Effects of Different Abaxial Leaf Supplemental Lightning Modes on Fruit Quality of Tomato Produced in Gobi Greenhouses

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.011

Abstract

Abstract: 【Objective】 To explore the effect of different abaxial leaf supplemental lighting modes on tomato fruit quality in Gobi solar greenhouse in southern Xinjiang in the hope of obtaining the economically optimal supplemental lightning mode which might be suitable for facility tomato production in this region.【Method】 NS3389 tomato was used as the test material, and LED was used as the supplement light source. During 08: 00-22: 00 Beijing time, no supplement treatment was used as a blank control (CK). We settled three supplemental lightning modes: T₁, continuous supplemental lightning with photosynthetic photon fluxion density (PPDF) of 100 μmol/(m²·s); T₂, intermittent supplemental lightning before curtain opening and after curtain closing with PPFD of 200 μmol/(m²·s); T₃, automatically supplemental lightning with PPFD of 100 μmol/(m²·s)When indoor PPFD below 150 μmol/(m²·s).【Result】 The soluble solid content, total acid content, and sugar-acid ratio of tomato fruits under T₂ and T₃ were higher than those of other treatments; the soluble protein, ascorbic acid (VC), lycopene, and volatile matter contents of tomato fruits under T₂ treatment were the highest.【Conclusion】 Based on the results of previous economic studies, a moderate high PPFD supplemental lightening mode (T₂ treatment) before curtain opening and after curtain closing is more suitable for high-quality tomato production in Gobi greenhouses in southern Xinjiang.

Key words: Gobi greenhouse; tomato; abaxial leaf supplemental lightening; fruit quality

摘要： 【目的】研究南疆戈壁日光温室内不同叶背补光模式对番茄果实品质的影响,以获得适合该地区设施番茄生产的经济最适补光模式。【方法】 以NS3389番茄作为材料,LED为补光光源,于08:00~22:00期间内,以无补光处理为空白对照(CK),并设置3种叶背补光模式:T₁,100 μmol/(m²·s)持续补光;T₂,揭帘之前与盖帘之后200 μmol/(m²·s)间歇补光;T₃,揭帘后室内光强低于150 μmol/(m²·s)时按照100 μmol/(m²·s)自动补光。【结果】 T₂和T₃下番茄果实的可溶性固形物含量、总酸含量以及糖酸比均高于其他处理;T₂处理下番茄果实中可溶性蛋白、抗坏血酸(VC)、番茄红素和挥发性物质含量最高。【结论】 揭帘前后的适度高光强补光模式(T₂处理)较适合南疆地区戈壁温室高品质番茄生产。

关键词: 戈壁温室, 番茄, 叶背补光, 果实品质

CLC Number:

S641.2

SONG Yu,JIANG Chengyao,LI Yushan. Effects of Different Abaxial Leaf Supplemental Lightning Modes on Fruit Quality of Tomato Produced in Gobi Greenhouses[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2021, 58(2): 294-303.

宋羽, 蒋程瑶, 李玉姗. 不同叶背补光模式对戈壁温室番茄品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2021, 58(2): 294-303.

References 22

[1]	李天来,许勇,张金霞.我国设施蔬菜、西甜瓜和食用菌产业发展的现状及趋势[J].中国蔬菜,2019,(11):6-9.LI Tianlai, XU Yong, ZHANG Jinxia. Status and trend of the development of facility vegetables, western melon and edible fungi in China [J]. China Vegetables, 2019,(11):6-9.
[2]	新疆维吾尔自治区统计局. 新疆统计年鉴[J]. 中国统计出版社,2018.Statistic Bureau of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Statistical Yearbook of Xinjiang for 2018. [J]. China Statistics Press, 2018.
[3]	杨其长.LED在农业与生物产业的应用与前景展望[J].中国农业科技导报,2008,(10):42-47.YANG Qichang. Application and prospect of LED in agricultural and biological industry [J]. China Agricultural Science and Technology Bulletin, 2008,(10):42-47.
[4]	Lu N., Maruo T, Johkan M., et al. Effects of supplemental lighting with light-emitting diodes (LEDs) on tomato yield and quality of single-truss tomato plants grown at high planting density[J]. Environment Control in Biology, 2012,50(1):63-74.
[5]	钱舒婷.不同补光灯对设施草莓、番茄光合生长及产量品质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.QIAN Shuting. Effects of different supplementary light on photosynthetic growth and yield quality of strawberries and tomatoes [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2018.
[6]	Song Y.,Jiang C.,Gao L. Polychromatic supplemental lighting from underneath canopy is more effective to enhance tomato plant development by improving leaf photosynthesis and stomatal regulation[J]. Frontiers Plant Science, 2016,(7):1832.
[7]	Jiang C., Johkan M., Maruo T., et al. Effect of supplemental far-red light with blue and red LED lamps on leaf photosynthesis, stomatal regulation and plant development of protected cultivated tomato [J]. Acta Horticulturae, 2018, (1227):533-540.
[8]	杨俊伟,梁婷婷,严露露,等.光质对番茄果实品质及挥发性物质的影响[J].食品科学,2019,40(11):55-61.YANG Junwei, LIANG Tingting, YAN Lulu, et al. Effects of light quality on fruit quality and volatile substances of tomato [J].Food Science, 2019, 40(11):55-61.
[9]	潘铜华. CO2富集与光强互作对番茄光合碳同化的影响及代谢组研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2019.PAN Tonghua. Effects of CO2 enrichment and light intensity interaction on photosynthetic carbon assimilation and metabolomics of tomato [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2019.
[10]	宋羽.株间LED补光与温室番茄光能利用特性及生长发育关系的研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.SONG Yu. Study on the relationship between LED supplementary light and greenhouse tomato light utilization characteristics and growth and development [D]. Beijing: China Agricultural University, 2017.
[11]	Jiang C., Johkan M., Hohjo T., et al. Supplemental lighting applied within or underneath the canopy enhances leaf photosynthesis, stomatal regulation and plant development of tomato under limiting light conditions, Acta Hortic. 2018,1227:645-652.
[12]	薛国萍,姜伟,付崇毅,等. LED光源对草莓生长发育影响的研究进展[J].北方农业学报, 2017,45(5):108-114.XUE Guoping, JIANG Wei, FU Chongyi, et al. Advances in research on the effects of LED light on the growth and development of strawberry [J]. Journal of North Agriculture, 2017,45(5):108-114.
[13]	何蔚.不同光周期和光质配比对番茄和辣椒苗生长的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.HE Wei. Effects of different photoperiod and light quality ratio on the growth of tomato and pepper seedlings [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2017.
[14]	刘露.不同留果穗数和不同补光时间对番茄品质及产量的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2018.LIU Lu. Effects of different number of ears and different time of light supplement on tomato quality and yield [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2018
[15]	程亚娇,谌俊旭,王仲林,等.光强和光质对大豆幼苗形态及光合特性的影响[J].中国农业科学, 2018,51(14):2655-2663.CHENG Yajiao, SHEN Junxu, WANG Zhonglin, et al. Effects of light intensity and quality on morphology and photosynthetic characteristics of soybean seedlings [J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2008, 51(14): 2655-2663.
[16]	Jiang C., Johkan M., Hohjo M., et al. Photosynthesis, plant growth, and fruit production of single-truss tomato improves with supplemental lighting provided from underneath or within the inner canopy. Sci. Hortic. 2017,222:221-229.
[17]	蒋程瑶,宋羽,李玉姗.不同叶背补光模式对戈壁温室番茄叶片光合性能与固碳效应的影响[J].中国蔬菜,2019,(10):32-38.JIANG Chenyao, SONG Yu, LI Yushan. Effects of different backfill light modes on photosynthetic performance and carbon sequestration of tomato leaves in Gobi greenhouse [J]. China Vegetables, 2019,(10):32-38.
[18]	高俊风.植物生理学指导书[M]. 北京:高等教育出版社: 2006:75-204.GAO Junfeng. Guide to Plant Physiology [M]. Beijing: Higher Education Press: 2016:75-204.
[19]	岳钉伊.增施CO2与LED补光互作对日光温室番茄光合作用和产量及品质的影响[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2017.YUE Dingyi. Effects of CO2 and LED light supplement on photosynthesis, yield and quality of Tomato in solar greenhouse [D]. Yangling: Northwest A & F University, 2017.
[20]	Baldwin E A, Scott J W, Shewmaker C K, et al. Flavor trivia and tomato aroma: biochemistry and possible mechanisms for control of important aroma components [J]. Horticultural Science, 2000, 35(6):1013-1021.
[21]	Yang T, Yang X, Wang X, et al. The role of tomato products and lycopene in the prevention of gastric cancer: A meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies [J]. Medical Hypotheses, 2013, 80(4): 383-388.
[22]	密森.番茄果实主要芳香物质含量和营养品质组成变化的研究[D].扬州:扬州大学,2012.MI Seng. Studies on the changes of the contents of main aromatic substances and the composition of nutritional quality in tomato fruits [D]. Yangzhou: Yangzhou University, 2012.