LI Yingnian, et al. Compensatory growth and grazing-tolerance of 4 major plant species in alpine Kobresia hunilis meadow[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2012, 28(20): 7-16. | |
[24] | 段敏杰, 高清竹, 万运帆, 等. 放牧对藏北紫花针茅高寒草原植物群落特征的影响[J]. 生态学报, 2010, 30(14):3892-3900. |
DUAN Minjie, GAO Qingzhu, WAN Yunfan, et al. Effect of grazing on community characteristics and species diversity of Stipa purpurea alpine grassland in Northern Tibet[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2010, 30(14): 3892-3900. | |
[25] |
仁青吉, 崔现亮, 赵彬彬. 放牧对高寒草甸植物群落结构及生产力的影响[J]. 草业学报, 2008, 17(6):134-140.
DOI |
REN Qingji, CUI Xianliang, ZHAO Binbin. Effect of grazing on community structure and productivity in an alpine meadow[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2008, 17(6):134-140. | |
[26] | 宋磊, 董全民, 李世雄, 等. 放牧对青海湖北岸高寒草原植物群落特征的影响[J]. 草业科学, 2016, 33(8):1625-1632. |
SONG Lei, DONG Quanmin, LI Shixiong, et al. Impact of grazing on the characteristics of alpine grassland plant community on the north shore of Qinghai lake region[J]. Pratacultural Science, 2016, 33(8): 1625-1632. | |
[27] |
Dahlman R C, Kucera C L. Root productivity and turnover in native prairie[J]. Ecology, 1965, 46(1-2): 84-89.
DOI URL |
[28] | 王悦骅, 宋晓辉, 王占文, 等. 短花针茅荒漠草原植物地上地下生物量对载畜率和降水的响应[J]. 西北植物学报, 2018, 38(8):1526-1533. |
WANG Yuehua, SONG Xiaohui, WANG Zhanwen, et al. Responses of plant above and underground productivity of Stipa breviflora desert steppe to stocking rates and precipitation[J]. Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica, 2018, 38(8): 1526-1533. | |
[29] | 宇万太, 于永强. 植物地下生物量研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2001, 12(6):927-932. |
YU Taiwan, YU Yongqiang. Advances in the research of underground biomass[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2001, 12(6): 927-932. | |
[30] | 毛绍娟, 吴启华, 李红琴, 等. 放牧强度对高寒杂草类草甸群落结构及生物量的影响[J]. 冰川冻土, 2015, 37(5):1372-1380. |
MAO Shaojuan, WU Qihua, LI Hongqin, et al. Effects of grazing intensity on species diversity and biomass in alpine-cold forb meadow on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology, 2015, 37(5): 1372-1380. | |
[31] | 卫智军, 闫瑞瑞, 运向军, 等. 放牧制度下荒漠草原主要植物生物量及能量分配研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(5):1124-1130. |
WEI Zhijun, YAN Ruirui, YUN Xiangjun, et al. Study on biomass and energy allocation of major plant species in desert steppe under different grazing systems[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2011, 31(5): 1124-1130. | |
[32] |
DENG Lei, Sweeney S, SHANGGUAN Zhouping, Grassland responses to grazing disturbance:plant diversity changes with grazing intensity in a desert steppe[J]. Grass and Forage Science, 2014, 69(3): 524-533.
DOI URL |
[33] | 王炜, 梁存柱, 刘钟龄, 等. 草原群落退化与恢复演替中的植物个体行为分析[J]. 植物生态学报, 2000, 24(3):268. |
WANG Wei, LIANG Cunzhu, LIU Zhongling, et al. Analysis of plant individual behavior in degradation and restoration succession of grassland communities[J]. Acta Phytoecologica Sinica, 2000, 24(3): 268. | |
[34] | 安慧. 放牧干扰对荒漠草原优势植物形态可塑性及生物量分配的影响[J]. 干旱区资源与环境, 2014, 28(11):116-121. |
AN Hui. Effect of grazing on morphological plasticity and biomass allocation of dominant species in desert steppe[J]. Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment, 2014, 28(11): 116-121. |
[1] | LYU Qi, JIANG Yu, ZHAO Fengyun, LEI Ye, YU Kun, YAO Dongdong, LI Xujiao, SHA Riye, WANG Fangxia. Effects of Biochar on Biomass, Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters and Ion Distribution of FIG under Salt Stress [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(3): 574-581. |
[2] | ZHAO Xinxin, LIU Taijie, HAN Yingchun, WANG Guoping, CHEN Huanxuan, XIONG Shiwu, LEI Yaping, YANG Beifang, LI Yabing, FENG Lu. Effect of Densities and Varieties on Yield and Quality of Mechanical-harvested Cotton Interplanted with Wheat [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(9): 2081-2090. |
[3] | YANG Jinyu, SUN Jiusheng, QIAO Xiaoyan, HUAI Guolong. Effects of Different Light Quality Ratios on the Growth of Hydroponic Forage Barley [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(8): 1871-1876. |
[4] | PAN Jinlong, TANG Guangmu, XU Wangli, MA Xueqin, ZHANG Yunshu, MA Haigang, JIA Hongtao. Effects of Cotton Stalk Charcoal on Active Organic Carbon and Nitrogen in Ash Desert Soil [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(7): 1615-1624. |
[5] | WANG Zhenguo, MA Yuanyuan, WANG Xina, LIU Shaoquan, GU Chaofeng, JI Qiang. Effects of Biochar Input on Soil Organic Carbon and Maize Growth [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(4): 818-826. |
[6] | MENG Ajing, QI Yingying, FU Yanbo, WANG Zhiguo, WANG Xinyong, FENG Yaozu. Effects of Warming Irrigation on Biomass, Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Cotton [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(3): 558-566. |
[7] | CAI Sha, YUE Yonghuan, JIN Guili. Effects of Water Stress on the Growth of Achnatherum inebrians [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(11): 2714-2723. |
[8] | Abdukadier Kurban, CHEN Yongqiang, LIU Huajun, PAN Jinghai, LI Xiaohui, LIN Ming, LU Weidan, BAI Xiaoshan, DONG Xinjiu, LI Sizhong. Effects of Subsoiling on the Characteristics of Morphological Structure and Biomass Accumulation of Sugar Beet in Long-term Leaf Cluster [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2421-2430. |
[9] | CHEN Yudong, LV Guanghui, ZHANG Lei, JIANG Lamei, WANG Hengfang. Effects of Functional Traits of Desert Plants on Biomass in Arid Regions with Different Soil Water-Salt Gradients [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(10): 2574-2584. |
[10] | LÜ Wenjun, Tuerxunnayi Reyimu, Xueretijiang Maitinuri, ZHANG Qingqing. Analysis on the Characteristics of Plant Communities in Mountain Meadow Grassland under Nomadic and Settled Grazing [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(1): 231-241. |
[11] | WANG Junjie, LI Jun, QIAO Zhijun. Effects of Biological Bacterial Fertilizer on Growth Index and Yield of Foxtail Millet [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(6): 1042-1047. |
[12] | Saimilakezi Taiwaikuli, JIN Guili, AN Shazhou, DONG Yiqiang. Characteristics of Bud Bank Dynamic Changes in Different Habitats of Achnatherum inebrians [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(5): 947-954. |
[13] | LIU Chunhua, ZHANG Rui,XIE Fu,WANG Yang,HU Kaihong,WANG Jianjian SONG Yan,ZHAO Zhenkun,ZHANG Jianliang. Response of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Walnut Seedlings to High Phosphorus Stress [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(2): 254-264. |
[14] | LI Yali, Harihash Yibati, ZHANG Yan, LI Yuan, LI Qingjun. Effects of N, P Fertilizer Reduction and K, Zn Fertilizer Interaction on Cotton Biomass, Yield and Nutrient Uptake [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(4): 746-753. |
[15] | GE Chunhui, ZHANG Yunshu, TANG Guangmu, XU wanli, YAO Hongyu. Effects of Application of Biochar on Biomass and Phosphorus Uptake in Maize [J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2020, 57(3): 442-449. |
Viewed | ||||||
Full text |
|
|||||
Abstract |
|
|||||