Abstract:

【Objective】 By researching and analyzing the fruit characteristics of 97 tomato varieties， some tomato varieties with specific characteristics were selected to provide a basis for the effective use of variety resources in the future. 【Method】 Using 97 different tomato varieties grown under the same conditions as experimental materials， 21 fruit traits of each variety were investigated， including fruit transverse diameter， fruit longitudinal diameter， fruit shape index， pulp thickness， number of ventricles， petiole length， stem depression size， leaf length， leaf width， second inflorescence node， first inflorescence node， single inflorescence fruit number， plot yield and single inflorescence fruit number According to the results， the genetic diversity， correlation analysis， path analysis and cluster analysis of tomato fruit shape were analyzed. 【Result】 The genetic diversity index （H'） of phenotypic traits of 97 tomato cultivars varied from 0.89 to 2.29， and the variation coefficient ranged from 11.17% to 54.03%. The variation coefficient of fruit number in single inflorescence was the largest （54.03%）， and the variation coefficient of second inflorescence node was the smallest （11.17%）. In the correlation analysis， 14 characters were correlated with the transverse diameter and shape of fruit， and 1 character was correlated with the color of ripe fruit. The 97 tomato resources were divided into 5 groups by cluster analysis according to the principle that the varieties of the same group have great genetic similarity and the varieties of different groups have great differences.【Conclusion】 The tomato resources in this study are rich in genetic diversity of fruit traits， and each of the five groups has excellent traits to be discovered. For identifying specific germplasm resources， screening core genebanks and improving the yield.

Key words: tomato; genetic diversity; correlation analysis; path analysis; cluster analysis

摘要：

【目的】 研究97份番茄品种果实性状，分析解番茄种质资源遗传多样性，筛选具有特异性状的番茄品种，为番茄品种资源应用提供依据。【方法】 以生长相同条件下的97份不同番茄品种为供试材料，在番茄生长发育时期，每个品种调查21个果实性状指标；其中数量性状指标14个，分别是果实横径、果实纵径、果形指数、果肉厚度、心室数、果柄长度、果梗洼大小、叶长、叶宽、第二花序节位、首花序节位、单花序果数、小区产量和单株产量；质量性状指标7个，分别为叶片类型、叶片形状、成熟果色、胎座胶状物质颜色、果面茸毛、果实横切面形状和果形；进行番茄果实形状的遗传多样性、相关性、通径和聚类分析。【结果】 97份番茄材料的表型性状的遗传多样性指数（H'）的变化在0.89~2.29，变异系数的变化范围为11.17%~54.03%，其中单花序果数的变异系数最大（54.03%），第二花序节位的变异系数最小（11.17%）；与果实横径以及果实形状之间具有相关性的性状最多，有14个，与成熟果色之间具有相关性的性状最少，有1个；通过聚类分析以及依照同一类群的品种遗传相似性较大，不同类群的品种间存在较大差异的原则，将97份番茄资源分为5大类群。【结论】 97份番茄资源果实性状遗传多样性丰富，聚类分为5大类群，性状各有优异，通过对优异性状挖掘，用于鉴别特异种质资源，筛选核心种质库及提高番茄的产量、品质、商品性。

关键词: 番茄, 遗传多样性, 相关性, 通径分析, 聚类分析