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20 February 2021, Volume 58 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue
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Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology
Physiology and Biochemistry·Horticultural Special Local Products·Soil FertilizetoStorage and Preservation Processing·Facility Agriculture
Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Prataculture


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Crop Genetics and Breeding·Germplasm Resources·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology

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Cloning and Functional Analysis of Cytochrome P450 Superfamily Gene GhCYP85A2-1 in Upland Cotton ZHANG Yi, SHAO Dongnan, XUE Fei, LI Huqing, WANG Xuefeng, LI Yanjun, ZHANG Xinyu, LIU Feng, SUN Jie 2021, 58(2): 197-205.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (2137KB) ( )   【Objective】 The principal objective is to investigate the biological function of CYP85A subfamily genes of the cytochrome P450 superfamily in the development of cotton plant height in the hope of providing a scientific basis for molecular breeding of upland cotton plants.【Method】 A CYP85A family gene GhCYP85A2-1 was cloned from upland cotton by homologous cloning. Tobacco rattle virus (TRV) induced gene silencing technology (Virus-induced gene silencing, VIGS) was used to construct GhCYP85A2-1 gene silencing vector, total RNA was extracted, and gene expression of GhCYP85A2-1 in infecting cotton seedlings was investigated by qRT-PCR.【Result】 The study found that the height of GhCYP85A2-1 gene silenced plants was significantly reduced, and so was the gene expression.【Conclusion】 GhCYP85A2-1 gene plays an important regulatory role in the development of cotton plant height.

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Cloning and Expression Analysis of GbHCT10 Gene of Gossypium barbadense L. MIN Kaili, CHAO Xiangbao, TENG Lu, CAI Yongsheng, LEI Huichen, YAN Zhongjian, ZHENG Kai, CHEN Quanjia 2021, 58(2): 206-215.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (2598KB) ( )   【Objective】 To investigate the role of GbHCT10 gene in fiber development of Gossypium barbadense L.【Methods】 The experiment was carried out on the 5 th day of fiber development of cottonvariety Xinhai 21, a pair of primers were designed according to the sequence of GbHCT10 gene of Gossypium barbadense L., and the nucleotide sequence of GbHCT10 was cloned by RT-PCR. The analysis of the sequence of GbHCT10 gene by the bioinformatics method showed that the gene had a length of 1,248 bp, and it encoded 415 amino acids. The predicted molecular weight of the protein was 45.13 kD, and the isoelectric point was 6.01, respectively. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to analyze the difference of GbHCT10 gene expression in Xinhai 21 cotton at different flowering stages.【Results】 The results showed that, the expression of GbHCT10 gene in Gossypium barbadense L. varied with the development of cotton fiber, and the expression was higher on the 5 th and the 10 th day after anthesis, and the expression was the lowest on the 25 th day. Evolutionary tree analysis showed that Xinhai 21 GbHCT10 gene was closely related to Gossypium arboreum HCT gene in the same branch.【Conclusion】 The results of this study las a foundation for further study on the role of GbHCT10 gene in cotton fiber development.

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Interaction Effects of Early-maturing Upland Cotton Varieties and Meteorological Factors on Cotton Fiber Quality MA Xiaomei,LI Baocheng,WANG Xin,ZHAO Suqin,LIU Yongchang, HAN Huanyong, ZHOU Xiaofeng, DONG Chengguang 2021, 58(2): 216-226.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (942KB) ( )   【Objective】 The purpose of this project was to provide guidance information for selecting reference for early-maturing upland cotton varieties breeding in Xinjiang.【Method】The software of EXCEL 2003 and SPSS19.0 were used to analyze the correlation and stepwise regression of three years' experimental data of the tested strain, analyze the interrelationship between cotton fiber quality traits, variety characteristics and meteorological factors, and establish the optimal regression model to identify the key influencing factors. 【Results】The number of days between seedling emergence and flowering had a very significant effect on the fiber length and elongation, but significant effect on the micronaire value and the fiber strength; in the quality of cotton fibers, there is a direct effect between the elongation and the fiber length, and there is a very significant positively ; correlation;micronaire value and fiber strength have indirect and significant cffects on elongation and fiber length,and fiber strength has significant positive effects on uniformity. Among the meteorological factors , the diurnal temperature range showed a signigicant negative correlation with the fiber length ,micronaire value and elongation in the cotton fiber quality index.Active accumulated temperature above 10℃ has a significant positive correlation with fiber strength.The above correlation indexes can be used to construct the stepwise regression equation,and the t-test is significant.【Conclusion】In the growth period, the number of days from seeding emergence to flowering had significant influence on the fiber quality. Among the fiber quality indexes, the average length of the upper part of the fiber was significantly correlated with the elongation and the micronaire value, the fiber strength was significantly correlated with the elongation and the micronaire value was significantly correlated with the average length of the upper part of the fiber .All of the meteorological factors,the larger the diurnal temperature rang may lead to the lower the fiber length, micronaire value and elongation, the higher active accumulated temperature above 10℃, and the higher fiber strength.

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Effects of Extended Driptape-row Ratio on Nitrogen Absorption and Yield of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation in Xinjiang ZHANG Longlong,LU Weipeng,YANG Jianping,WAN Wenliang, DIAO Ming ,JIANG Dong 2021, 58(2): 227-236.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (2152KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the effects of different planting methods on dry matter, nitrogen absorption and yield of wheat. In this experiment, three planting methods (conventional sowing, wide-narrow row sowing and narrow-width row sowing) and three drip irrigation configurations (TR4: two rows on each side of a drip irrigation belt, R1 and R2; TR6:3 rows on each side of a drip irrigation belt, R1, R2 and R3; TR8: 4 rows on each side of a drip irrigation belt, R1, R2, R3 and R4).【Methods】 The wheat varieties were Xinchun 44 and Xinchun 22.The test results showed that: expanding the row ratio and narrowing the row spacing were beneficial to the accumulation of dry matter per plant in the side row of wheat, and compared with TR4, the planting mode of K6 had the best performance.【Results】 In K6 and S6 planting modes, the decrease of nitrogen accumulation per plant in R4 rows was less than that in R1, R2 and R3 rows, and in K8 and S8 planting modes, the decrease of nitrogen accumulation per plant in R4 rows was less than that in R1, R2 and R3 rows.In the case of expanding the pipe row ratio and narrowing the row spacing, the yield of row R3 in the K6 and S6 planting modes, row R4 in the K8 and S8 planting modes was higher than that of row R2 and row R3, respectively.【Conclusion】 The yield difference between S6 planting mode and TR4 planting mode was not significant.To sum up, the yield reduction of S6 planting mode is not significant, and the production cost is reduced and the economic benefit is improved.Therefore, S6 planting mode is the optimal mode.

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Effects of Different Drip Irrigation Belt Configurations on Spring Wheat Yield LU Weipeng, ZHANG Longlong, YANG Jianping, DIAO Ming, JIANG Dong 2021, 58(2): 237-246.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1657KB) ( )   【Objective】 To clarify the effect of different drip irrigation belt configurations on spring wheat yield in Xinjiang under drip irrigation.【Methods】 Under field test conditions, using spring wheat variety Xinchun 44 as the material, three drip irrigation band configurations were set up: one tube (1 row (TR4, control)), 6 lines (TR6), and 8 lines (TR8). Differences in plant yield between the first (R1), second (R2), third (R3), and fourth (R4) rows of the belt.【Results】 Compared with TR4, the leaf area of TR6 and TR8 plants decreased by 5.80% and 8.69%, respectively, and their plant height decreased by 1.03% and 2.71%. The dry matter accumulation and yield of wheat plants in each row decreased with the increase of the distance from the drip irrigation zone. The dry matter accumulation and grain yield in rows R1 and R2 were significantly higher than those in rows R3 and R4.【Conclusion】 Other indicators also showed similar trends. Indicating that R3 and R4 are often in a water deficit state. The path analysis results show that the effect of grain number per ear on yield under direct water and fertilizer conditions is a direct effect, and thousand-grain weight is an indirect effect.

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Preliminary Study on the Effects of Mixed Substrate of Leaves with Different Amount of Organic Fertilizer on Seeding Breeding of Zucchini YAO Wenying,PENG Cuilan,YANG Haijun,DU Hongbin 2021, 58(2): 247-253.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (752KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study the effects of different amount of organic fertilizer on the physical and chemical properties of substrate, plant morphological and physiological indexes of zucchini and select the compound matrix formula of leaves which might be the most suitable for seedling raising of zucchini.【Method】 Using leaves and mushroom residue of agricultural waste as substrate materials, the fermentation test of leaf substrate was carried out with different organic fertilizer dosage, and the seedling raising test of zucchini point plate was carried out with zucchini variety "early green generation" to verify the formula effect of leaf compound matrix.【Result】 Each treatment could promote the root growth of zucchini, and 10% organic fertilizer (leaves: mushroom dregs = 2∶1) was the best matrix formula for reducing the cost of all treatments and had a good effect on the root growth of zucchini.【Conclusion】 In the seedling raising of zucchini, the compound substrate of leaves can be used to replace grass peat, and the cost of seedling raising can be reduced.

Physiology and Biochemistry·Horticultural Special Local Products·Soil FertilizetoStorage and Preservation Processing·Facility Agriculture

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Response of Photosynthetic Characteristics of Walnut Seedlings to High Phosphorus Stress LIU Chunhua, ZHANG Rui,XIE Fu,WANG Yang,HU Kaihong,WANG Jianjian SONG Yan,ZHAO Zhenkun,ZHANG Jianliang 2021, 58(2): 254-264.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (1311KB) ( )   【Objective】 To reveal the photosynthetic physiology and material accumulation characteristics of walnut rootstock seedlings under high phosphorus stress in the hope of providing a reference for the application and management of phosphate fertilizer on walnut seedlings.【Method】 Xinxin 2 walnut seedlings were taken as research materials, and the biomass, photosynthetic characteristics, fluorescence characteristics, photosynthetic products and nutrient elements of walnuts were compared under high phosphorus gradient.【Result】 The results showed that the overall biomass of walnut seedlings showed a downward trend with the increase of phosphorus application. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2 concentration, transpiration rate, initial fluorescence, maximum fluorescence, maximum photochemical quantum efficiency, and light and pigment increased first and then decreased, and reached the peak value under P2 treatment. Soluble sugars and soluble proteins synthesized by different phosphorus levels in walnut seedlings increased with the increase of phosphorus gradient, and acid phosphatase activity decreased. Sulfur, potassium, molybdenum, zinc, boron, and iron elements in walnut rootstock seedlings increased first and then declined with the increase of phosphorus supply level, and reached a peak under P2 treatment. The phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, copper, and manganese elements followed the phosphorus level. It increased with the increase of P and reached the maximum value under P4 treatment, which indicated that excessive phosphorus was not conducive to the absorption of the above elements by walnut seedlings.【Conclusion】 High phosphorus stress significantly, inhibited the growth and photosynthesis of walnut seedlings, and broke the balance between the nutrient contents of the walnut seedlings. Too high or too low phosphorus is not conducive to the growth and development of walnut seedlings.

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Digital Study on the Canopy Structure of Grape with Different Tree Shapes ZHANG Jie, YANG Weiwei, RONG Xinmin, LIU Huaifeng 2021, 58(2): 265-275.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (2186KB) ( )   【Objective】 To provide theoretical basis for accurate establishment of virtual canopy and accurate quantitative evaluation of canopy spatial structure and selection of grape tree shape.【Methods】 In this study, a three-dimensional virtual model of different tree-shaped structures were established by using three kinds of purple seedless grapes with 11 years old as experimental materials; Based on the morphological parameters of branches and leaves measured in the field by digital instrument, the virtual tree bodies of different tree shapes were reconstructed by computer.【Result】 The results showed that: With the increase of branch length, the three types of trees would avoid the strong light at noon. In this study, the method of virtual digitizer combined with computer software was established on the basis of the actual growth parameters of the tree body, and the virtual tree body was successfully established, which could analyze and study the relationship between branches and leaves of the grape canopy and photosynthesis of the tree body without damaging the tree body. The interception value of 'bird' tree light was found much higher than that of the other two frames, the degree of self-shielding was smaller than that of the other two frames, and the utilization rate of light energy was higher.【Conclusion】 It was concluded that the digital instrument combined with the actual data of leaves and branches of the local purple sweet seedless grape variety is feasible to establish the whole virtual grape body. From the perspective of photosynthetically effective radiation (PAR) and fruit quality analysis, the tree shape of birds is the optimal tree shape in this study.

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Studies on the Fast Chlorophyll Fluorescence Induction Dynamics in a New Yellow Green Leaf Mutant Cantaloupe(Cmygl-1) LIU Huifang, HAN Hongwei, WANG Qiang, ZHUANG Hongmei, WANG Hao 2021, 58(2): 276-281.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (938KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the dynamic characteristics of rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction of yellow-green mutant Cmygl-1 in cantaloupe leaves.【Method】 The mutant Cmygl-1 and its wild-type near-isogene line were used as test materials to analyze the dynamic characteristics of rapid chlorophyll fluorescence induction of mutant by constructing a genetic isolation population.【Result】 The results showed that the mutant materials J-I phase elevated the O-J-I-P standard curve, and the ABS/RC increased but ABS/CSo decreased in blade, which revealed that the number of PSII decreased. On the Variable fluorescence ΔVt and ΔWk curves,ΔL-band and ΔK-band were greater than zero, and the TRo/RC was the same as the wild type with ETo/RC decreased in blade, which revealed that the reactivity was also greatly reduced. Although the reaction center could absorb more energy, but it captured less, and transferred less to the electron transport chain, and the rest was lost in the form of heat dissipation.【Conclusion】 This eventually leads to the decrease of maximum photochemical efficiency (φRo) and comprehensive performance index of PI (abs) in the PSII.

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Genetic Diversity of Leaf Phenotypic Traits in Jujube Germplasm Resources QIU Qianqian, FENG Yifeng, WU Cuiyun 2021, 58(2): 282-293.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1565KB) ( )   【Objective】 To understand the stability and evolutionary potential of species and to provide data and theoretical basis for the selection and development of excellent resources.【Methods】 The statistical methods of general descriptive statistics correlation analysis principal component analysis and cluster analysis were used to analyze the diversity of 12 leaf phenotypic traits of 177 materials of jujube germplasm resource garden in Tarim University.【Results】 (1) The jujube leaves were mostly oval blunt-pointed rounded at the base of the leaves and blunt-toothed at the leaf margins. The Shannon-wiener diversity index ranged from 0.2 to 1.22. (2) The coefficient of variation of numerical traits ranged from 9.30% to 42.79% and the average coefficient of variation was 23.59%. (3) The contribution rate of the feature vector of leaf width-leaf length-leaf area factor in principal component analysis was 23.04%. (4) Comprehensive descriptive traits and quantitative traits, which were divided into six groups, fully reflected the kinship relationship between resources【Conclusion】 The leaf traits of 177 jujube germplasm resources are abundant in phenotype. Leaf basal shape, leaf shape, sawtooth number of serrations on leaf margin, height of blade margin serration, leaf area and leaf circumference differ greatly among populations, and the evolutionary potential is greater, which are the main basis for jujube diversity analysis and can also provide guidance for introduction and resource screening.

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Effects of Different Abaxial Leaf Supplemental Lightning Modes on Fruit Quality of Tomato Produced in Gobi Greenhouses SONG Yu,JIANG Chengyao,LI Yushan 2021, 58(2): 294-303.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1382KB) ( )   【Objective】 To explore the effect of different abaxial leaf supplemental lighting modes on tomato fruit quality in Gobi solar greenhouse in southern Xinjiang in the hope of obtaining the economically optimal supplemental lightning mode which might be suitable for facility tomato production in this region.【Method】 NS3389 tomato was used as the test material, and LED was used as the supplement light source. During 08: 00-22: 00 Beijing time, no supplement treatment was used as a blank control (CK). We settled three supplemental lightning modes: T1, continuous supplemental lightning with photosynthetic photon fluxion density (PPDF) of 100 μmol/(m2·s); T2, intermittent supplemental lightning before curtain opening and after curtain closing with PPFD of 200 μmol/(m2·s); T3, automatically supplemental lightning with PPFD of 100 μmol/(m2·s)When indoor PPFD below 150 μmol/(m2·s).【Result】 The soluble solid content, total acid content, and sugar-acid ratio of tomato fruits under T2 and T3 were higher than those of other treatments; the soluble protein, ascorbic acid (VC), lycopene, and volatile matter contents of tomato fruits under T2 treatment were the highest.【Conclusion】 Based on the results of previous economic studies, a moderate high PPFD supplemental lightening mode (T2 treatment) before curtain opening and after curtain closing is more suitable for high-quality tomato production in Gobi greenhouses in southern Xinjiang.

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Study on Dynamics of Agrilus mali Matsumura Population and Selection of Sustained-Release Vials in Yili Wild Fruit Forest Area MA Zhilong,YAO Yanxia, Adili Sattar 2021, 58(2): 304-312.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1161KB) ( )   【Objective】 In order to grasp the dynamic law of population growth and decline in different habitats, meanwhile, a sustained-release bottle with good sustained-release effect on Agrilus mali Matsumura attractant was screened.【Method】 The two attractants YC and YSYZ were combined with two colors, light green and egg yellow, the population dynamics of Agrilus mali Matsumura were monitored in three environments, and the effects of three kinds of sustained-release vials on the trapping and sustained-release of two kinds of attractants in the field were compared; At the same time, the trapping effect of traps in different hanging positions of tree canopy was compared.【Results】 The results showed that: Adults were detected in cultivated apple orchards in Wuxiang in mid-June when the average temperature reached 20℃, the peak occurred in late June, the average temperature was 21.5℃. Adults were detected in flood land fruit forests in mid-June when the average temperature was 18.1℃, the peak occurred in late July when the average temperature reached 20.5℃. The first occurrence of adult in Saha wild fruit forest was in late June, the average temperature was 21.1℃, the peak of adult emergence was concentrated in the middle and late August. There was no significant difference in the luring effect of three sustained-release vials and two attractants on Agrilus mali Matsumura, however, the number of soft pottery perfume bottle traps was the highest; transparent perfume bottle had the longest lasting effect on two kinds of attractants, the effect of sustained release of soft pottery perfume bottle was the second, PVC sustained-release bottles had the worst sustained-release effects. From the number of suspension azimuth traps, the maximum number of traps is from 4 m north, the average number of 3 d traps reached 2.60 heads per sheet, the least number of traps were trapped at the height of 2 m east, only 0.64 heads per sheet.【Conclusion】 Temperature has a certain effect on the dynamics of the growth and decline of Agrilus mali Matsumura adults, soft pottery expanded perfume bottle has good sustained release effect and the best trapping effect. When used in the field, hanging on the north of wild apple trees for 4m can play a good lure effect, which provides an effective means to carry out Agrilus mali Matsumura adult insect surveillance work.

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Classification and Piceaschrenkiana var tianschanica forest communities in western Tianshan Mountains PEI Yuan,WANG Zhenxi,ZHU Siming,GE Yao ,SHI Yuxia 2021, 58(2): 313-323.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.013 Abstract ( )   PDF (1553KB) ( )   【Objective】 The quantitative classification and ranking of plant communities can objectively reveal the relationship between plant communities and the environment, which provides theoretical basis for the protection and sustainable management of Picea schrenkiana var tianschanica forest in Xinjiang Tianshan Mountains, it also supports for the evaluation of the renewal and restoration of forest communities in the western mountainous areas of the Tianshan Mountains after the implementation of the natural forest protection project.【Methods】 This paper took QiaXi Forest Park of Gongliu branch of state-owned forest administration in Western Tianshan Mountain as the research site and the spruce forest as the research object, based on the data of community investigation and environmental factors measurement, Two-way indicator species analysis was used to classify the spruce communities in the Western Tianshan Mountains, the redundancy analysis method was used to rank the species distribution, aimed to reveal the types and characteristics of the species communities and the relationship among environmental factors.【Results】 TWINSPAN classification divided the species community into 8 groups. In the tree layer, Picea schrenkiana var tianschanica forest was the dominant species, Sorbus tianschanica Rupr. was rarely distributed; in the shrub layer, there was less vegetation and a small amount of Lonicera tatarica L.; in the herb layer, the dominant species was Aegopodium tadshikorum, Trifolium repens Linn, Alchemilla japonica, Poa nemoralis L. and Cardamine impatiens, and they were widely distributed. The RDA ranking showed that the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of the Picea schrenkiana var tianschanica community were cutting intensity, slope, altitude, canopy closure and slope direction. Among them, environmental variables accounted for 40.8%, cutting intensity accounted for 4.9%, both accounted for 39.64%, and the unexplained part accounted for 14.69%.【Conclusion】 The Picea schrenkiana var tianschanica forest in the Western Tianshan Mountains was divided into eight community types. The cutting intensity factor and environmental factors jointly affect the community distribution pattern. The implementation of the natural forest conservation project made the natural forest recover well, the status of forest resources had been improved, and the ecological situation had changed from continuous deterioration to gradual improvement.

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Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Soil Nutrients in Agricultural Areas on the Southern Slope of Tianshan Mountain LI Yongfu,GENG Qinglong,CHEN Shuhuang,LAI Ning,LI Na,XIN Huinan,ZHAO Haiyan 2021, 58(2): 324-331.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (1169KB) ( )   【Objective】 This project aims to explore the spatial distribution of soil nutrients in the agricultural area on the southern slope of Tianshan mountain and analyze the correlation between soil nutrients and topographic factors.【Method】 A total of 487 samples were collected in the study area.Soil indexes included pH, organic matter(OM), total nitrogen(TN), alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen(AN), available phosphorus(AP) and available potassium(AK).The spatial distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in the study area were revealed by GIS and geostatistics, and the correlation between soil nutrient content and topographic factors was discussed【Result】 The soil pH value had the lowest variation, while the AP and AK had the highest variation, and the other variation coefficients were close to each other;The correlation between TN and OM was the strongest, the correlation between AN and other soil nutrients was extremely significant, and the correlation between TN and AK was the weakest;The content of OM and TN was low, the content of AN was very low, the content of AP was medium high, and the content of AK was medium low;The gold nugget effects of OM, TN and AN were 44.99%, 44.47% and 49.83%, respectively, while the gold nugget effects of AP and AK were 12.39% and 15.16%, respectively;The range of OM was 0.936 km at most, followed by 0.873 km and 0.582 km for TN and AN, respectively, and 0.051 km and 0.042 km for AP and AK, respectively.【Conclusion】 The soil nutrients in the south slope of Tianshan were of moderate variation,and the spatial difference of soil nutrients was obvious. OM, TN and AN showed moderate spatial correlation while AP and AK showed strong spatial correlation. In addition, topographic factors have great influence on soil nutrient content. It is necessary to guide and manage the application of fetilizer in the south slope of Tianshan mountain, reasonably increase the application of nitrogen fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and appropriately apply phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer.

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Effects of Potassium Deficiency on Soil Potassium and Quality of Different Winter Wheat Varieties LIU Xiaowei, ZHANG Haoyue, LI Wenxuan, LIU Haodong, ZHAO Sihang, YANG Xueju, ZHAO Yong, WANG Dianwu 2021, 58(2): 332-341.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (865KB) ( )   【Objective】 To study the effects of potassium deficiency on soil potassium and quality of different varieties of winter wheat in view of the shortage of potash resources and soil potassium deficiency in China.【Methods】 49 winter wheat varieties (lines) sui Table for production in Hebei province were used as materials.【Results】 Under the treatment of soil potassium deficiency, the content of slowly available potassium and rapidly available potassium in soil of different varieties of winter wheat decreased by 6.57%-39.06% and 5.21%-53.10% respectively. Grain yield, 1,000-grain weight, panicle grain number and panicle length decreased by 4.24%-44.48%, 1.49%-41.04%, 0-49.98% and 0-36.87%, respectively. The protein content, wet gluten content, sedimentation value, water absorption, stretching area and ductility of the seeds decreased by 0.07%-19.25%, 0.39%-19.74%, 1.40%-28.90%, 0.17%-5.79%, 0.19%-43.47% and 0.72%-19.63% respectively, but the starch content increased by 0.03%-13.67%.【Conclusion】 Compared with normal potassium, potassium content, grain yield and yield factors, and grain quality (except starch) decrease to different degrees due to potassium deficiency, which mainly affect the tensile area, settlement value, wet gluten and protein content in the quality indexes.

Animal Husbandry Veterinarian·Prataculture

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Salt Resistance of 10 Grasses at Germination Stage JI Bo, XU Jinpeng, SHI Long, JIANG Qi,YU Hongqian,WANG Zhanjun 2021, 58(2): 342-351.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (948KB) ( )   【Objective】 Ten perennial grasses materials (Agropyronmongolicumvar, mongolicum-Ningxia, A.mongolicumvar, mongolicum-Inner Mongolia, A.desertorum, A.cristatum, A.trachycaulumcv. Slender, Elymus sibiricus, E. dahuricus,Psathyrostachysjuncea, Elytrigiaelongata,Stipacapillata were used to evaluate their salt tolerance.【Method】 The relative germination rate (RGR), relative germination power (RGP), relative germination index (RGI), relative germ length (RGL),relative radicle length (RRL) and relative vigor index (RVI) were examined under different concentrations of NaCl solution (0, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1.0%, 1.2% and 1.4%) with 3 replicates by the method of subordinate function.【Result】 The salt stress had significant effects on the 10 accessions at the germination stage. However, all the indexes showed a decreasing trend with the increase of stress intensity. Low concentration (0.2%) salt stress could promote seed germination of A. desertorum, A. trachycaulumcv.Slender and E. elongata.【Conclusion】 According to the comprehensive evaluation of subordinate function method, the salt resistance of 10 materials followed the order of D (A. cristatum)＞J (E. elongate)＞G (Elymussibiricus)＞A(A.mongolicum-Ningxia) ＞H (Stipacapillata)＞C (A. desertorum)＞E (A. trachycaulumcv. Slender)＞F(Psathyrostachysjuncea) ＞B(A. mongolicum-InnerMongolia)＞ I (E. dahuricus).

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Screening of Seed Coating Materials for Kochia prostrata MA Dong, Aibibula Yimamu, Halimulati Nurehemaiti 2021, 58(2): 352-360.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (923KB) ( )   【Objective】 Based on the research object of Kochia prostrata seed, the kinds and adding levels of bonding, water absorption and filling materials sui Table for the seed coating treatment were selected to improve the germination rate and seed value.【Method】 Through coating treatment, the bonding material, high-molecular water-absorbent material and filling material were screened for better performance of K.prostrata seeds germination, and then the orthogonal test method of three factors and four levels was used to screen the optimal coating ratio.【Result】 The preferred order of bonding material for seed coating of K. prostrata was 0.2% Arabic gum, 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol, 0.1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 0.1% chitosan; the preferred order of water-absorbing material was seed medicine. The ratio was 17%, 14%, 11%; the preferred order of filling materials is diatomite, vermiculite, kaolin + vermiculite.【Conclusion】 The influencing factors on the germination rate of K.prostratacoated seeds are arranged in ascending order as follows: water-absorbing material > filling material > bonding material; the optimal combination is 0.1% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose × 17% water-absorbing agent × diatomite.

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Study on Water Retention Effect of Bentonite and Licorice Residue Composites Material Gulinaer Bahetibieke, WANG Ying, SU Jinjuan, WANG Mei, LIU Yongping, LU Xueliang, CHU Guangming 2021, 58(2): 361-374.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (1734KB) ( )   【Objective】 In view of the water leakage and fertilizer leakage of sand land in arid area and the high cost and poor salt tolerance of high polymer water retention products on the market, soil pollution and so on, the water retention property of sand matrix with different proportions of bentonite and licorice residue was studied, and the optimum proportion scheme of composite material explored.【Method】Natural, inexpensive and environmentally friendly sodium bentonite and licorice residue were used as raw materials, the indoor soil column simulation method was applied and the pure sand was taken as contrast to measure the physicochemical properties, water absorption ratio and water evaporation rate of sandy soil with different proportions of bentonite-licorice residue composite, thus characterizinge the water retention effect of composite materials.【Result】The results showed that the addition of licorice residue could effectively regulate the basic physical and chemical properties of bentonite. Under the condition of sufficient irrigation, the weight of composite material accounted for 20% of the sand, and the water absorption capacity of T2 treatment was relatively high, and the water retention capacity was the best. There was no significant difference between T1 treatment in which the weight of composite material accounted for 15%. In the case of water shortage, T2 and T3 groups, which accounted for 20% of the weight of composite soil, had the slowest evaporation and the best water retention capacity.【Conclusion】In the three groups of experiments, with the increase of the proportion of bentonite in the composite material, its water retention effect is also increased correspondingly, and its water retention effect is 20%>15%>10% successively from high to low.The bentonite and licorice residue accounted for 20% of the total weight of sandy soil, and the bentonite and licorice residue weight ratio 1:1.5 is the best.

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Biology on Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in Kaidu River WANG Xinyue, REN Daoquan, MA Liang, CHEN Shengao ,LIU Maochun, XIE Congxin 2021, 58(2): 375-382.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.019 Abstract ( )   PDF (1246KB) ( )   【Objective】 To research the biology of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii Kessler in Kaidu river.【Method】 From 2017 to 2019, Gymnodiptychus dybowskii were collected, their classification patterns were observed, their age and growth were analyzed and their biological characteristics were studied by using traditional biological methods.【Result】 The morphological characteristics of Gymnodiptychus dybowskii in Kaidu River are slightly different from those of other water systems, and the color of body back was quite different; the age range was 1-8+, the mean value was 5.08±0.17+, which did not accord with the normal distribution, and the individual dominant age was 6+; The average body length and weight were (16.76 ± 5.66) cm and (71.56 ± 5.66) g, respectively, which did not conform to the normal distribution. Length and weight relationships: W=0.051 9L2.466 5(R2=0.932 7),belongs to heterogenic growth; Body length was linearly related to others. Progressive length L∞=37.72 cm,the coefficient of growth k=0.133 8,W∞=375.77 g,t 0 =- 1.75,ti=7.03+. The progressive length and weight growth relationship of the population (n=139): Lt = 37.72 (1-e-0.133 8 (t + 1.75)), and Wt =375.77 (1-e-0.133 8 (t + 1.75))2.466 5. GSI of the population and fullness: GSI＝7.85±1.03, K＝1.70±0.84.【Conclusion】 Gymnodiptychus dybowskii inhabits the upper reaches, and likes cold water, has different appearance and color, the age composition is older, belonging to heterogenic growth with strong adaptability. It has s Table growth characteristics, the inflection point age is bigge, the growth is slow and the resource drops sharply, so it is necessary to carry out the planning of the fishery function area of Kaidu River and strengthen the dynamic balance of the fishery.

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Effects of Cotton Stalk Ratios in Diets on Rumen Fermentation Parameters and Serum Biochemical Indexes of Sheep ZHANG Junyu, GUO Tongjun, SANG Duanji, WANG Wenqi, ZHANG Zhijun, WANG Chengmin 2021, 58(2): 383-392.  DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2021.02.020 Abstract ( )   PDF (897KB) ( )   【Objective】 This experiment is conducted to investigate the effects of different ratios of cotton stalk in diets on rumen fermentation parameters and serum biochemical indexes of sheep.【Method】 Fifty sheep with the similar body weight were randomly assigned to five groups with ten sheep in each group by a single factor completely randomized design. Sheep in control group were fed a basal diet, and sheep in trial groups were fed the diets whose roughage in basal diets were replaced by 10% (group A), 20% (group B), 30% (group C) and 40% (group D) cotton stalks, respectively.【Result】 The results showed as follows: (1) The rumen ammonia concentration was decreased with the increasing replacement ration of cotton stalk, group D was significant lower than group CK by 42.02% (P＜0.05), and no significant effects were observed among the other groups; no significant effects on pH, acetate, propionate, butyrate and TVFA concentration were found (P>0.05). (2) As the replacement ration of cotton stalk in diets increased, the serum ALP content in group D was significant lower than that in group CK by 32.14% (P＜0.05), and there were no significant differences in serum urea nitrogen and glucose content in 5 groups (P>0.05).【Conclusion】 Under this experimental condition, there are no significant effects on VFA content of rumen fluid when cotton stalk ratio in diets were 10% - 40%. When cotton stalk ratio in diet is 40%, the contents of rumen ammonia nitrogen and serum ALP change obviously.