Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences ›› 2022, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (2): 269-278.DOI: 10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.002
• Crop Genetics and Breeding·Molecular Genetics·Cultivation Physiology·Germplasm Resources • Previous Articles Next Articles
Kadliya Abudukelimu1(), ZHANG Jusong1(), CHEN Zhen1, HE Hongwei1, CUI Jianping2, LIN Tao2, GUO Rensong2
Received:
2021-07-08
Online:
2022-02-20
Published:
2022-03-22
Correspondence author:
ZHANG Jusong
Supported by:
卡地力亚·阿不都克力木1(), 张巨松1(), 陈振1, 贺宏伟1, 崔建平2, 林涛2, 郭仁松2
通讯作者:
张巨松
作者简介:
卡地力亚·阿不都克力木( 1994- ),女,新疆人,硕士研究生,研究方向为棉花高产栽培,(E-mail) 1677681912@qq.com
基金资助:
CLC Number:
Kadliya Abudukelimu, ZHANG Jusong, CHEN Zhen, HE Hongwei, CUI Jianping, LIN Tao, GUO Rensong. Effects of Plant Spacing and Nitrogen Fertilizer Management on the Growth and Yield of Machine-Picked Cotton[J]. Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences, 2022, 59(2): 269-278.
卡地力亚·阿不都克力木, 张巨松, 陈振, 贺宏伟, 崔建平, 林涛, 郭仁松. 1膜3行下株距与氮肥对机采棉生长发育及产量的影响[J]. 新疆农业科学, 2022, 59(2): 269-278.
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URL: http://www.xjnykx.com/EN/10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2022.02.002
处理 Process | 基肥 Base Fertilizer | 各时期追肥用量(日/月)Topdressing dosage in eachperiod(D/M) | 总量 Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/7 | 10/7 | 17/7 | 24/7 | 31/7 | 7/8 | 14/8 | 24/8 | |||
N1 | 64 | 0 | 16 | 32 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 48 | 32 | 320 |
N2 | 64 | 16 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 32 | 32 | 16 | 16 | 320 |
N3 | 64 | 48 | 48 | 32 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 16 | 0 | 320 |
Table 1 Fertilization Program(kg/hm2)
处理 Process | 基肥 Base Fertilizer | 各时期追肥用量(日/月)Topdressing dosage in eachperiod(D/M) | 总量 Total | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1/7 | 10/7 | 17/7 | 24/7 | 31/7 | 7/8 | 14/8 | 24/8 | |||
N1 | 64 | 0 | 16 | 32 | 64 | 32 | 64 | 48 | 32 | 320 |
N2 | 64 | 16 | 32 | 48 | 64 | 32 | 32 | 16 | 16 | 320 |
N3 | 64 | 48 | 48 | 32 | 64 | 32 | 16 | 16 | 0 | 320 |
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spacing | 出苗 Emer gency (D/M) | 现蕾 Full Squa ringy (D/M) | 开花 Flowe ring (D/M) | 盛铃 Full boll (D/M) | 见絮 Boll Opening (D/M) | 苗期 Seedling Stage (d) | 蕾期 Bud Stage (d) | 花铃期 Flowering and Boll- Setting Stage (d) | 生育期 Growth Stage (d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 21/6 | 23/7 | 7/9 | 45 | 16 | 74 | 135 | |
N1 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 22/6 | 25/7 | 9/9 | 45 | 17 | 78 | 140 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 23/6 | 26/7 | 12/9 | 46 | 17 | 80 | 143 | |
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 22/6 | 23/7 | 7/9 | 45 | 18 | 73 | 136 | |
N2 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 23/6 | 23/7 | 8/9 | 45 | 18 | 76 | 139 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 24/6 | 24/7 | 9/9 | 46 | 19 | 77 | 142 | |
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 23/6 | 18/7 | 5/9 | 45 | 18 | 70 | 133 | |
N3 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 24/6 | 19/7 | 6/9 | 45 | 19 | 72 | 136 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 24/6 | 20/7 | 7/9 | 46 | 19 | 73 | 139 |
Table 2 Effect of Different planting modes on Cotton Growth Process
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spacing | 出苗 Emer gency (D/M) | 现蕾 Full Squa ringy (D/M) | 开花 Flowe ring (D/M) | 盛铃 Full boll (D/M) | 见絮 Boll Opening (D/M) | 苗期 Seedling Stage (d) | 蕾期 Bud Stage (d) | 花铃期 Flowering and Boll- Setting Stage (d) | 生育期 Growth Stage (d) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 21/6 | 23/7 | 7/9 | 45 | 16 | 74 | 135 | |
N1 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 22/6 | 25/7 | 9/9 | 45 | 17 | 78 | 140 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 23/6 | 26/7 | 12/9 | 46 | 17 | 80 | 143 | |
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 22/6 | 23/7 | 7/9 | 45 | 18 | 73 | 136 | |
N2 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 23/6 | 23/7 | 8/9 | 45 | 18 | 76 | 139 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 24/6 | 24/7 | 9/9 | 46 | 19 | 77 | 142 | |
D1 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 23/6 | 18/7 | 5/9 | 45 | 18 | 70 | 133 | |
N3 | D2 | 21/4 | 5/6 | 24/6 | 19/7 | 6/9 | 45 | 19 | 72 | 136 |
D3 | 21/4 | 6/6 | 24/6 | 20/7 | 7/9 | 46 | 19 | 73 | 139 |
氮肥 Nitrogen | 株距 Plant spacing | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 叶片数 Leaf number (片) | 果枝数 Number fruit branch (台) | 茎粗 Stem thick (mm) | 果枝始节高 Fruiting height of cotton (个) | 铃数 Boll number (个) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 82.2±3.45b | 12.8±0.84b | 9.1±0.65bc | 9.90±0.24a | 21.3±1.24c | 8.2±0.45b | |
N1 | D2 | 80.1±2.41c | 12.1±0.81bc | 8.9±0.62c | 9.4±0.21b | 20.7±1.31d | 7.8±0.41bc |
D3 | 78.6±2.35c | 11.4±0.75c | 8.7±0.60c | 8.7±0.19c | 20.4±1.28d | 6.8±0.36c | |
D1 | 83±2.74b | 13.6±0.89a | 9.7±0.74a | 9.4±0.22b | 22.7±1.41b | 11.2±0.52a | |
N2 | D2 | 81.3±2.34bc | 13.4±0.87a | 9.5±0.84a | 9.2±0.26b | 21.2±1.27c | 9.4±0.37ab |
D3 | 75.6±1.11d | 12.2±0.69c | 9.2±0.75b | 8.7±0.34c | 20.7±1.35d | 7.4±0.31bc | |
D1 | 85.6±2.84a | 13.8±0.94a | 9.3±0.89b | 10.3±0.38a | 24.2±1.52a | 10.3±0.65a | |
N3 | D2 | 83.8±1.41b | 13.6±0.91a | 9.1±0.65b | 9.2±0.41ab | 23.3±1.24a | 8.4±0.52b |
D3 | 81.7±2.74bc | 13±0.85b | 9.0±0.45bc | 8.9±0.27c | 23.1±1.19ab | 6.0±0.39c |
Table 3 Comparison of main agronomic traits in different treatments
氮肥 Nitrogen | 株距 Plant spacing | 株高 Plant height (cm) | 叶片数 Leaf number (片) | 果枝数 Number fruit branch (台) | 茎粗 Stem thick (mm) | 果枝始节高 Fruiting height of cotton (个) | 铃数 Boll number (个) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 82.2±3.45b | 12.8±0.84b | 9.1±0.65bc | 9.90±0.24a | 21.3±1.24c | 8.2±0.45b | |
N1 | D2 | 80.1±2.41c | 12.1±0.81bc | 8.9±0.62c | 9.4±0.21b | 20.7±1.31d | 7.8±0.41bc |
D3 | 78.6±2.35c | 11.4±0.75c | 8.7±0.60c | 8.7±0.19c | 20.4±1.28d | 6.8±0.36c | |
D1 | 83±2.74b | 13.6±0.89a | 9.7±0.74a | 9.4±0.22b | 22.7±1.41b | 11.2±0.52a | |
N2 | D2 | 81.3±2.34bc | 13.4±0.87a | 9.5±0.84a | 9.2±0.26b | 21.2±1.27c | 9.4±0.37ab |
D3 | 75.6±1.11d | 12.2±0.69c | 9.2±0.75b | 8.7±0.34c | 20.7±1.35d | 7.4±0.31bc | |
D1 | 85.6±2.84a | 13.8±0.94a | 9.3±0.89b | 10.3±0.38a | 24.2±1.52a | 10.3±0.65a | |
N3 | D2 | 83.8±1.41b | 13.6±0.91a | 9.1±0.65b | 9.2±0.41ab | 23.3±1.24a | 8.4±0.52b |
D3 | 81.7±2.74bc | 13±0.85b | 9.0±0.45bc | 8.9±0.27c | 23.1±1.19ab | 6.0±0.39c |
氮肥 Nitrogen | 株距 Plant Spacing | 纵向Longitudinal | 纵向Longitudinal | 单株平均 Average per plant (个) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下部 Under par (个) | 中部 Middle par (个) | 上部 Upper par (个) | 内围 Inner (个) | 外围 Periphery (个) | |||
D1 | 3.67 | 3.00 | 3.33 | 7.67 | 1.67 | 8.33 | |
N1 | D2 | 3.67 | 2.00 | 2.33 | 6.67 | 1.00 | 7.67 |
D3 | 3.00 | 1.33 | 1.00 | 4.07 | 0.93 | 5.00 | |
D1 | 4.33 | 3.33 | 1.67 | 7.67 | 1.67 | 9.33 | |
N2 | D2 | 5..00 | 1.33 | 1.33 | 6.00 | 0.67 | 6.67 |
D3 | 4.00 | 2.33 | 1.27 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 7.33 | |
D1 | 4.00 | 3.33 | 1.67 | 7.00 | 2.00 | 9.00 | |
N3 | D2 | 4.33 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 7.33 |
D3 | 3.54 | 1.20 | 1.33 | 5.33 | 0.74 | 6.07 |
Table 4 Horizontal and vertical spatial distribution of cotton bolls under different treatments
氮肥 Nitrogen | 株距 Plant Spacing | 纵向Longitudinal | 纵向Longitudinal | 单株平均 Average per plant (个) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
下部 Under par (个) | 中部 Middle par (个) | 上部 Upper par (个) | 内围 Inner (个) | 外围 Periphery (个) | |||
D1 | 3.67 | 3.00 | 3.33 | 7.67 | 1.67 | 8.33 | |
N1 | D2 | 3.67 | 2.00 | 2.33 | 6.67 | 1.00 | 7.67 |
D3 | 3.00 | 1.33 | 1.00 | 4.07 | 0.93 | 5.00 | |
D1 | 4.33 | 3.33 | 1.67 | 7.67 | 1.67 | 9.33 | |
N2 | D2 | 5..00 | 1.33 | 1.33 | 6.00 | 0.67 | 6.67 |
D3 | 4.00 | 2.33 | 1.27 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 7.33 | |
D1 | 4.00 | 3.33 | 1.67 | 7.00 | 2.00 | 9.00 | |
N3 | D2 | 4.33 | 1.67 | 1.33 | 6.00 | 1.33 | 7.33 |
D3 | 3.54 | 1.20 | 1.33 | 5.33 | 0.74 | 6.07 |
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spa cing | 收获株数 Plant Number (104株/hm2) | 单株结铃数 Boll number per plant | 单铃重 Boll weight (g) | 衣分 Lint percentage (%) | 籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm2) | 皮棉产量 Lint cotton yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 12.1±0.58c | 6.98±0.48c | 5.6±0.23ab | 46.23±0.72a | 4 729.64±367.54d | 2 185.09±132.34d | |
N1 | D2 | 15.5±0.58b | 6.35±0.43cd | 5.6±0.37ab | 45.42±0.56ab | 5 511.80±332.44c | 2 502.30±97.34c |
D3 | 20.8±0.65a | 5.71±0.38d | 5.5±0.19ab | 45.21±0.65ab | 6 132.24±654.21b | 2 771.77±198.23b | |
D1 | 11.8±0.58c | 8.20±0.51a | 5.9±0.32a | 46.97±0.91a | 5 708.84±421.54bc | 2 677.45±176.54b | |
N2 | D2 | 15.1±0.62b | 7.11±0.47b | 6.1±0.34a | 46.23±0.36a | 6 549.02±312.65a | 3 025.65±215.67a |
D3 | 20.4±0.75a | 5.77±0.43d | 5.6±0.43ab | 45.72±0.98ab | 6 591.65±454.72a | 3 012.38±234.45a | |
D1 | 11.9±0.58c | 7.51±0.53b | 5.9±0.29a | 45.84±0.68ab | 5 272.71±265.21d | 2 414.90±198.34c | |
N3 | D2 | 15.3±0.75b | 6.89±0.46c | 5.9±0.34a | 45.52±0.72ab | 6 219.60±433.32b | 2 829.92±98.32b |
D3 | 20.5±0.78a | 5.35±0.46d | 5.6±0.32ab | 45.21±0.76ab | 6 141.80±354.43b | 2 776.09±154.23b |
Table 5 Cotton yield and yield components under different treatmentsing
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spa cing | 收获株数 Plant Number (104株/hm2) | 单株结铃数 Boll number per plant | 单铃重 Boll weight (g) | 衣分 Lint percentage (%) | 籽棉产量 Seed cotton yield (kg/hm2) | 皮棉产量 Lint cotton yield (kg/hm2) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 12.1±0.58c | 6.98±0.48c | 5.6±0.23ab | 46.23±0.72a | 4 729.64±367.54d | 2 185.09±132.34d | |
N1 | D2 | 15.5±0.58b | 6.35±0.43cd | 5.6±0.37ab | 45.42±0.56ab | 5 511.80±332.44c | 2 502.30±97.34c |
D3 | 20.8±0.65a | 5.71±0.38d | 5.5±0.19ab | 45.21±0.65ab | 6 132.24±654.21b | 2 771.77±198.23b | |
D1 | 11.8±0.58c | 8.20±0.51a | 5.9±0.32a | 46.97±0.91a | 5 708.84±421.54bc | 2 677.45±176.54b | |
N2 | D2 | 15.1±0.62b | 7.11±0.47b | 6.1±0.34a | 46.23±0.36a | 6 549.02±312.65a | 3 025.65±215.67a |
D3 | 20.4±0.75a | 5.77±0.43d | 5.6±0.43ab | 45.72±0.98ab | 6 591.65±454.72a | 3 012.38±234.45a | |
D1 | 11.9±0.58c | 7.51±0.53b | 5.9±0.29a | 45.84±0.68ab | 5 272.71±265.21d | 2 414.90±198.34c | |
N3 | D2 | 15.3±0.75b | 6.89±0.46c | 5.9±0.34a | 45.52±0.72ab | 6 219.60±433.32b | 2 829.92±98.32b |
D3 | 20.5±0.78a | 5.35±0.46d | 5.6±0.32ab | 45.21±0.76ab | 6 141.80±354.43b | 2 776.09±154.23b |
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spa cing | 纤维长度 Fiber length (mm) | 整齐度指数 Uniformity index (% ) | 断裂比强度 Breaking tenacity (CN/tex) | 纤维指数 Fiber index (%) | 成熟度 Maturity | 马克隆值 Micronaire |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 29.82±0.21bc | 85.86 ±0.43a | 30.41±0.53ab | 5.92±0.13c | 0.83±0.02a | 4.85±0.12b | |
N1 | D2 | 29.74 ±0.13bc | 85.47 ±0.32ab | 28.82 ±0.51b | 5.91±0.08c | 0.84±0.01a | 4.35±0.013c |
D3 | 29.62±0.23c | 85.74±0.41a | 26.81 ±0.27c | 6.02±0.21b | 0.82 ±0.01ab | 4.33±0.16c | |
D1 | 31.33±0.27a | 86.23±0.23a | 30.12±0.47ab | 6.43±0.10ab | 0.85±0.02a | 5.17±0.18a | |
N2 | D2 | 31.02±0.12a | 85.92±0.37a | 29.25±0.53b | 6.25±0.11b | 0.85±0.02a | 5.13±0.21ab |
D3 | 31.15±0.16a | 85.83±0.16a | 27.93±0.37c | 5.74±0.12c | 0.83 ±0.03a | 4.80±0.09b | |
D1 | 30.04±0.25b | 85.94 ±0.36a | 31.23±0.55a | 6.57±0.09a | 0.86±0.02a | 5.35±0.16a | |
N3 | D2 | 30.14±0.23b | 85.73±0.15a | 30.33±0.48ab | 6.42±0.11a | 0.85±0.03a | 5.23±0.17a |
D3 | 30.07±0.18b | 85.61±0.25a | 31.04±0.32a | 6.08±0.15b | 0.85±0.02a | 5.07±0.08b |
Table 6 The changes of fiber quality of cotton under differeneatmentsing
氮肥 Nitro gen | 株距 Plant Spa cing | 纤维长度 Fiber length (mm) | 整齐度指数 Uniformity index (% ) | 断裂比强度 Breaking tenacity (CN/tex) | 纤维指数 Fiber index (%) | 成熟度 Maturity | 马克隆值 Micronaire |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D1 | 29.82±0.21bc | 85.86 ±0.43a | 30.41±0.53ab | 5.92±0.13c | 0.83±0.02a | 4.85±0.12b | |
N1 | D2 | 29.74 ±0.13bc | 85.47 ±0.32ab | 28.82 ±0.51b | 5.91±0.08c | 0.84±0.01a | 4.35±0.013c |
D3 | 29.62±0.23c | 85.74±0.41a | 26.81 ±0.27c | 6.02±0.21b | 0.82 ±0.01ab | 4.33±0.16c | |
D1 | 31.33±0.27a | 86.23±0.23a | 30.12±0.47ab | 6.43±0.10ab | 0.85±0.02a | 5.17±0.18a | |
N2 | D2 | 31.02±0.12a | 85.92±0.37a | 29.25±0.53b | 6.25±0.11b | 0.85±0.02a | 5.13±0.21ab |
D3 | 31.15±0.16a | 85.83±0.16a | 27.93±0.37c | 5.74±0.12c | 0.83 ±0.03a | 4.80±0.09b | |
D1 | 30.04±0.25b | 85.94 ±0.36a | 31.23±0.55a | 6.57±0.09a | 0.86±0.02a | 5.35±0.16a | |
N3 | D2 | 30.14±0.23b | 85.73±0.15a | 30.33±0.48ab | 6.42±0.11a | 0.85±0.03a | 5.23±0.17a |
D3 | 30.07±0.18b | 85.61±0.25a | 31.04±0.32a | 6.08±0.15b | 0.85±0.02a | 5.07±0.08b |
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