Effect of citric acid soluble calcium magnesium fertilizer on calcium and magnesium absorption and quality of processing tomato

doi:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2023.08.020

Abstract

Abstract:

【Objective】 To study the effects of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer on calcium and magnesium absorption and quality of processing tomato fruit, so as to provide a theoretical basis for the application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer under calcareous soil conditions.【Methods】 With processing tomato as experimental material and no calcium and magnesium fertilizer as control (CK), three calcium and magnesium fertilizer dosage were set: 450 kg/hm² (C₄₅₀), 900 kg/hm² (C₉₀₀), 1,800 kg/hm²(C_1,800).After that, the content of calcium and magnesium, quality and the incidence of umbilical rot were determined, and the quality was evaluated comprehensively.【Results】 The application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer could significantly promote the absorption of calcium and magnesium in fruits, increase the absorption rate and reduce the incidence of umbilical rot.Compared with the control, different ratios of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer could significantly increase the weight of single fruit, color index, pulp thickness, soluble sugar and VC content, and significantly reduce the content of nitrate.When the sugar acid ratio of fruits were under C_1,800 treatment, pulp thickness and VC content reached the highest, which were 55.01%, 29.51% and 18.86% higher than those of CK, respectively, and the nitrate content was the lowest.The incidence of umbilical rot was 37.43%, 19.11% and 8.63% lower than those of CK, C₄₅₀ and C₉₀₀, respectively.【Conclusion】 The application of citric acid soluble calcium and magnesium fertilizer in calcareous soil can significantly promote the absorption of calcium and magnesium by fruits, thus reducing the incidence of umbilical rot and improving the quality of processing tomato.To sum up, the effect of applying 1,800 kg/hm² is the best.

Key words: calcareous soil; processing tomato; citric acid soluble calcium magnesium fertilizer; umbilical rot; quality

摘要：

【目的】研究枸溶性钙镁肥对加工番茄果实钙、镁吸收及品质的影响,为石灰性土壤条件下枸溶性钙镁肥的施用提供理论依据。【方法】以加工番茄为材料,不施钙镁肥为对照(CK), 设3个钙镁肥用量:450 kg/hm²(C₄₅₀)、900 kg/hm²(C₉₀₀)、1 800 kg/hm²(C_{1 800})。测定果实的钙、镁含量、品质及脐腐病发生率,并对品质进行综合评价。【结果】施用枸溶性钙镁肥可显著促进果实对钙、镁元素的吸收,并提高吸收速率,降低脐腐病发生率。与对照相比,不同用量枸溶性钙镁肥均可提高单果重、颜色指数、果肉厚度、可溶性糖、VC含量并达到显著水平,硝酸盐含量显著降低。C_{1 800}处理下果实的糖酸比、果肉厚度、VC含量最高,分别比CK高55.01%、29.51%、18.86%,硝酸盐含量最低,脐腐病发生率分别比CK、C₄₅₀、C₉₀₀处理减少了37.43%、19.11%、8.63%。【结论】在石灰性土壤中施用枸溶性钙镁肥可显著促进果实对钙、镁的吸收,降低脐腐病发生率,提高加工番茄品质,以施用量为1 800 kg/hm²的效果最优。

关键词: 石灰性土壤, 加工番茄, 枸溶性钙镁肥, 脐腐病, 品质

CLC Number:

S641.2

PU Min, RUAN Xiangyang, XIAO Lele, SUO Changkai, CHEN Guoyong, YE Jun, GAO Bo. Effect of citric acid soluble calcium magnesium fertilizer on calcium and magnesium absorption and quality of processing tomato[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2023, 60(8): 1987-1995.

蒲敏, 阮向阳, 肖乐乐, 索常凯, 陈国永, 冶军, 高波. 枸溶性钙镁肥对加工番茄钙、镁吸收及品质的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2023, 60(8): 1987-1995.

Figures/Tables 11

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生育期(天数) Growth period (days)	处理 Treat- ment	吸收速率 Absorption rate (kg/(hm²·d))		吸收比例 Absorption ratio Ca∶Mg
生育期(天数) Growth period (days)	处理 Treat- ment	Ca	Mg	吸收比例 Absorption ratio Ca∶Mg
开花期-坐果初期 Flowering stage - Early fruiting stage (30 d)	CK	0.130^c	0.024^c	5.3∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.142^c	0.028^bc	5.0∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.168^b	0.035^b	4.9∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.193^a	0.040^a	4.8∶1
坐果初期-坐果后期 Early fruiting stage - Late fruiting stage (28 d)	CK	0.144^d	0.037^b	3.9∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.172^c	0.036^b	4.8∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.210^b	0.056^a	3.8∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.215^a	0.061^a	3.5∶1
坐果后期-成熟期 Late fruiting stage - mature stage (40 d)	CK	0.118^c	0.040^c	3.0∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.139^b	0.051^b	2.7∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.143^b	0.058^a	2.5∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.162^a	0.059^a	2.7∶1

生育期(天数) Growth period (days)	处理 Treat- ment	吸收速率 Absorption rate (kg/(hm²·d))		吸收比例 Absorption ratio Ca∶Mg
生育期(天数) Growth period (days)	处理 Treat- ment	Ca	Mg	吸收比例 Absorption ratio Ca∶Mg
开花期-坐果初期 Flowering stage - Early fruiting stage (30 d)	CK	0.130^c	0.024^c	5.3∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.142^c	0.028^bc	5.0∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.168^b	0.035^b	4.9∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.193^a	0.040^a	4.8∶1
坐果初期-坐果后期 Early fruiting stage - Late fruiting stage (28 d)	CK	0.144^d	0.037^b	3.9∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.172^c	0.036^b	4.8∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.210^b	0.056^a	3.8∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.215^a	0.061^a	3.5∶1
坐果后期-成熟期 Late fruiting stage - mature stage (40 d)	CK	0.118^c	0.040^c	3.0∶1
	C₄₅₀	0.139^b	0.051^b	2.7∶1
	C₉₀₀	0.143^b	0.058^a	2.5∶1
	C_{1 800}	0.162^a	0.059^a	2.7∶1

处理 Treat- ment	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	果形指数 Fruit shape index	横径×纵径 Transverse diameter× vertical diameter (cm×cm)	颜色指数 (CI) Color index	心室数 (个) Number of ventr icular
CK	40.22^b	1.40^a	25.68^b	33.95^b	2^b
C₄₅₀	49.07^a	1.38^a	29.67^a	35.29^ab	3^a
C₉₀₀	48.48^a	1.41^a	29.42^a	36.82^a	3^a
C_{1 800}	47.16^a	1.31^b	26.02^b	36.85^a	3^a

处理 Treat- ment	单果重 Single fruit weight (g)	果形指数 Fruit shape index	横径×纵径 Transverse diameter× vertical diameter (cm×cm)	颜色指数 (CI) Color index	心室数 (个) Number of ventr icular
CK	40.22^b	1.40^a	25.68^b	33.95^b	2^b
C₄₅₀	49.07^a	1.38^a	29.67^a	35.29^ab	3^a
C₉₀₀	48.48^a	1.41^a	29.42^a	36.82^a	3^a
C_{1 800}	47.16^a	1.31^b	26.02^b	36.85^a	3^a

处理 Treat- ment	硬度 Hardness (kg/cm²)	可溶性固形 Soluble solids (%)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar (%)	可滴定酸 Titra table acid (%)	糖酸比 Sugar acid ratio	果肉厚度 Pulp thich ness (cm)
CK	1.12^a	4.07^a	1.50^c	0.32^b	4.69^b	0.61^c
C₄₅₀	1.16^a	4.33^a	1.57^c	0.38^a	4.16^b	0.72^b
C₉₀₀	1.13^a	4.07^a	1.88^b	0.37^a	5.07^b	0.73^b
C_{1 800}	1.13^a	4.37^a	2.43^a	0.33^b	7.27^a	0.79^a